{"id":351944,"date":"2016-04-04T10:46:10","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:46:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/family\/paternity.html"},"modified":"2025-01-29T17:46:00","modified_gmt":"2025-01-29T22:46:00","slug":"paternity","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity.html","title":{"rendered":"Paternity"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <div\n    data-testid=\"fl-general-title\"\n    class=\"fl-general-title fl-flex fl-gap20 fl-items-end\"\n>\n    <div class=\"fl-general-title-heading fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n        <h1\n            class=\"fl-h1 fl-general-title-title fl-no-spacing\"\n            data-testid=\"fl-general-title-title\"\n        >\n            Paternity\n        <\/h1>\n        <p\n            class=\"fl-general-title-description fl-text-xl fl-no-margin\"\n            data-testid=\"fl-general-title-description\"\n        >\n            Establishing paternity is crucial for various legal matters including child support, custody, and inheritance rights. It can be affirmed voluntarily or involuntarily by court order, often with genetic testing. This recognition impacts parental rights, financial responsibilities, and the child&#8217;s entitlement to benefits.\n        <\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/john-mascolo-esq\/\">John Mascolo, Esq.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/joseph-fawbush-esq\/\">Joseph Fawbush, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last reviewed\n        <time>\n                            January 29, 2025\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>Paternity&nbsp;is the status of being a father, either biologically or as the legal status of a relationship as a father to a child. Most states today refer to paternity as the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-introduction.html\">legal establishment<\/a> of the identity of the father of a child. States may use the term &quot;biological father of a child&quot; or &quot;natural&quot; father of the child. In the end, paternity tells us the legal father of a child.<\/p>\n<p>Not every family begins in the traditional way. There are times when we need to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/chronology-establishing-paternity.html\">identify a child&#8217;s biological father<\/a>. Paternity establishment is a major factor in cases involving:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Child support<\/li>\n<li>Child custody<\/li>\n<li>Adoption<\/li>\n<li>Inheritance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Establishing paternity can help a mother obtain a child support order. It may also help estranged fathers obtain a court order granting them child custody or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/the-result-the-parenting-agreement.html\">parenting time<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The Paternity section of FindLaw&#8217;s&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family.html\">Family Law Center<\/a>&nbsp;can provide you with the methods of establishing paternity and the legal effects of fatherhood. This section discusses the legal concept of parentage and explains the key administrative and court proceedings.<\/p>\n<p>The articles in this section provide state-specific information on paternity laws and procedures. You will find information on establishing paternity, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/challenging-paternity.html\">challenging paternity<\/a>, and types of paternity tests. You will find links to paternity forms, resources, and more.<\/p>\n<h2>Paternity: Legal Rights and Other Effects<\/h2>\n<p>Some legal effects of paternity are obvious, like liability for a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-support\/how-much-child-support-will-you-pay.html\">share of child support<\/a>. Other effects are not so apparent, such as the right of a father asserting paternity to refuse consent to an adoption. A father claiming paternity can also gain child custody and visitation rights.<\/p>\n<p>Paternity is equally important for the child&#8217;s mother, who may be able to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-support\/how-much-child-support-can-you-receive.html\">secure financial support<\/a> for the child. At the same time, the family court may now require her to share child custody and parenting time with the father.<\/p>\n<p>For the child, establishing paternity could provide the child with legal rights, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Access to worker&#8217;s compensation<\/li>\n<li>Veteran&#8217;s benefits<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/socialsecurity\/basics\/social-security-survivor-benefits-for-children.html\">Survivor benefits<\/a> of the father<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Paternity may give a child the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/estate\/wills\/inheritance-law-and-your-rights.html\">right to an inheritance<\/a>. Paternity can also grant rights to a child for social security benefits, health insurance, and public assistance through the child&#8217;s father. Knowing the biological father of a child can provide relevant medical history from the father&#8217;s side of the family. Contact and emotional support from both parents can also provide other positive outcomes in a child&#8217;s life.<\/p>\n\n<div\n    class=\"fl-category-overview\"\n    data-testid=\"fl-category-overview\"\n>\n    <div\n        class=\"fl-accordion fl-category-overview-container\"\n        id=\"category-overview\"\n        data-testid=\"fl-accordion\"\n    >\n                    <div\n               class=\"fl-accordion-item fl-category-overview-item\"\n               id=\"section-1-category-overview\"\n               aria-labelledby=\"button-1-category-overview\"\n               data-testid=\"fl-accordion-item\"\n            >\n                <h2\n                    class=\"fl-accordion-header fl-flex fl-items-center fl-justify-between fl-no-margin\"\n                    data-testid=\"fl-accordion-header\"\n                >\n                    <button\n                        id=\"button-1-category-overview\"\n                        aria-label=\"Category 1 content\"\n                        aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                        