{"id":351821,"date":"2016-04-04T10:46:03","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:46:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/family\/domestic-violence\/stopping-domestic-violence.html"},"modified":"2025-02-07T14:43:45","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T19:43:45","slug":"stopping-domestic-violence","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/domestic-violence\/stopping-domestic-violence.html","title":{"rendered":"Legal Options to Stop Domestic Violence"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Legal Options to Stop Domestic Violence<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/susan-buckner-j-d\/\">Susan Buckner, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/laura-temme-esq\/\">Laura Temme, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            February 07, 2025\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n    <div class=\"fl-callout-text article-blockquote\">\n        <p>Domestic violence law offers several legal remedies for survivors seeking to break free from abusive dynamics. Key options include restraining orders, which limit an abuser&#8217;s proximity to the victim and may extend to their workplace and home. Survivors might also pursue civil lawsuits for damages or engage in criminal proceedings where the state prosecutes the alleged abuser.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehotline.org\/is-this-abuse\/abuse-defined\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Domestic Violence Hotline<\/a><b> <\/b>defines domestic violence as a pattern of behaviors used by one partner to control another partner in an intimate relationship. Other terms used for these behaviors are \u201cdomestic abuse\u201d and \u201cintimate partner violence.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p>The individuals in an abusive relationship are not always married partners. Domestic violence occurs between spouses, unmarried couples, parents and children, and roommates.<\/p>\r\n<p>Survivors of domestic violence can face physical abuse and mental health issues even after breaking the domestic violence cycle. However, there are legal options to help survivors and their friends and family end domestic violence. Continue reading to learn how to get help and access social services.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>A Brief Definition of Domestic Violence<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Domestic violence is more than physical harm. Experts now know <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/domestic-violence\/types-of-domestic-violence.html\">domestic abuse<\/a> takes many forms, including:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Emotional and psychological abuse<\/li>\r\n<li>Financial abuse<\/li>\r\n<li>Sexual violence<\/li>\r\n<li>Isolation and intimidation<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Domestic violence affects all members of the household, even if they are not the victims. Children who witness parents engaged in abusive behavior are more likely to become abusers and victims later in life.<\/p>\r\n<p>Both men and women can be victims of intimate partner violence. Domestic violence occurs in all households and among all socioeconomic groups. Cultural and social constraints can make some victims reluctant to discuss domestic violence. However, no group or gender is immune.<\/p>\r\n<p>The legal system offers protection to all victims and survivors of domestic abuse. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehotline.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Domestic Violence Hotline<\/a> (1.800.799.SAFE (7233)<b> <\/b>is available 24\/7 with phone, text, chat, and TTD access.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Domestic Violence Laws<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>In 1994, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehotline.org\/resources\/violence-against-women-act-vawa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Violence Against Women Act<\/a>&nbsp;(VAWA) established the National Domestic Violence Hotline and provided funding for state and local domestic violence programs. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/domestic-violence\/federal-domestic-violence-legislation-the-violence-against-women.html\">VAWA<\/a> also:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Criminalizes travel between states to harm family members or violate restraining orders<\/li>\r\n<li>Ended court fees for processing restraining orders<\/li>\r\n<li>Expands the federal Gun Control Act to prevent offenders convicted of domestic violence from owning or possessing firearms<\/li>\r\n<li>Created \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/visas\/immigration-visas-for-battered-spouses-and-children.html\">domestic violence green cards<\/a>\u201d for undocumented victims of domestic violence<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>VAWA funding helped <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/domestic-violence\/domestic-violence-information-by-state.html\">states expand their domestic violence laws<\/a>. State laws include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Increased domestic violence advocacy<\/li>\r\n<li>Mandatory arrest laws for batterers<\/li>\r\n<li>Emergency restraining orders and ex parte orders<\/li>\r\n<li>Enhanced criminal charges for abusers<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><b>Legal Options for Survivors of Domestic Violence<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Note: These options should be part of your safety plan. These legal protections may increase your risk of physical harm. The most dangerous time of an abusive relationship is when the victim takes charge and attempts to leave, disrupting the power balance. Consult an attorney or counselor about the proper time to take these steps.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Restraining Orders<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/domestic-violence\/domestic-violence-orders-of-protection-and-restraining-orders.html\">restraining order<\/a>, also called a protective order, is a court order limiting the offender\u2019s access to the protected person. A restraining order generally restricts how close the offender can come to the protected person. It may limit how close they can come to the person\u2019s house, workplace, and vehicle.