{"id":351565,"date":"2016-04-04T11:02:24","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T16:02:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/family\/adoption\/consent-to-adoption-what-biological-parents-need-to-know.html"},"modified":"2023-07-19T15:47:35","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T20:47:35","slug":"consent-to-adoption-what-biological-parents-need-to-know","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/adoption\/consent-to-adoption-what-biological-parents-need-to-know.html","title":{"rendered":"Consent to Adoption: What Biological Parents Need To Know"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Consent to Adoption: What Biological Parents Need To Know<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/lisa-burden-j-d\/\">Lisa Burden, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/john-mascolo-esq\/\">John Mascolo, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            July 19, 2023\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Once a parent relinquishes their rights, the legal relationship between the birth parent and the child ends.&nbsp; Biological parents should understand the impact of their consent to relinquish these rights.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>A parent&#8217;s rights are among the most protected by law in the United States. That&#8217;s why, with few exceptions, a parent must consent to adoption before a child is legally placed with another family. Regardless of the type of adoption\u2014whether&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/adoption\/independent-adoption.html\">independent<\/a>&nbsp;adoption, open adoption, or&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/adoption\/agency-adoptions.html\">agency adoption<\/a>\u2014birth parents must agree to the termination of parental rights to complete the adoption, absent a court finding to the contrary.<\/p>\r\n<p>Consent to adoption is an important legal step. Parents can revoke consent under certain circumstances. State law for consent varies.<\/p>\r\n<p>This article focuses on the laws and procedures governing biological parents&#8217; consent to adoption. It includes:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Specific consent requirements<\/li>\r\n<li>Waiting period for giving consent<\/li>\r\n<li>Revocation of consent<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Consent Requirement<\/h2>\r\n<p>When biological parents consent to adoption, they agree to relinquish the child to an adoptive family. Relinquishment means the birth parent&#8217;s legal rights and responsibilities for the child end. For example, the birth parents will not raise the child or have to pay child support. The adoptive parents become responsible for the adopted child.<\/p>\r\n<p>Upon finalization of the adoption process, the court places the original birth certificate under seal. The court orders the issuance of a new birth certificate. The adoptive parents become the adoptee&#8217;s legal parents in the revised birth certificate. The adoptive parents receive the child&#8217;s birth certificate. The adoptive parents take custody of the child if they don&#8217;t already have custody.<\/p>\r\n<p>States generally require that consent to adoption be in writing. A qualified official must witness the signing, or it needs to be notarized. The consent form is not part of the adoption petition.<\/p>\r\n<p>The father&#8217;s consent to adoption isn&#8217;t always needed. In many states,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/parental-rights-unmarried-fathers-and-adoption.html\">unwed fathers<\/a>&nbsp;who don&#8217;t file a notice of a paternity claim may lose their right to consent to adoption proceedings. Unwed fathers who don&#8217;t respond to an adoption notice usually lose this right as well.<\/p>\r\n<p>If the unmarried birth father wants a say in the adoption plan, he will have to establish that he is the biological father. To establish that he is a parent and exercise a father&#8217;s rights, an unmarried man can take several actions:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Request that the birth mother can name him as the child&#8217;s father on the birth certificate<\/li>\r\n<li>Register with a putative father registry<\/li>\r\n<li>Submit an affidavit of paternity<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>In some instances, the biological parent&#8217;s consent to adoption is not required. If a court has&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/parental-rights-and-liability\/checklist-grounds-for-terminating-parental-rights.html\">terminated their parental rights<\/a>, the biological parent&#8217;s approval isn&#8217;t needed to complete the adoption process. This happens in many instances when the court finds child abuse. If there is a guardian, such as a grandparent, then the guardian will provide consent. If the child is being adopted from foster care, then the public agency that has custody of the child will provide consent.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Timing of Consent<\/h3>\r\n<p>Adoption laws on waiting periods and consent vary. State law governs consent. All but three states (New York, Idaho, and Oregon) and the District of Columbia specify when a birth parent may provide consent. There may be waiting periods or other time-related rules for giving consent. These waiting periods apply to the adoption of newborns.<\/p>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">State<\/th>\r\n<th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">When Parent(s) Can Consent to Adoption<\/th>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Alabama<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth; the mother may consent during pregnancy but must reaffirm after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Alaska<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Arizona<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Arkansas<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>California<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the biological mother&#8217;s discharge from the hospital (direct); any time after the child&#8217;s birth (agency)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Colorado<\/td>\r\n<td>After the birth parents undergo state-specific counseling<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Connecticut<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until two days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>District of Columbia<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Delaware<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth (mother); any time before&nbsp;or&nbsp;after the child&#8217;s birth (biological father)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Florida<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until two days after the child&#8217;s birth (mother); any time after the child&#8217;s birth (father)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Georgia<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Hawaii<\/td>\r\n<td>Parents may consent during pregnancy but must reaffirm after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Idaho<\/td>\r\n<td>No