aria-controls=\"section-1-category-overview\"\n                        class=\"fl-accordion-button fl-flex fl-flex-auto fl-justify-between\"\n                        type=\"button\"\n                    >\n                        Paternity Laws &#038; Definitions\n                        <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                            <i\n                                class=\"fa fa-angle-down small\"\n                                aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                            ><\/i>\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                <\/h2>\n                <div\n                    class=\"fl-accordion-content\"\n                    data-testid=\"fl-accordion-content\"\n                    id=\"content-1-category-overview\"\n                >\n                    <ul class=\"fl-no-margin fl-list\">\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/legal-significance-of-paternity.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Legal Significance of Paternity<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-tests-blood-tests-and-dna.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Paternity Blood Tests and DNA<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-suit-faqs.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Paternity Suit FAQs<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/legal-definition-of-father-by-state.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>How States Define &#039;Putative Father&#039; and &#039;Presumptive Father&#039;<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-leave.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Paternity Leave, FMLA, and State Parental Leave Laws<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <\/ul>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div\n               class=\"fl-accordion-item fl-category-overview-item\"\n               id=\"section-2-category-overview\"\n               aria-labelledby=\"button-2-category-overview\"\n               data-testid=\"fl-accordion-item\"\n            >\n                <h2\n                    class=\"fl-accordion-header fl-flex fl-items-center fl-justify-between fl-no-margin\"\n                    data-testid=\"fl-accordion-header\"\n                >\n                    <button\n                        id=\"button-2-category-overview\"\n                        aria-label=\"Category 1 content\"\n                        aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                        aria-controls=\"section-2-category-overview\"\n                        class=\"fl-accordion-button fl-flex fl-flex-auto fl-justify-between\"\n                        type=\"button\"\n                    >\n                        Fathers&#8217; Rights\n                        <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                            <i\n                                class=\"fa fa-angle-down small\"\n                                aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                            ><\/i>\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                <\/h2>\n                <div\n                    class=\"fl-accordion-content\"\n                    data-testid=\"fl-accordion-content\"\n                    id=\"content-2-category-overview\"\n                >\n                    <ul class=\"fl-no-margin fl-list\">\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/child-visitation-child-custody-and-unmarried-fathers.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Child Custody and Visitation Rights for Unmarried Fathers<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/parental-rights-unmarried-fathers-and-adoption.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Parental Rights: Unmarried Fathers and Adoption<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/fathers-rights.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Fathers&#039; Rights<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/fathers-rights-and-abortion.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Fathers&#039; Rights and Abortion<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/fathers-rights-and-fmla.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Fathers&#039; Rights and FMLA<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/fathers-rights-before-birth.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Fathers&#039; Rights Before Birth<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/fathers-rights-to-school-and-medical-records.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Fathers&#039; Rights to School and Medical Records<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <\/ul>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div\n               class=\"fl-accordion-item fl-category-overview-item\"\n               id=\"section-3-category-overview\"\n               aria-labelledby=\"button-3-category-overview\"\n               data-testid=\"fl-accordion-item\"\n            >\n                <h2\n                    class=\"fl-accordion-header fl-flex fl-items-center fl-justify-between fl-no-margin\"\n                    data-testid=\"fl-accordion-header\"\n                >\n                    <button\n                        id=\"button-3-category-overview\"\n                        aria-label=\"Category 1 content\"\n                        aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                        aria-controls=\"section-3-category-overview\"\n                        class=\"fl-accordion-button fl-flex fl-flex-auto fl-justify-between\"\n                        type=\"button\"\n                    >\n                        Trends &#038; Reform\n                        <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                            <i\n                                class=\"fa fa-angle-down small\"\n                                aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                            ><\/i>\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                <\/h2>\n                <div\n                    class=\"fl-accordion-content\"\n                    data-testid=\"fl-accordion-content\"\n                    id=\"content-3-category-overview\"\n                >\n                    <ul class=\"fl-no-margin fl-list\">\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/child-support-reform-what-you-need-to-know.