<\/p>\r\n<p>Restraining orders can also limit the offender\u2019s access to other family members and the person\u2019s co-workers. The court may order the offender to surrender their firearms, pay spousal or child support, or attend anger management classes.<\/p>\r\n<p>A <b>temporary restraining order<\/b> (TRO, or ex parte order) is issued on an emergency basis. Victims of crime can get TROs by going to court and telling the judge they are in extreme danger and must have an order before the other party receives notice of the hearing. To get a TRO, you must:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Show you are at immediate risk of physical violence<\/li>\r\n<li>Provide evidence of an imminent threat from your abuser<\/li>\r\n<li>Complete other court documents<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>In some states, like California, if you have been a victim of physical abuse, stalking, or threats, you will not have to pay filing fees. If you are indigent, you can request a fee waiver at the time you file your request.<\/p>\r\n<p>A TRO only lasts for a brief time, usually two weeks to 30 days. The judge will set a hearing date to determine if the order should become permanent. The other party must receive notice of this hearing.<\/p>\r\n<p>Remember, restraining orders are not magic shields. They only provide law enforcement with immediate grounds to remove the offender from the premises if they violate the terms of the order. You must still contact the police department if the offender violates the order.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Domestic Violence Civil Lawsuits<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>It is possible to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/domestic-violence\/filing-a-domestic-violence-lawsuit.html\">sue a domestic abuser<\/a> in civil court. In most cases, victims file for divorce following domestic abuse. In cases of domestic partnerships, couples must still go to court for child custody and child support.<\/p>\r\n<p>However, it is possible to sue family members in civil court for intentional torts, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/civil-assault-cases.html\" title=\"assault\">assault<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/intentional-infliction-of-emotional-distress.html\" title=\"intentional infliction of emotional distress\">intentional infliction of emotional distress<\/a>. Louisiana is the only state that does not allow spouses to sue for torts.<\/p>\r\n<p>Bringing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries.html\" title=\"tort claim\">tort claim<\/a> against a spouse or former spouse can add a layer of stress to an already stressful situation. It can also increase the risk of harm to the victim and the family. On the other hand, it can give the survivor a measure of control and empowerment. It might help to discuss the matter with an attorney before proceeding.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Criminal Cases<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>Prosecutors can charge domestic violence<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/domestic-violence.html\"> as a felony or misdemeanor<\/a>, depending on the nature of the offense. Many states, like California and New York, have mandatory arrest policies in domestic violence cases. Police must arrest the primary aggressor regardless of the victim\u2019s request. In California, the state presses criminal charges even if the victim refuses, so the aggressor must go to court and face a judge.<\/p>\r\n<p>These laws exist because, in the past, many domestic violence victims refused to press charges against their abusers. Domestic violence cases required a \u201ccomplaining witness\u201d to prosecute. Today, the state can prosecute as long as there is sufficient evidence.<\/p>\r\n<p>If the victim agrees to cooperate and testify against the abuser, it increases the likelihood that the offender will get convicted. This means facing one\u2019s abuser in court, so victims may need help from domestic violence counselors.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Get Legal Advice from a Family Law Attorney<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Both the victim and aggressor need <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">legal services <\/a>in a domestic violence case. The victim needs <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/domestic-violence\/?fli=dcta\" title=\"legal support to protect their safety\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">legal support to protect their safety<\/a> and begin working on recovering their lives. Alleged aggressors may be facing criminal charges and could need help from a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/?fli=dcta\" title=\"criminal defense attorney\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">criminal defense attorney<\/a> to restore their family rights.<\/p>\r\n<p>Any individuals involved in domestic violence cases should request legal help, either from the family courts or through local domestic violence shelters. Contact The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehotline.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Domestic Violence Hotline<\/a> (<a href=\"http:\/\/1.800.799.safe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">1.800.799.SAFE<\/a> (7233)<b> <\/b>any time for referrals to local aid centers.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" 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11.0745 20.2154 11.4432C19.7859 11.8119 19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action 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was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\">\n        <div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Victims of domestic violence can press charges against their abuser\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    The ability or requirements to press charges varies in each state\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Contacting a family law attorney or advocacy groups for advice is essential\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>Some attorneys represent victims of domestic violence. Others defend the rights of those accused of domestic abuse or other related crimes. 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