statutory timeline; any time after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Illinois<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth (mother); any time before or after the child&#8217;s birth (father)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Indiana<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth (mother); any time before or after the child&#8217;s birth (biological father)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Iowa<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Kansas<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until 12 hours after the child&#8217;s birth (mother); any time before or after the child&#8217;s birth (father) &#8211; if before, the father must have an attorney<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Kentucky<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Louisiana<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth (agency); not until five days after the child&#8217;s birth (private); but the father may have the ability to consent any time before or after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Maine<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth (a petition to adopt must be pending)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Maryland<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Massachusetts<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until four days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Michigan<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Minnesota<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Mississippi<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Missouri<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until two days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Montana<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Nebraska<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until two days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Nevada<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth; the biological father may consent any time before or after the child&#8217;s birth if not married to the mother<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>New Hampshire<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>New Jersey<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth; the biological father may also consent by denying paternity any time before the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>New Mexico<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until two days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>New York<\/td>\r\n<td>No statutory timeline; any time after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>North Carolina<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth (mother); any time before or after the child&#8217;s birth (father)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>North Dakota<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Ohio<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Oklahoma<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth (mother and husband); any time before&nbsp;or&nbsp;after the child&#8217;s birth (unmarried, putative father)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Oregon<\/td>\r\n<td>No statutory timeline; any time after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Pennsylvania<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth (mother); any time before or after the child&#8217;s birth (putative father)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Rhode Island<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until 15 days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>South Carolina<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>South Dakota<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until five days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Tennessee<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until two or three days after the child&#8217;s birth, depending on circumstances; the waiting period can be waived by the court<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Texas<\/td>\r\n<td>Two days after the child&#8217;s birth (mother); any time before&nbsp;or&nbsp;after the child&#8217;s birth (putative father)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Utah<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until 24 hours after the child&#8217;s birth (mother); any time after the child&#8217;s birth (father)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Vermont<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until 36 hours after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Virginia<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Washington<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until two days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>West Virginia<\/td>\r\n<td>Not until three days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Wisconsin<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Wyoming<\/td>\r\n<td>Any time after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\r\n<p><i>Note: Some states have different waiting periods for children with Native American birth parents.<\/i><\/p>\r\n<h2>Consent Process<\/h2>\r\n<p>In most states, consent for an adoption occurs with a notarized, written statement or an appearance before a judge.<\/p>\r\n<p>Some states also require that birth parents:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Be counseled by a social worker<\/li>\r\n<li>Be provided with an explanation of their rights<\/li>\r\n<li>Receive access to an attorney<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>If an adoption agency has custody of the child, an official at the agency will sign an affidavit of consent.<\/p>\r\n<p>In some states, underage birth parents must have an attorney before they can give consent. In other states, the minor&#8217;s birth parents themselves need to give consent. Otherwise, most states treat underage birth parents the same as adult birth parents.<\/p>\r\n<p>Even with consent, a home study is still required.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Revocation of Consent<\/h2>\r\n<p>Adoption laws on the revocation of consent vary. Once the parent of the child gives consent to an adoption, it can be very difficult to go back. A birth parent may revoke consent to the adoption in very limited circumstances in most states. Some states provide clear time periods where a party can revoke consent for any reason. The exceptions, where revocation is not available, are Idaho, Massachusetts, and Utah.<\/p>\r\n<p>Courts may permit revocation if&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/fraud.html\">fraud<\/a>&nbsp;or coercion tainted the agreement. They may also permit revocation if they find that it is in the best interests of the child.<\/p>\r\n<p>States vary in their rules for revoking consent. State limitations may change depending on the nature of the revocation and the time that has elapsed. So, some states may appear in multiple sections below.