{"id":286948,"date":"2016-04-04T10:41:53","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:41:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/bankruptcy\/debt-relief\/your-rights-under-the-credit-card-act.html"},"modified":"2025-08-14T08:51:48","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T13:51:48","slug":"your-rights-under-the-credit-card-act","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/debt-relief\/your-rights-under-the-credit-card-act.html","title":{"rendered":"Credit Card Rules and the CARD Act"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Credit Card Rules and the CARD Act<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/balrina-ahluwalia-esq\/\">Balrina Ahluwalia, Esq.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/jordan-walker-j-d\/\">Jordan Walker, J.D.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            August 14, 2025\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n    <div class=\"fl-callout-text article-blockquote\">\n        <p><i data-redactor-tag=\"i\">The Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act (the CARD Act) is a federal law that aims\u00a0to make credit card company practices fairer and more transparent. Key rules require 45 days&#8217; advance notice before most interest rate increases, monthly statements showing how long paying only the minimum will take, bills delivered at least 21 days before the due date, no late fees for on-time payments even when due dates fall on weekends or holidays, and clear disclosure of higher cash\u2011advance fees. If you&#8217;re struggling with your finances and credit card debt, the law also steers you to approved credit counseling resources.<\/i><\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Personal finances can be challenging, especially if you&#8217;re dealing with medical bills,\u00a0student loans, or credit card debt. Federal laws like the CARD Act and the Bankruptcy Code protect borrowers and help them recover from financial hardship, but they can be confusing to navigate.<\/p>\n<p>In this article, we&#8217;ll demystify these laws and your rights under them. We&#8217;ll also answer commonly asked questions about the legal protections available to you.<\/p>\n<h2>What Is the CARD Act?<\/h2>\n<p>Congress passed the CARD Act into law in 2009 amidst widespread concerns about\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/credit-banking-finance\/usury-laws.html\">unfair and deceptive practices<\/a>\u00a0by credit card issuers that manage your accounts.<\/p>\n<p>The law is intended to protect you from confusing terms and unfair fees by requiring companies to be clearer about fees\/charges and ensuring\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/credit-banking-finance\/credit-cards.html\">credit card users<\/a>\u00a0have more time to pay their bills. To that end, the CARD Act addresses concerns in several key areas. These include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong data-redactor-tag=\"strong\">Rate increases<\/strong>: Credit card issuers must give cardholders 45 days&#8217; notice before raising interest rates<\/li>\n<li><strong data-redactor-tag=\"strong\">Minimum payments<\/strong>: Monthly credit card statements must show the time required to pay off your balance making only minimum payments<\/li>\n<li><strong data-redactor-tag=\"strong\">Due dates<\/strong>: Credit card bills must be sent at least 21 days prior to the due date<\/li>\n<li><strong data-redactor-tag=\"strong\">Late fees<\/strong>: Issuers can&#8217;t charge late fees if the payment is made on time, even if the due date is on a holiday\/weekend<\/li>\n<li><strong data-redactor-tag=\"strong\">Cash advances<\/strong>: Issuers must provide clear disclosure of cash advance fees and interest rates, which tend to be much higher than regular purchases<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The CARD Act also requires that credit card issuers apply any payment you make over the minimum payment to the portion of your balance with the highest interest rate first. This helps you pay down the most expensive debt first, saving you money in the long run.<\/p>\n<p>Even with these heightened protections, many people struggle to pay their credit card bills.<\/p>\n<h2>What To Do if You Can&#8217;t Pay Your Debts<\/h2>\n<p>If you&#8217;re not caught up on credit card payments or other financial obligations, debt collectors may call you or send letters demanding payment. When\u00a0your debt seems\u00a0unmanageable, you might want to consider credit counseling or bankruptcy.<\/p>\n<h3>Credit Counseling<\/h3>\n<p>You may have noticed that your credit card statements include a phone number to access federally\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/what-is-bankruptcy\/bankruptcy-credit-counseling.html\">approved credit counseling<\/a>\u00a0agencies. This is another mandate from the CARD Act.<\/p>\n<p>One of these agencies may be able to help you:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Create a budget<\/li>\n<li>Negotiate lower interest rates with credit card companies<\/li>\n<li>Propose repayment plans with lower monthly payments<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This can sometimes present an\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/debt-relief.html\">alternative to bankruptcy<\/a>, especially if your debt isn&#8217;t too severe. Federal law\u00a0requires completion of at least one credit counseling session before you can file for bankruptcy.<\/p>\n<h3>Bankruptcy<\/h3>\n<p>For some,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/what-is-bankruptcy\/benefits-of-bankruptcy.html\">bankruptcy presents an attractive option<\/a>\u00a0for debt relief. It offers legal protection from creditors and a structured way to eliminate or repay your debts. While it can offer you a fresh start, you&#8217;ll want to be fully informed about the pros and cons.<\/p>\n<p>Bankruptcy can impact your credit score significantly. It will also stay on your credit report for seven to 10 years. It&#8217;s not a decision to take lightly. Consider\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/before-you-file\/attorney-intake-questionnaire-hiring-a-bankruptcy-attorney.html\">consulting with a bankruptcy lawyer<\/a>\u00a0before taking action.