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Child Support Reform: What You Need to Know<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/parenting-time-interference.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Parenting Time Interference<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/the-fathers-rights-movement-overview.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>The Fathers&#039; Rights Movement: Overview<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/what-is-malicious-mother-syndrome.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>What is &#039;Malicious Parent Syndrome&#039;?<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <\/ul>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <div\n               class=\"fl-accordion-item fl-category-overview-item\"\n               id=\"section-4-category-overview\"\n               aria-labelledby=\"button-4-category-overview\"\n               data-testid=\"fl-accordion-item\"\n            >\n                <h2\n                    class=\"fl-accordion-header fl-flex fl-items-center fl-justify-between fl-no-margin\"\n                    data-testid=\"fl-accordion-header\"\n                >\n                    <button\n                        id=\"button-4-category-overview\"\n                        aria-label=\"Category 1 content\"\n                        aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                        aria-controls=\"section-4-category-overview\"\n                        class=\"fl-accordion-button fl-flex fl-flex-auto fl-justify-between\"\n                        type=\"button\"\n                    >\n                        Legal Help\n                        <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\n                            <i\n                                class=\"fa fa-angle-down small\"\n                                aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                            ><\/i>\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                <\/h2>\n                <div\n                    class=\"fl-accordion-content\"\n                    data-testid=\"fl-accordion-content\"\n                    id=\"content-4-category-overview\"\n                >\n                    <ul class=\"fl-no-margin fl-list\">\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/challenging-paternity.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Basics and Overview: Challenging Paternity<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/do-i-need-a-fathers-rights-attorney.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Do I Need a Fathers&#039; Rights Attorney?<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-information-by-state.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Paternity Information by State<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-control-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-container\">\n                                <i\n                                    class=\"fa fa-angle-right small\"\n                                    aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                                ><\/i>\n                            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-list-control-text\">\n                                <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/shared-parenting-vs-sole-custody.html\" class=\"fl-list-item-link\">\n                                    <span>Shared Parenting vs. Sole Custody<\/span>\n                                <\/a>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <\/ul>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2>How Do You Establish Paternity?<\/h2>\r\n<p>Paternity can be established either <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-determinations-voluntary-and-formal-proceedings.html\">voluntarily or involuntarily<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>In most circumstances, the presumption is that married parents are the biological parents of a child born during the marriage. When a married mother gives birth, the law <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/legal-definition-of-father-by-state.html\">sets forth a presumption<\/a> that her husband is the father of the child. The husband does not need to file a paternity action to establish his parentage. In the same way, the parental rights of a married couple are also presumed.<\/p>\r\n<p>The law does not recognize unmarried parents in the same way. When an unmarried mother gives birth, there is generally no presumption of paternity. The mother becomes the custodial parent and gains <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/physical-custody.html\">physical custody <\/a>of the child.<\/p>\r\n<p>A man who claims to be the father may sign a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/legal-significance-of-paternity.html\">voluntary acknowledgment of paternity affidavit<\/a>. If he does so, he may legally bind himself and become a presumed father. This is also known as a putative father. A man may also become a putative father when he marries or attempts to marry the mother during the pregnancy or soon afterward.<\/p>\r\n<p>In some circumstances, a man who welcomes the child into his home and cultivates a close parent-child relationship may also become a putative father.<\/p>\r\n<p>Paternity can also occur when a parent or the state files a paternity case in court. Depending on state law, a paternity action may be initiated in an administrative proceeding or in family court. A paternity action can require the putative father or an alleged father to appear and submit to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-tests-blood-tests-and-dna.html\">DNA Testing<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>The father will submit blood or saliva for DNA testing to determine a match with the child. If DNA test results confirm that the putative father is the biological father, the court can issue a paternity order. Upon issuing the paternity order, the court will help correct the child&#8217;s birth certificate by adding the father&#8217;s name. If the paternity case also sought to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/fathers-rights.html\">establish parental rights<\/a>, the court may also proceed in that direction.