<\/p>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">State<\/th>\r\n<th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">When Parent(s) Can Revoke Adoption Consent<\/th>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Alabama<\/td>\r\n<td>Five days after childbirth or signing, whichever is later<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Alaska<\/td>\r\n<td>Ten days after signing; later, if the court finds it in the child&#8217;s best interest<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Arkansas<\/td>\r\n<td>Ten days after signing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>California<\/td>\r\n<td>30 days after signing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>District of Columbia<\/td>\r\n<td>14 days after signing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Georgia<\/td>\r\n<td>Four days after signing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Iowa<\/td>\r\n<td>96 hours after signing; at any other time, only if there was fraud, coercion, or material misrepresentation of fact or law<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Kentucky<\/td>\r\n<td>Three days after signing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Maine<\/td>\r\n<td>Five days after signing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Maryland<\/td>\r\n<td>30 days after signing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Minnesota<\/td>\r\n<td>10 working days after signing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>North Carolina<\/td>\r\n<td>Seven days after signing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Tennessee<\/td>\r\n<td>Three days after signing; if alleging fraud or duress, then must file within 30 days after signing for a court hearing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Texas<\/td>\r\n<td>10 days after signing (under limited circumstances)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Vermont<\/td>\r\n<td>21 days after signing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Virginia<\/td>\r\n<td>Seven days after signing (parental placement adoption); after the child is 10 days old, and seven days after executive of an entrustment agreement (agency adoption)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Washington<\/td>\r\n<td>At any time prior to filing the adoption decree<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\r\n<p>In some states, consent may be revoked at any time for the child&#8217;s best interest or if a court finds fraud, duress, or coercion. Those states are:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Arizona<\/li>\r\n<li>Florida<\/li>\r\n<li>Georgia<\/li>\r\n<li>Hawaii<\/li>\r\n<li>Iowa (requires clear and convincing evidence)<\/li>\r\n<li>Kansas (requires clear and convincing evidence consent was not voluntary; withdrawal must come before final adoption decree issues)<\/li>\r\n<li>Louisianna<\/li>\r\n<li>Mississippi (requires clear and convincing evidence)<\/li>\r\n<li>Nebraska (no statutory provision; based on caselaw)<\/li>\r\n<li>Nevada (no statutory provision; based on caselaw)<\/li>\r\n<li>New Hampshire (must raise before final decree issues)<\/li>\r\n<li>New Jersey (adoption agency can seek revocation)<\/li>\r\n<li>New Mexico (must raise before final decree issues)<\/li>\r\n<li>New York (also, if consent was made outside of court, may file revocation in 45 days and obtain hearing)<\/li>\r\n<li>North Dakota (must raise before final decree issues)<\/li>\r\n<li>Ohio (must raise before the interlocutory order or the final order when there is no interlocutory order)<\/li>\r\n<li>Oklahoma (conditions on when it must be raised)<\/li>\r\n<li>Oregon<\/li>\r\n<li>South Carolina (must raise before final decree)<\/li>\r\n<li>Tennessee (requires clear and convincing evidence)<\/li>\r\n<li>Utah (no statute; based on caselaw)<\/li>\r\n<li>Vermont (must raise before final decree)<\/li>\r\n<li>Virginia (must raise before final decree)<\/li>\r\n<li>West Virginia<\/li>\r\n<li>Wyoming<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>In other states, consent can be revoked to protect the best interests of the child or based on fraud or duress,&nbsp;<i>but only within a certain time period.&nbsp;<\/i>The table below outlines the time frames for these states.<\/p>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">State<\/th>\r\n<th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Revocation Time Period<\/th>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Alabama<\/td>\r\n<td>14 days if consistent with the child&#8217;s best interest; any time for fraud\/duress<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Colorado<\/td>\r\n<td>90 days of order, with clear and convincing evidence of fraud or duress<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Illinois<\/td>\r\n<td>By the mother or father within 12 months (fraud or duress); if the father consented before birth, he can also revoke consent in the first three days after the child&#8217;s birth<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Indiana<\/td>\r\n<td>15 days after signing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Michigan<\/td>\r\n<td>Five days after signing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Missouri<\/td>\r\n<td>Prior to filing the adoption decree; only if consent was not voluntary<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>North Carolina<\/td>\r\n<td>Five days<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Pennsylvania<\/td>\r\n<td>30 days or 60 days after signing or the birth of the child (depending on circumstances)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Rhode Island<\/td>\r\n<td>180 days after the decree or order is filed<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>South Dakota<\/td>\r\n<td>Two years from the date of termination of parental rights; no time bar on fraud claims<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Washington<\/td>\r\n<td>One year after the decree is filed<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td>Wisconsin<\/td>\r\n<td>30 days after the decree is filed<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\r\n<p>In a handful of states, consent may be revoked by mutual agreement of the parties at any time before the court has terminated any parental rights or a final adoption decree has been filed. Those states are:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Connecticut<\/li>\r\n<li>Montana<\/li>\r\n<li>Washington<\/li>\r\n<li>West Virginia<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>In North Carolina, if a parent revokes but then gives consent a second time, second consent is irrevocable.<\/p>\r\n<p>Some states also have different revocation periods for Native American children. For example, Washington allows revocation for Native American children for any reason before the entry of the final adoption decree.<\/p>\r\n<p>As you can see, the rules of revocation change depending on the state you live in and the nature of the revocation. If you are considering revocation of consent to an adoption decree, it is best to speak with legal professionals about your rights.