{"id":351912,"date":"2016-04-04T11:02:42","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T16:02:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/family\/marriage\/same-sex-green-card-marriage-facts.html"},"modified":"2023-03-20T13:52:52","modified_gmt":"2023-03-20T18:52:52","slug":"same-sex-green-card-marriage-facts","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/marriage\/same-sex-green-card-marriage-facts.html","title":{"rendered":"Same Sex Green Card Marriage Facts"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Same Sex &#039;Green Card Marriage&#039; Facts<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/jade-yeban-j-d\/\">Jade Yeban, Esq.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/nicole-prebeck-esq\/\">Nicole Prebeck, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last reviewed\n        <time>\n                            March 20, 2023\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n    <div class=\"fl-callout-text article-blockquote\">\n        <p>Same-sex couples are treated the same as heterosexual couples when applying for lawful permanent residency (a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/visas\/getting-a-green-card.html\">green card<\/a>) for a foreign spouse under U.S. immigration laws.<\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h2>History of Same-Sex Marriage Laws<\/h2>\r\n<p>In 1982,&nbsp;<i>Adams v. Howerton<\/i>&nbsp;established that same-sex couples did not qualify as spouses for purposes of U.S. immigration. This decision was regardless of whether same-sex marriage was legal in the U.S. state where they got married.<\/p>\r\n<p>The effects of that Supreme Court decision lasted for over 30 years. The decision prevented gay couples and lesbian couples from qualifying for the preferential treatment and protections afforded to spouses in heterosexual marriages.<\/p>\r\n<p>In&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/us-supreme-court\/12-307.html\" class=\"atom_link atom_valid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>United States v. Windsor&nbsp;<\/i>(2013)<\/a>, the Department of Homeland Security announced that it would no longer follow that ruling when processing visa applications. The decision ruled that the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) was unconstitutional because it violated equal protection and due process laws.<\/p>\r\n<p>Two years later, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supreme.findlaw.com\/supreme-court-insights\/obergefell-v--hodges-case-summary-and-significance.html\" class=\"atom_link atom_valid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Obergefell v. Hodges<\/i><\/a>&nbsp;(2015) that gay marriage is legal in all states.<\/p>\r\n<p>Learn more about the intersection of same-sex marriage and immigration in this article.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Proving an Existing Marriage<\/h2>\r\n<p>Were you married within or outside of the U.S. or U.S. territories? There are two potential issues that might concern U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) if you were married outside of the U.S.:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Lawful forms of marriage<\/li>\r\n<li>The legality of same-sex marriage in another country<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Lawful Forms of Marriage<\/h3>\r\n<p>Some forms of marriage are valid elsewhere in the world but not in the U.S., such as polygamy or marriage by local custom.<\/p>\r\n<p>You have a valid marriage in the United States if:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Your marriage was legally valid in the country in which it occurred<\/li>\r\n<li>It is not on the list of unacceptable forms of marriage found in the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/policy-manual\/volume-12-part-g-chapter-2\" class=\"atom_link atom_valid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USCIS Policy Manual<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Same-sex marriages are not legal in every country. This could create a situation where a couple was &quot;married by local custom&quot; but could not be married under the country&#8217;s laws.<\/p>\r\n<p>Because this form of marriage is not accepted by USCIS, the couple will need to legally remarry. The U.S. citizen partner can request a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/travel.state.gov\/content\/travel\/en\/us-visas\/immigrate\/family-immigration\/nonimmigrant-visa-for-a-fiance-k-1.html\" class=\"atom_link atom_valid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">K-1 visa<\/a>, a nonimmigrant visa for a fianc\u00e9.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Same-Sex Marriage: Green Card Investigation<\/h3>\r\n<p>The phrase &quot;green card marriage&quot; or &quot;marriage-based green card&quot; has a negative connotation of marrying only to get a green card. Any marriage that forms the basis for a spouse&#8217;s immigration application must be a bona fide marriage.<\/p>\r\n<p>The USCIS may suspect a marriage is a sham entered into only to get one spouse a green card. If they have suspicions, they have the authority to investigate.<\/p>\r\n<p>They will visit your home and talk to your neighbors, friends, and family members. They will also conduct green card interviews.<\/p>\r\n<p>They may examine your social media, family photo albums, rental leases, and financial records (including whether you have joint bank accounts) to determine whether you live and operate as a couple.<\/p>\r\n<p>USCIS does not treat same-sex relationships any differently than spouses in opposite-sex marriages. If you are concerned about proving the validity of your marriage, or if you believe you have been discriminated against by a USCIS officer, get help from an experienced immigration attorney in your area.