<\/p>\n<h2>Understanding\u00a0Bankruptcy<\/h2>\n<p>Bankruptcy is a legal pathway to debt relief when you can&#8217;t pay what you owe. It&#8217;s handled in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/what-is-bankruptcy\/united-states-bankruptcy-courts.html\">bankruptcy court under federal bankruptcy laws<\/a>. Although some state-specific exemptions and procedures may apply, the Bankruptcy Code provides the legal framework for bankruptcy filings.<\/p>\n<p>There are two main types of personal bankruptcy. Let&#8217;s take a look at both of them.<\/p>\n<h3>Chapter 7 Bankruptcy<\/h3>\n<p>Also called liquidation,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/chapter-7.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chapter 7 bankruptcy<\/a>\u00a0helps people eliminate most of their unsecured debt. This is money you owe without any collateral backing it, meaning there&#8217;s no specific asset like a car or house that the lender can take if you don&#8217;t pay. Credit card debt and medical bills are two examples of unsecured debt.<\/p>\n<p>Before filing Chapter 7, you must first pass a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/chapter-7\/the-bankruptcy-means-test.html\">means test<\/a>\u00a0showing you don&#8217;t earn enough to pay your debts. After you&#8217;ve filed, the bankruptcy court issues an automatic stay that stops debt collection activity like wage garnishment and foreclosure. It also appoints a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/chapter-7\/the-chapter-7-trustee-the-bankruptcy-estate-and-claims.html\">trustee to oversee the process<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In most Chapter 7 bankruptcies, the trustee will gather and sell certain assets of yours to pay your creditors. Exemption laws at the state and federal level\u00a0protect your necessary assets so you can keep the things you need to live and work. Non-exempt assets you may need to sell to pay your creditors could include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vacation homes<\/li>\n<li>Art collections<\/li>\n<li>Investments (not in retirement accounts)<\/li>\n<li>Valuable jewelry<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/what-is-bankruptcy\/what-is-a-trustee-in-bankruptcy-.html\">trustee<\/a>\u00a0then distributes the proceeds from the sale of your non-exempt assets to pay your creditors according to a priority system.<\/p>\n<p>The entire process usually takes four to six months,\u00a0after which most people get a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/chapter-7\/what-is-a-chapter-7-debt-discharge-.html\">bankruptcy discharge<\/a>. This means they no longer owe the unsecured debts. Certain debts, like student loans and child support, are typically not dischargeable.<\/p>\n<h3>Chapter 13 Bankruptcy<\/h3>\n<p>Chapter 13 bankruptcy, also known as reorganization, is the other type of personal bankruptcy.\u00a0It allows people with regular income to keep their assets while paying back debts over three to five years. Unlike Chapter 7, where some debts are simply wiped away, Chapter 13 focuses on reorganization and repayment.<\/p>\n<p>Once you\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/chapter-13\/filing-for-chapter-13.html\">file your Chapter 13 petition<\/a>, the bankruptcy court issues an automatic stay that stops debt collection activity like wage garnishment and foreclosure. It also appoints a trustee to oversee your bankruptcy case.<\/p>\n<p>In a Chapter 13 bankruptcy, you&#8217;ll\u00a0propose a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/chapter-13\/repayment-plan.html\">repayment plan<\/a>\u00a0based on your income and expenses. This typically includes your secured debt, like mortgages or car loans, as well as unsecured debt. Once approved, you&#8217;ll make monthly payments to your court-appointed trustee, who then pays your creditors.<\/p>\n<p>Chapter 13 is often used to stop\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/foreclosure\/more-foreclosure-frequently-asked-questions.html\">foreclosure or repossession<\/a>. It&#8217;s also helpful if you owe\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-support.html\">child support<\/a>, spousal support\/alimony, or student loans, which aren&#8217;t dischargeable in Chapter 7 cases.<\/p>\n<p>While you might not have expected to find yourself in this position, it&#8217;s neither\u00a0uncommon nor\u00a0a life sentence. It might\u00a0 be easy, but you may be able to\u00a0gradually\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy\/after-bankruptcy\/how-soon-will-my-credit-score-improve-after-bankruptcy-.html\">rebuild your credit<\/a>\u00a0over time by making on-time monthly payments and avoiding late payment fees.<\/p>\n<h2>Legal Guidance<\/h2>\n<p>The course of action that&#8217;s best for you will very much depend on your specific circumstances. To fully understand the legal tools available to you, speak with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an experienced attorney<\/a>. You can share the details of your situation with them confidentially so that they can help you evaluate your options.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/consumer-protection\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FindLaw&#8217;s directory of consumer protection attorneys<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/bankruptcy-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bankruptcy attorneys<\/a>\u00a0can connect you with local experts. Just click on your state, then city, to view ratings and background information for qualified legal advisors in your area.<\/p>\n<p>Having\u00a0the help of someone who can protect your interests at this consequential time can make a huge difference in your road to financial recovery. A legal expert can make the process go much more smoothly.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n             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<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In response to growing concerns about potential abuses within the credit card industry, Congress passed the Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and 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