{"id":351859,"date":"2016-04-04T11:02:38","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T16:02:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/family\/guardianship\/guardianship-of-incapacitated-or-disabled-persons.html"},"modified":"2025-02-24T11:18:00","modified_gmt":"2025-02-24T16:18:00","slug":"guardianship-of-incapacitated-or-disabled-persons","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/guardianship\/guardianship-of-incapacitated-or-disabled-persons.html","title":{"rendered":"Guardianship of Incapacitated or Disabled Adults"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Guardianship of Incapacitated or Disabled Adults<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/natalie-moritz\/\">Natalie Moritz<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/aisha-success-esq\/\">Aisha Success, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            February 24, 2025\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n    <div class=\"fl-callout-text article-blockquote\">\n        <p>In an adult guardianship, the legal guardian makes decisions for incapacitated or disabled adults. Guardianships can be necessary for adults who, due to conditions like severe mental illness, developmental disabilities, or sudden incapacities, cannot make informed decisions about their personal care or financial matters.<\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n<p>Some adults may not have the capacity to make their own decisions. This includes health care decisions or decisions about their financial affairs (conservatorship). Courts have to establish guardianships via court order. Courts typically appoint guardians if it is the less restrictive alternative.<\/p>\n<p>For example, a person is in a coma due to a car accident. Without a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/health-care-laws\/durable-power-of-attorney.html\">durable power of attorney<\/a>&nbsp;or a directive, the court will appoint a guardian to decide for the comatose person. This also includes financial and non-financial decisions through a conservatorship.<\/p>\n<p>This is important for several reasons. An appointed guardian for an incapacitated adult manages several aspects of the ward\u2019s life, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bank accounts real estate<\/li>\n<li>Financial affairs and bill paying during the period of incapacity<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/estate\/living-will.html\">Medical care decisions<\/a> and dealing directly with healthcare providers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>When is Legal Guardianship of an Adult Necessary?<\/h2>\n<p>Adults can become incapacitated in several ways:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A person born with intellectual or developmental disabilities transitions into adulthood<\/li>\n<li>A loved one&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/elder\/elder-care-law\/legal-issues-caring-for-parents-with-dementia.html\">loses their memory<\/a>&nbsp;as they grow older<\/li>\n<li>An adult may have a severe mental illness<\/li>\n<li>Unexpected physical illness or disability&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In each instance, an incapacitated adult needs protection and assistance with making legal decisions on their own. Legal guardians appointed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/guardianship\/guardianship-of-incapacitated-or-disabled-persons.html\">to care for an adult<\/a>&nbsp;have strong decision-making powers.<\/p>\n<p>They make decisions about the adult&#8217;s healthcare and medical treatment. They also determine the adult&#8217;s needs and well-being, including where they will reside. They can also manage the adult&#8217;s financial affairs (guardian of property) and may have the power to make decisions about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/estate.html\">estate planning<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Poor mental health and physical disability can involve severe and long-term conditions. These can limit an individual&#8217;s ability to take care of themselves. This includes mental illness and developmental disabilities. Some disabled persons may be unable to express themselves, earn a living, or live independently.<\/p>\n<h2>Types of Guardianships for Incapacitated Adults<\/h2>\n<p>Incapacity reflects the necessity for a combination of treatments and services. There are several different types of guardianships. The appointment of a guardian is based on the circumstances of each guardianship case.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/guardianship.html\">Guardianship<\/a>&nbsp;for incapacitated persons is a measure meant to ensure the self-determination and well-being of the ward. A guardianship is reasonable to allow some wards to exercise control over their lives while maintaining dignity and self-reliance.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In a conservatorship, the conservator explicitly manages the ward&#8217;s financial affairs. This includes an adult with special needs. The desires of the wards are given primary consideration, and wards are allowed to do as much of their own caregiving as is physically and mentally possible.<\/p>\n<p>The fundamental legal rights of an incapacitated adult do not change when a guardian of the person is appointed. This is not limited to full guardianships. It also applies when a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/guardianship\/testamentary-vs-temporary-guardianship.html\">temporary guardianship<\/a>, guardian ad litem, limited guardianship, or guardian of the estate is appointed.<\/p>\n<h2>What Powers Does a Guardian Have?<\/h2>\n<p>Guardians are granted only those powers necessary to accomplish what the disabled or incapacitated person cannot accomplish independently. These powers depend on what type of guardianship has been given. They may include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Assuring the well-being and maintenance of care for the ward<\/li>\n<li>Making financial decisions for the ward<\/li>\n<li>Making medical decisions for the ward<\/li>\n<li>Ensuring that education and health care are adequately maintained<\/li>\n<li>Being the representative payee for monies owed to the ward<\/li>\n<li>Submitting updates to the court<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>These updates cover the ward&#8217;s living situation and mental and physical health status and are based on medical examinations and official records. The guardian must also provide a list of services the ward receives, including <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/socialsecurity\/basics.html\">social security<\/a> and legal services.<\/p>\n<p>In some guardianship cases, the legal guardian may provide supported decision-making. This means that the legal guardian helps the incapacitated person make decisions.<\/p>\n<p>Guardianships of the person are helpful when the incapacitated person is in a nursing home. A guardian, in this instance, would help ensure the ward <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/nursing-home-abuse-claims.html\">is not experiencing abuse<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Guardians aren&#8217;t expected to micromanage a ward&#8217;s life\u2014they\u2019re not providing caretaking services. One way to think of it is as providing decision-making services. Guardians step in when necessary to make decisions and consent to things the incapacitated person cannot do on their own. That is the limit of their duties.