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Challenging Paternity<\/h2>\r\n<p>In a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/challenging-paternity.html\">contested paternity case<\/a>, any party can request DNA testing to help the court determine paternity. Upon such a request, the court will issue an order for testing. The order will direct the alleged father, the mother, and the child to appear for the test. Genetic testing will occur at a certified lab approved by the court.<\/p>\r\n<p>States may have set standards for what level of accuracy is acceptable. The court commonly looks for accuracy in the 90-99 percent range to identify a man as the biological father of a child. If the test results are &quot;positive,&quot; the court can then issue a paternity order.<\/p>\r\n<p>Orders for child support, parenting time, and<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/joint-custody.html\"> joint custody arrangements<\/a> may follow. If the test results are &quot;negative,&quot; the court may disestablish paternity and vacate any prior orders providing parental rights to the alleged father.<\/p>\r\n<p>States may provide time limits on actions contesting paternity. They may also set restrictions on actions seeking to rescind a voluntary acknowledgment of paternity. Such limitations and rules derive from the desire to provide stability in a child&#8217;s life. Courts focus on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/focusing-on-the-best-interests-of-the-child.html\">best interests of the child<\/a> in all matters that will affect children and family life.<\/p>\r\n<p>Parental rights like child custody and parenting time follow determinations of a child&#8217;s legal parents. Likewise, financial support obligations and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-support\/how-to-calculate-child-support.html\">child support cases<\/a> rely on stability in such legal arrangements. Courts may be hesitant to upend a parent-child relationship that has provided consistency and stability to the child.<\/p>\r\n<h3>How Does Genetic Testing Work?<\/h3>\r\n<p>The advent of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-tests-blood-tests-and-dna.html\">DNA profiling<\/a>&nbsp;was a breakthrough in paternity testing. DNA testing can determine the biological father of the child with over 99% accuracy. This provides greater accuracy than blood tests that were used in the past. Genetic testing can even take place before a child&#8217;s birth.<\/p>\r\n<p>A DNA test uses the child&#8217;s genetic material inherited from its biological parents. There are different test methods.<\/p>\r\n<p>Here is a common testing scenario:<\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n<li>The scientist first compares the child&#8217;s genetic material to that of the biological mother.<\/li>\r\n<li>The child&#8217;s characteristics not found in the mother determine the father&#8217;s genetic characteristics.<\/li>\r\n<li>The scientist then compares the father&#8217;s characteristics to the alleged father&#8217;s genetic material.<\/li>\r\n<li>If they don&#8217;t match, the scientist excludes him as the biological father.<\/li>\r\n<li>If there&#8217;s a match, the scientist will calculate the probability of the man&#8217;s parentage.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p>A positive test result creates a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/rebuttable-presumption.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rebuttable presumption<\/a>&nbsp;of paternity. The threshold probability to create this presumption varies by state.<\/p>\r\n<h2>States Set Procedures for Paternity Determination<\/h2>\r\n<p>Each state has its own legal forms and requirements for establishing paternity. For example, the mother often files a paternity or parentage lawsuit as the custodial parent seeking child support from the father. As part of the paternity action, the court needs to determine the father of a child.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-information-by-state.html\">State laws<\/a> may approach paternity determination from different directions. Most states provide for a marital presumption in paternity actions. With the marital presumption, the state presumes if a woman is married at the time of the child\u2019s birth, her husband is the child&#8217;s father.<\/p>\r\n<p>A current concern among states is how the presumption of paternity in marriage applies to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/marriage\/same-sex-marriage.html\">same-sex married couples<\/a>. State laws typically use the terms &quot;husband&quot; and &quot;paternity.&quot; Statutory language may focus on biological parents. In an age where couples use&nbsp;assisted reproductive technology, what if the biological mother is a surrogate mother?<\/p>\r\n<p>States today may be considering expanding the marital presumption to a &quot;parental&quot; presumption. That is, if a child is born to any married couple, no matter the method, the married parents are presumed to be the legal parents and to have legal rights related to the child.<\/p>\r\n<h3>What if the Alleged Father Lives in a Different State?<\/h3>\r\n<p>In some situations, the alleged father may live in a different state or cannot be located. State and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.acf.hhs.gov\/cb\/training-technical-assistance\/federal-parent-locator-service\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">federal Parent Locator Services<\/a> may help find a parent who has disappeared. States are required to give full faith and credit to paternity determinations from other states, in line with their laws and regulations.<\/p>\r\n<p>If an alleged father lives in another state and fails to respond to a formal complaint served upon him, a default judgment may issue against him based on the evidence presented.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Voluntary Paternity Acknowledgement<\/h2>\r\n<p>A putative father of a child can voluntarily sign an Acknowledgment of Paternity affidavit along with the child&#8217;s mother. Once this form is filed with the state, it will legally establish the father of the child. The birth certificate will be modified (as appropriate) to add the father&#8217;s name.