{"id":351485,"date":"2020-04-06T08:41:14","date_gmt":"2020-04-06T13:41:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/voting\/my-voting-guide\/absentee-voting-laws.html"},"modified":"2024-02-16T15:48:26","modified_gmt":"2024-02-16T20:48:26","slug":"absentee-voting-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/voting\/my-voting-guide\/absentee-voting-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"Absentee Voting Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Absentee Voting Laws<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-mccall-j-d\/\">Melissa McCall, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-bender-esq\/\">Melissa Bender, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            February 16, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n    <div class=\"fl-callout-text article-blockquote\">\n        <p>Can you mail in your vote? It depends on your state and its laws.<\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n<p>Absentee voting allows those who can&#8217;t vote in person to cast a ballot by mail or by depositing it into a designated drop box. Those who vote by absentee ballot do so before Election Day. Learn about absentee voting, who is eligible, how to register, and more.<\/p>\r\n<h2>What Is Absentee Voting?<\/h2>\r\n<p>Absentee voting is a method for those who cannot do in-person voting. This includes, but is not limited to, the following:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Military personnel and their families<\/li>\r\n<li>Overseas voters<\/li>\r\n<li>The disabled<\/li>\r\n<li>Poll workers<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Although state laws vary, registered voters interested in absentee voting typically complete an absentee ballot application and submit the ballot request to their local election office. Once approved, the election office will send them a mail-in ballot and return envelope so they can vote.<\/p>\r\n<p>Voters can mail their ballots or place them in designated drop boxes.<\/p>\r\n<p>Although the eligibility rules for absentee voting vary from state to state, you typically can vote absentee for the following:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>General elections<\/li>\r\n<li>Primary elections<\/li>\r\n<li>Early voting<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Purpose of Absentee Voting<\/h3>\r\n<p>Absentee voting ensures that people can exercise their voting rights if the following prevents them from going to their polling place:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Military duty<\/li>\r\n<li>Foreign service<\/li>\r\n<li>Away on business<\/li>\r\n<li>Ill or disabled<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>History of Absentee Voting<\/h3>\r\n<p>In the 1980s, people concerned about democracy noticed that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fairvote.org\/voter_turnout#voter_turnout_101\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. voter turnout rates<\/a>&nbsp;were significantly lower than in other established democracies. Some states relaxed their voting requirements to encourage more people to vote.<\/p>\r\n<p>Increasing access to voting by absentee ballot was one strategy. Today, more people vote by absentee ballot. According to the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/electionlab.mit.edu\/research\/voting-mail-and-absentee-voting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MIT Election Data Science Lab<\/a>, absentee voting increased from 7.5% in 1992 to 21.1% in 2016.<\/p>\r\n<p>Ultimately, these numbers show an increase in participation in democracy.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Absentee Voting Eligibility<\/h2>\r\n<p>Since election administration is a state function, absentee voting eligibility varies from state to state. Here are the general voter registration requirements:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>U.S. citizen<\/li>\r\n<li>18 or older<\/li>\r\n<li>Eligible to vote in your state (some states have laws preventing felons, for example, from voting)<\/li>\r\n<li>Registered to vote in your state or through the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fvap.gov\/uploads\/FVAP\/Outreach-Materials\/FVAP_FPCA.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federal Postcard Application<\/a>&nbsp;(FPCA)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>You can learn more about federal absentee voting requirements through USA.gov.<\/p>\r\n<h2>State Absentee Voting Laws<\/h2>\r\n<p>Election administration is a state function; absentee voting laws differ from state to state.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Mail Voting<\/h3>\r\n<p>The following&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncsl.org\/elections-and-campaigns\/table-1-states-with-no-excuse-absentee-voting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">eight states<\/a>&nbsp;conduct their elections by mail:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>California<\/li>\r\n<li>Colorado<\/li>\r\n<li>Hawaii<\/li>\r\n<li>Nevada<\/li>\r\n<li>Oregon<\/li>\r\n<li>Utah<\/li>\r\n<li>Vermont (general elections only)<\/li>\r\n<li>Washington<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>In these states, every eligible voter automatically gets a ballot in the mail. Voters who need their ballot mailed to an address different than their home address can apply for an absentee ballot.