<\/p>\n<h2>How Does the Court Choose a Guardian for a Disabled Person?<\/h2>\n<p>To be chosen, a&nbsp;guardian&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/guardianship\/guardianship-basics.html\">must be qualified<\/a>. Qualifications differ on a state-by-state basis. In general, a guardian must be a legal adult (18 years of age) and cannot have a felony or gross misdemeanor record implicating dishonesty (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/forgery.html\">forgery<\/a>, bribery, etc.).<\/p>\n<p>They must be willing to manage the incapacitated person&#8217;s affairs and advocate for them. The guardian must themselves not have an incapacity.<\/p>\n<p>A probate court or family court will&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/guardianship\/ten-things-to-think-about-choosing-a-guardian.html\">choose a guardian<\/a>&nbsp;based on the ward&#8217;s expressed wishes. This is only in cases where the ward can express their wishes. If the ward cannot express their desires, the court will decide based on a few factors. These include the nomination of a proposed guardian by an adult, durable power of attorney, or a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/estate\/wills.html\">will<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>If there&#8217;s no durable power of attorney, the courts prefer to appoint a spouse, parents, adult children, or another family member.<\/p>\n<h2>Steps To Terminate Legal Guardianship for an Adult With Disabilities<\/h2>\n<p>Terminating guardianship for an incapacitated adult is a&nbsp;legal process&nbsp;that requires the court. This may occur if the ward\u2019s physical or mental competency improves and they can manage their affairs independently. It can also occur due to guardian misconduct, such as failure to act in the ward\u2019s best interests.<\/p>\n<p>The specific process to end an adult guardianship <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/guardianship\/examples-of-state-laws-on-guardianships.html\">depends on the state<\/a>, but there are some general steps to expect:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Collect any supporting evidence or documentation that supports the request to terminate the guardianship. This can include medical information, financial records, and testimonies.<\/li>\n<li>Request the termination of guardianship by filing a petition with the court&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/guardianship\/state-guardianships-forms.html\">where the guardianship was established<\/a>. This petition should explain the reasons for the termination and include any supporting documents.<\/li>\n<li>Notify all parties affected by the guardianship about the petition to terminate.<\/li>\n<li>Attend a court hearing. The court will consider all evidence to decide whether termination is in the best interest of the ward.<\/li>\n<li>After considering the information and supporting evidence, the court will issue a decision. If the court approves the termination, it will issue an order to end the guardianship.<\/li>\n<li>If the guardianship is terminated, you must transfer responsibilities and rights back to the ward or to another appointed guardian.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>You may want professional legal help when ending a guardianship. A <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/family-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">family law attorney<\/a> who understands your area\u2019s laws and procedures can help you navigate this process.<\/p>\n<h2>Make Your Wishes Known: Talk to a Family Law Attorney Today<\/h2>\n<p>If you&#8217;re concerned about potential incapacity and having the court appoint a guardian for you, find a qualified family law attorney for legal advice. They can help you execute a durable power of attorney and a legal will.<\/p>\n<p>Preparing for the guardianship process ahead of time will help your proposed guardian gain the power to take care of you if you become incapacitated. This may not include an unexpected or disqualifying circumstance. Find a local&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/family-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">family law attorney<\/a>&nbsp;today to help you through this legal process.<\/p>\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n    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          class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\">\n        <div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Guardianship is always a court process\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    An attorney can help file a guardianship petition and represent your interests\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Legal advice during the planning, court processes, and interviews is helpful\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Your attorney can help you understand the final decision from the court\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>Get tailored advice for becoming or appointing a legal guardian. 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             <div class=\"fl-image-card__content\">\n            <div class=\"action-card-layout\">\n                <h2 class=\"action-card-layout__heading\">\n                    Don&#8217;t Forget About Estate Planning\n                <\/h2>\n                <div class=\"action-card-layout__content fl-text-lg\">\n                    <p>Once new guardianship arrangements are in place, it\u2019s an ideal time to create or change your&nbsp;<a title=\"DIY Forms\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/estate-planning.html\">estate planning forms<\/a>. Take the time to add new beneficiaries to your will. Consider creating a financial power of attorney so your agent can pay bills and make sure your children are provided for. A health care directive explains your health care decisions. It takes the decision-making burden off your children when they become adults.<\/p>\n\n                <\/div>\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/estate-planning.html\" class=\"action-card-layout__button fl-button fl-link-button secondary\">\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Start Planning<\/span>\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <\/a>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Disabled or incapacitated persons may need a legal guardian. FindLaw explains why an adult may need a guardian and how to become a guardian.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41135,"featured_media":0,"parent":351854,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/ArticleWithBreadcrumbsController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":[]},"categories":[2730],"tags":[],"state_laws_tags":[],"flmsa":[],"class_list":["post-351859","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-family"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/351859","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/41135"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=351859"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/351859\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/351854"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=351859"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=351859"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=351859"},{"taxonomy":"state_laws_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/state_laws_tags?post=351859"},{"taxonomy":"flmsa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/flmsa?post=351859"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}