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Learn More About Consent to Adoption by Talking to an Attorney<\/h2>\r\n<p>Family law provisions regarding adoption and birth parent rights can be complicated. They also vary from state to state. An adoption attorney can provide prospective adoptive parents with important adoption information and legal advice. If you have questions about consent to adoption, contact an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/adoption\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">adoption attorney<\/a>&nbsp;to discuss your situation.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" 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id=\"clip0_604_3418\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"><\/rect>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"No\"\n                value=\"no\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">No<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-down\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3423)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              d=\"M16 0.999995H18.67C19.236 0.989986 19.7859 1.18813 20.2154 1.55681C20.645 1.9255 20.9242 2.43905 21 3V10C20.9242 10.5609 20.645 11.0745 20.2154 11.4432C19.7859 11.8119 19.236 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class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Easy to understand\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                        >Easy to understand<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Solved my problem\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                        >Solved my problem<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--negative\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this not helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n                        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Missing Information\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Out of date\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                        >Out of date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\">\n        <div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    It is a good idea to have an attorney for complex adoptions\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    An attorney can ensure you meet all legal requirements and that your adoption is finalized appropriately\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    An attorney can help protect the best interests of adoptive children, adoptive families, and birth parents\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    For simple adoptions, you may be able to do the paperwork on your own or by using an agency\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>Get tailored advice at any point in the adoption process. Many attorneys offer free consultations.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link fl-flex\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link\">\n                <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <p class=\"find-attorney\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/adoption\/#USER_GEO\/?fli=esum:FL24\" title=\"Family Law Attorney Directory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Find a local attorney<\/a><\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"email-subscription fl-mb30\">\n    <div class=\"email-subscription-header\">\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-content\">\n            <h3 class=\"fl-callout-sm fl-no-margin\">Stay Up-to-Date With How the Law Affects Your Life<\/h3>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-image fl-flex fl-items-end\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\"\n                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             <div class=\"fl-image-card__content\">\n            <div class=\"action-card-layout\">\n                <h2 class=\"action-card-layout__heading\">\n                    Don&#8217;t Forget About Estate Planning\n                <\/h2>\n                <div class=\"action-card-layout__content fl-text-lg\">\n                    <p>Adopting a child is an ideal time to create or change your\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.findlaw.com%2Fforms%2Festate-planning.html&amp;data=05%7C01%7CBrittany.Walker%40thomsonreuters.com%7C2d4e4b227c9a4fb86af008dbda212946%7C62ccb8646a1a4b5d8e1c397dec1a8258%7C0%7C0%7C638343608191626949%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&amp;sdata=bi68%2BBAgQTWdqe0Zw10fMvZVQGWNTvAvVB4MyPzLqd8%3D&amp;reserved=0\">estate<\/a><span style=\"background-color: transparent;font-weight: normal;\"> <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.findlaw.com%2Fforms%2Festate-planning.html&amp;data=05%7C01%7CBrittany.Walker%40thomsonreuters.com%7C2d4e4b227c9a4fb86af008dbda212946%7C62ccb8646a1a4b5d8e1c397dec1a8258%7C0%7C0%7C638343608191626949%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&amp;sdata=bi68%2BBAgQTWdqe0Zw10fMvZVQGWNTvAvVB4MyPzLqd8%3D&amp;reserved=0\">planning forms<\/a><span style=\"background-color: transparent;font-weight: normal;\">. Take the time to add new beneficiaries to your will and name a guardian for any minor children. Consider creating a financial power of attorney so your agent can pay bills and make sure your children are provided for. A health care directive explains your health care decisions and takes the decision-making burden off your children when they become adults.<\/span><\/p>\n\n                <\/div>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/estate-planning.html\" class=\"action-card-layout__button fl-button fl-link-button secondary\">\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Start Planning<\/span>\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <\/a>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A parent&#8217;s rights are among the strongest legal rights held in the United States. That&#8217;s why a parent must consent to adoption before a child is legally placed with another family (with some exceptions). Learn more about this and similar topics at FindLaw&#8217;s section on How to Adopt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41135,"featured_media":0,"parent":351545,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/ArticleWithBreadcrumbsController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":[]},"categories":[2730],"tags":[],"state_laws_tags":[],"flmsa":[],"class_list":["post-351565","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-family"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/351565","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/41135"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=351565"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/351565\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":398723,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/351565\/revisions\/398723"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/351545"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=351565"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=351565"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=351565"},{"taxonomy":"state_laws_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/state_laws_tags?post=351565"},{"taxonomy":"flmsa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/flmsa?post=351565"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}