<\/p>\r\n<h3>No-Excuse Absentee Voting<\/h3>\r\n<p>The following states and the District of Columbia allow no-excuse absentee voting:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Alaska<\/li>\r\n<li>Arizona<\/li>\r\n<li>Georgia<\/li>\r\n<li>Florida<\/li>\r\n<li>Idaho<\/li>\r\n<li>Iowa<\/li>\r\n<li>Kansas<\/li>\r\n<li>Maine<\/li>\r\n<li>Maryland<\/li>\r\n<li>Massachusetts<\/li>\r\n<li>Michigan<\/li>\r\n<li>Minnesota<\/li>\r\n<li>Montana<\/li>\r\n<li>Nebraska<\/li>\r\n<li>New Jersey<\/li>\r\n<li>North Carolina<\/li>\r\n<li>North Dakota<\/li>\r\n<li>Ohio<\/li>\r\n<li>Oklahoma<\/li>\r\n<li>Pennsylvania<\/li>\r\n<li>Rhode Island<\/li>\r\n<li>South Dakota<\/li>\r\n<li>Virginia<\/li>\r\n<li>Wisconsin<\/li>\r\n<li>Wyoming<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>In these states, registered voters can request an absentee ballot. They do not need to give a reason for their request.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Requesting an Absentee Ballot<\/h3>\r\n<p>Prospective absentee voters must give an excuse to request an absentee ballot. Examples of valid excuses include, but are not limited to, the following:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>A specific and reasonable expectation that you cannot vote in person on Election Day during the entire 12 hours the polls are open (Indiana)<\/li>\r\n<li>You cannot get to your assigned polling station due to a physical disability (Massachusetts)<\/li>\r\n<li>You are 65 or older (Mississippi)<\/li>\r\n<li>You are an election official at a poll other than your own (Alabama)<\/li>\r\n<li>Your religious tenets forbid secular activity on Election Day (Connecticut)<\/li>\r\n<li>Your business prevents you from coming to the polls (including work caring for an ill or disabled family member) (Delaware)<\/li>\r\n<li>You are in prison but not serving time for a felony (Louisiana)<\/li>\r\n<li>You are a student living outside your home county (Kentucky)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Other states that require an excuse include the following:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Arkansas<\/li>\r\n<li>New Hampshire<\/li>\r\n<li>New York<\/li>\r\n<li>Tennessee<\/li>\r\n<li>Texas<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Registering for Absentee Voting<\/h2>\r\n<p>If you would like to register for absentee voting, please see the resources below for more information and to apply to receive a ballot.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>U.S. citizens&nbsp;can apply for an absentee ballot from their state&#8217;s secretary of state office<\/li>\r\n<li>U.S. citizens serving in the military should consult the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fvap.gov\/military-voter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federal Voting Assistance Program<\/a>&nbsp;website or the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.overseasvotefoundation.org\/vote\/home.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Overseas Vote Foundation<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>U.S. citizens living abroad can use the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fvap.gov\/uploads\/FVAP\/Forms\/fpca2013.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FPCA<\/a>&nbsp;to apply for an absentee ballot. They can also use the Overseas Vote Foundation to apply for a ballot<\/li>\r\n<li>U.S. citizens born abroad may or may not be eligible to vote by absentee ballot. It will depend upon the laws of the state in which their parents previously lived<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Get Legal Help<\/h2>\r\n<p>You should not have difficulty voting absentee as long as you meet the eligibility criteria. If you face any problems with your absentee ballot or with local election officials,<\/p>\r\n<p>a civil rights lawyer can help. Speak to an experienced&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/civil-rights\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">civil rights lawyer<\/a>&nbsp;today.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g 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height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"><\/rect>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"No\"\n                value=\"no\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">No<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-down\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3423)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              d=\"M16 0.999995H18.67C19.236 0.989986 19.7859 1.18813 20.2154 1.55681C20.645 1.9255 20.9242 2.43905 21 3V10C20.9242 10.5609 20.645 11.0745 20.2154 11.4432C19.7859 11.8119 19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Easy to understand\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                        >Easy to understand<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Solved my problem\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                        >Solved my problem<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--negative\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this not helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n                        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Missing Information\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Out of date\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                        >Out of date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\">\n        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