<\/p>\r\n<p>A man may choose to sign an Acknowledgment of Paternity affidavit when he is certain, unsure, or doubtful whether he is the biological father of a child. The filing of the acknowledgment will alert the child support office. The office may take further action to establish a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-support\/child-support-by-court-order.html\">child support order<\/a> against the father.<\/p>\r\n<p>The paternity acknowledgment alone will not normally establish any other legal rights, such as custody or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/shared-parenting-vs-sole-custody.html\">parenting time<\/a>. To establish paternity rights, the unmarried father of a child must file a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-suit-faqs.html\">parentage action<\/a> requesting those rights with the court.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Voluntary Paternity Determinations: Example Scenarios<\/h3>\r\n<p>Some fathers may not learn about the child they fathered. They may be denied a parent-child relationship. This can occur when the parties&#8217; relationship has ended. The mother may not resume contact with the father and may not look for the father to be involved in the child&#8217;s life.<\/p>\r\n<p>Where a putative father and an expectant mother remain amicable, they can talk these situations out. A man can voluntarily submit to&nbsp;DNA testing&nbsp;with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/fathers-rights-before-birth.html\">expectant mother<\/a>. If the parties do this informally, they may agree to pay for the testing and agree on what they will do next if paternity is confirmed.<\/p>\r\n<p>Some men learn years later that they fathered a child. Although they missed out on the child&#8217;s early years, they may be able to take steps to acknowledge or establish paternity and affirm the relationship. Of course, a voluntary acknowledgment will require the mother&#8217;s cooperation. If that cooperation is lacking, the putative father can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/child-visitation-child-custody-and-unmarried-fathers.html\">file a paternity case<\/a> in court.<\/p>\r\n<p>He can indicate he will voluntarily engage in genetic testing and request testing of the mother and the child. The parties will present evidence at a court hearing. If the court finds paternity, then the legal father may seek custody or a parenting plan. He may also be subject to a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-support\/paying-child-support-checklist.html\">child support obligation<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>A putative father should not delay. There may be time limits under state law for filing a court action.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Involuntary Paternity Determination<\/h2>\r\n<p>In most states, if a mother wants to establish paternity of her child to secure child support or to gain inheritance rights for the child, she must bring a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-suit-faqs.html\">paternity action<\/a>&nbsp;as a civil lawsuit. The court will then order a DNA test of the child and the purported father.<\/p>\r\n<p>A paternity action must be filed while the alleged father is alive. This provides the father the opportunity for a defense. If the father is deceased, the court will only order a posthumous paternity action if the alleged father affirmatively acknowledged the child prior to death.<\/p>\r\n<p>For example, the father may have put his name on the child&#8217;s birth certificate, identified himself as the father in a paternity registry, or some other legal action.<\/p>\r\n<p>The alleged father may file a paternity action during the mother&#8217;s pregnancy if permitted <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-information-by-state.html\">by state law<\/a>. He may request that the court legally compel the expectant mother to undergo fetal testing based on an allegation that they engaged in sexual intercourse consistent with the timeframe of the child&#8217;s conception. But, a court may look at all the evidence and circumstances and decide to wait until the child is born before it orders DNA testing.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Paternity, Child Support, and Public Assistance<\/h3>\r\n<p>More commonly, the state may bring an action to establish paternity and serve both the mother and the putative father. The state takes this action when the mother receives <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-support\/state-public-assistance-welfare-information.html\">public assistance<\/a>, such as welfare payments or health insurance. When a mother receives these benefits, she assigns the right to her child support to the state.<\/p>\r\n<p>The state provides child support services that include paternity testing. It seeks to recover some of the funds the state has expended to support the child. If the test results confirm paternity, and the court issues an adjudication of paternity naming the father as the obligor, then the state can proceed to set up a child support order.<\/p>\r\n<p>When a parent of a child has a child support obligation and does not pay as ordered, the state can take <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-support\/child-support-enforcement-options.html\">child support enforcement actions<\/a>. This may include suspending a driver&#8217;s license until the parent complies with the order. It may also include filing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-support\/can-you-go-to-jail-for-not-paying-child-support.html\">contempt of court<\/a> action in court.<\/p>\r\n<h2>How Marriage Can Affect a Paternity Determination<\/h2>\r\n<p>A paternity determination can become complicated when there&#8217;s more than one man in the picture.<\/p>\r\n<p>If the mother is married, there&#8217;s a legal presumption that the mother&#8217;s husband is the father of her child. If her husband or another man <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/do-i-need-a-fathers-rights-attorney.html\">files a paternity case<\/a>, the court may order a DNA test and determine who is the biological father of the child. If the test results prove the husband is not the father, the three parties, by agreement or the judge, will determine the best arrangement for custody and support.