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Petitioning for Lawful Permanent Residency for Your Same-Sex Spouse<\/h2>\r\n<p>You can sponsor your same-sex spouse for a family-based immigrant visa if:<\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n<li>You are a U.S. citizen; or<\/li>\r\n<li>You are a lawful permanent resident with a foreign national spouse<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p>Your&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/family\/same-sex-marriages\" class=\"atom_link atom_valid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">petition for your spouse<\/a>&nbsp;and your spouse&#8217;s admissibility as an immigrant is determined according to immigration laws of the U.S. government. You must file&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/i-130\" class=\"atom_link atom_valid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Form I-130<\/a>&nbsp;(Petition for Alien Relative) and any required accompanying material.<\/p>\r\n<p>Generally, the law of the state where your marriage license was issued determines whether a marriage is legally valid.<\/p>\r\n<p>The USCIS views same-sex marriage as valid as long as it is legally commenced. You can file an immigration visa petition for your spouse even if you have moved to another state after getting married.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Naturalization and Length of Residency for a Spouse in a Same-Sex Marriage<\/h2>\r\n<p>After being admitted to the U.S. as a lawful permanent resident, an immigrant green card holder is generally required to live within the U.S. for five years before formally becoming a U.S. citizen. This adjustment of status process is called &quot;naturalization.&quot;<\/p>\r\n<p>That naturalization period is reduced to 14-26 months if you have been living in a same-sex marriage with a U.S. citizen spouse.<\/p>\r\n<h2>How Long Do I Need To Be Married To Get a Green Card?<\/h2>\r\n<p>The USCIS will grant you conditional permanent residence for two years. After the two years passes you must file Form I-751.<\/p>\r\n<p>When approved, this form removes the conditions of your residence in the U.S. After that, you will get a permanent green card.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Get Legal Help With Your Same-Sex Partner&#8217;s Green Card<\/h2>\r\n<p>Marriage equality is the law of the land. The potential for confusion arises in other areas, such as whether same-sex marriage was legal when it commenced.<\/p>\r\n<p>Informal civil unions, not legally recognized by a state, are the ones that are likely to need clarification.<\/p>\r\n<p>An immigration lawyer can help you navigate difficult issues, such as<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Complete your green card application<\/li>\r\n<li>Prepare for your green card interview<\/li>\r\n<li>Apply for a K-1 fianc\u00e9 visa<\/li>\r\n<li>Review your eligibility for a green card<\/li>\r\n<li>Provide other legal advice about the green card process<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Working with an immigration attorney, especially one with experience helping LGBTQ+ married couples get green cards, can help smooth the way forward. Talk to an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/immigration-naturalization-law\/?fli=dcta\" class=\"atom_link atom_valid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">immigration attorney<\/a>&nbsp;today.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Related Resources<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/visas\/bringing-a-spouse-to-live-in-the-u-s.html\" class=\"atom_link atom_valid\">Spouse Immigration<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/visas\/who-may-obtain-a-green-card.html\" class=\"atom_link atom_valid\">Who May Obtain a Green Card<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/visas\/eligibility-and-preference-categories.html\" class=\"atom_link atom_valid\">Who Can Sponsor a Relative<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n         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21.0055 18.2304 20.8364 18.5979 20.524C18.9654 20.2116 19.2077 19.7769 19.28 19.3L20.66 10.3C20.7035 10.0134 20.6842 9.72068 20.6033 9.44225C20.5225 9.16382 20.3821 8.90629 20.1919 8.68751C20.0016 8.46873 19.7661 8.29393 19.5016 8.17522C19.2371 8.0565 18.9499 7.99672 18.66 8H13Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n                              stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3418\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"><\/rect>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"No\"\n                value=\"no\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">No<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-down\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3423)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              d=\"M16 0.999995H18.67C19.236 0.989986 19.7859 1.18813 20.2154 1.55681C20.645 1.9255 20.9242 2.43905 21 3V10C20.9242 10.5609 20.645 11.0745 20.2154 11.4432C19.7859 11.8119 19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Easy to understand\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                        >Easy to understand<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex 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class=\"fl-image-card\">\n                <div class=\"fl-image-card__content\">\n            <div class=\"action-card-layout\">\n                <h2 class=\"action-card-layout__heading\">\n                    Don&#8217;t Forget About Estate Planning\n                <\/h2>\n                <div class=\"action-card-layout__content fl-text-lg\">\n                    <p>Marriage is an ideal time to create or change your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/estate-planning.html\" title=\"DIY Estate Planning Forms\">estate planning forms<\/a>. 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