<\/p>\r\n<p>When it comes to issues that affect a child&#8217;s well-being, the court can find good cause to do what is in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/focusing-on-the-best-interests-of-the-child.html\">best interest of the child<\/a>. There may be several options:<\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n<li><p>The mother and her husband may choose to parent the child and may ask the biological father to sign away his parental rights. The husband may then <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/parental-rights-unmarried-fathers-and-adoption.html\">adopt the child<\/a>. In this situation, the biological father does not make child support payments even though he was a parent of the child.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li><p>The biological father may obtain parental rights and the court may order him to pay child support. The court may award him visitation rights but <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/how-child-custody-decisions-are-made.html\">may not award custody<\/a> so as not to disrupt the family home of the child.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li><p>The biological father can seek and may be awarded custody and visitation rights. If there is a change in custody, the court may order the <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/non-custodial-parent.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">noncustodial mother<\/a> to pay child support going forward.<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h2>Paternity Actions in Court<\/h2>\r\n<p>An action to&nbsp;establish paternity&nbsp;is a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/litigation\/legal-system\/civil-court-basics.html\">civil proceeding<\/a>&nbsp;in&nbsp;family court. The mother, alleged father, or the state may file the court action after the birth of the child. States set the standard of proof necessary to establish paternity either through state laws or caselaw.<\/p>\r\n<p>In most states, a party must prove the paternity of a child by a &quot;<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/preponderance-of-the-evidence.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">preponderance of the evidence<\/a>&quot; standard. A preponderance of the evidence means that it must be more likely than not that the man is the father of the child.<\/p>\r\n<p>Some states, like&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/new-york-law\/new-york-paternity-laws.html\">New York<\/a>, use the &quot;<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/clear-and-convincing-evidence.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">clear and convincing evidence<\/a>&quot; standard to establish paternity. This means there must be a high probability the man is the child&#8217;s father for paternity establishment. Recent developments in genetic testing have lessened the impact of these different standards.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Hiring an Attorney for Help With Paternity Legal Issues<\/h2>\r\n<p>Sometimes, establishing paternity can be emotionally and legally complex. Whether you are a mother seeking to gain support from the other parent of a child or an alleged father responding to a lawsuit, it makes sense to seek legal advice.<\/p>\r\n<p>An experienced&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/family-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">family law attorney<\/a>&nbsp;can help you understand your rights and responsibilities, regarding a custody order, parenting time, and child support. They can also explain the legal procedures and consequences of establishing paternity.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              d=\"M6 21H3C2.46957 21 1.96086 20.7893 1.58579 20.4142C1.21071 20.0391 1 19.5304 1 19V12C1 11.4696 1.21071 10.9609 1.58579 10.5858C1.96086 10.2107 2.46957 10 3 10H6M13 8V4C13 3.20435 12.6839 2.44129 12.1213 1.87868C11.5587 1.31607 10.7956 1 10 1L6 10V21H17.28C17.7623 21.0055 18.2304 20.8364 18.5979 20.524C18.9654 20.2116 19.2077 19.7769 19.28 19.3L20.66 10.3C20.7035 10.0134 20.6842 9.72068 20.6033 9.44225C20.5225 9.16382 20.3821 8.90629 20.1919 8.68751C20.0016 8.46873 19.7661 8.29393 19.5016 8.17522C19.2371 8.0565 18.9499 7.99672 18.66 8H13Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n                              stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3418\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"><\/rect>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"No\"\n                value=\"no\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">No<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-down\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3423)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              d=\"M16 0.999995H18.67C19.236 0.989986 19.7859 1.18813 20.2154 1.55681C20.645 1.9255 20.9242 2.43905 21 3V10C20.9242 10.5609 20.645 11.0745 20.2154 11.4432C19.7859 11.8119 19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Easy to understand\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                        >Easy to understand<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Solved my problem\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                        >Solved my problem<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--negative\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this not helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n                        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Missing Information\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Out of date\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                        >Out of date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\">\n        <div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Family law matters are often complex and require a lawyer\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Lawyers can protect your rights and seek the best outcome\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Many attorneys offer free consultations\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                            <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link fl-flex\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link\">\n                <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <p class=\"find-attorney\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/family-law\/#USER_GEO\/?fli=esum:FL24\" title=\"Family Law Attorney Directory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">If you need an attorney, find one right now.<\/a><\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"popularDirectory\">\n        <div class=\"general-popular-directory \">\n            <div class=\"general-popular-directory-title\">\n                <h3>Attorney Directory<\/h3>\n            <\/div>\n            <ul>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/fathers-rights\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Father&#8217;s Rights Lawyers<\/a><\/li>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/child-support\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Child Support Lawyers<\/a><\/li>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/same-sex\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Same Sex Lawyers<\/a><\/li>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/adoption\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Adoption Lawyers<\/a><\/li>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/family-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Family Law Attorneys<\/a><\/li>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/custody-visitation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Custody and Visitation Lawyers<\/a><\/li>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/divorce\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Divorce Lawyers<\/a><\/li>\n                            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"popularRecent\">\n    <div class=\"row popular-recent\">\n        <h2 class=\"popular-recent-title\">Looking for More Information?<\/h2>\n        <div class=\"popular-recent-item\">\n            <div class=\"popular-recent-item-image\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.findlaw.com/static/c/images\/images\/w_1200,c_limit,dpr_auto\/f_auto,q_auto:eco\/v1745849290\/ability-law\/wp-prod\/general-components-popular-recent-popular\/general-components-popular-recent-popular.svg?_i=AA\"\n                    alt=\"\">\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"popular-recent-item-content\">\n                <h3>Popular Law Articles<\/h3>\n                <ul class=\"fl-list\">\n                                            <li class=\"fl-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                            <a class=\"fl-list-item-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/legal-definition-of-father-by-state.html\">Legal Definition of &#8216;Father&#8217; by State<\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li class=\"fl-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                            <a class=\"fl-list-item-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/fathers-rights-and-abortion.html\">Fathers&#8217; Rights and Abortion<\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li class=\"fl-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                            <a class=\"fl-list-item-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/fathers-rights-before-birth.html\">Fathers&#8217; Rights Before Birth<\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li class=\"fl-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                            <a class=\"fl-list-item-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/parental-rights-unmarried-fathers-and-adoption.html\">Parental Rights: Unmarried Fathers and Adoption<\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li class=\"fl-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                            <a class=\"fl-list-item-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-tests-blood-tests-and-dna.html\">Paternity Tests: Blood Tests and DNA<\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"popular-recent-item\">\n            <div class=\"popular-recent-item-image\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.findlaw.com/static/c/images\/images\/w_1200,c_limit,dpr_auto\/f_auto,q_auto:eco\/v1745849421\/ability-law\/wp-prod\/general-components-popular-recent-recent_12960fdca\/general-components-popular-recent-recent_12960fdca.svg?_i=AA\"\n                    alt=\"\">\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"popular-recent-item-content\">\n                <h3>Most Recent Law Articles<\/h3>\n                <ul class=\"fl-list\">\n                                            <li class=\"fl-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                            <a class=\"fl-list-item-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/legal-definition-of-father-by-state.html\">\n                                How States Define &#8216;Putative Father&#8217; and &#8216;Presumptive Father&#8217;\n                            <\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li class=\"fl-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                            <a class=\"fl-list-item-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-leave.html\">\n                                Paternity Leave, FMLA, and State Parental Leave Laws\n                            <\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li class=\"fl-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                            <a class=\"fl-list-item-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/paternity-vs-maternity-leave-key-legal-differences.html\">\n                                Paternity vs. Maternity Leave: Key Legal Differences\n                            <\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li class=\"fl-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                            <a class=\"fl-list-item-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/can-fathers-get-a-paternity-test-without-the-mother-knowing.html\">\n                                Can Fathers Get a Paternity Test Without the Mother Knowing?\n                            <\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li class=\"fl-list-item fl-flex\">\n                            <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                            <a class=\"fl-list-item-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/how-to-legally-get-a-paternity-test-if-the-child-s-mother-refuse.html\">\n                                How to Legally Get a Paternity Test If the Child\u2019s Mother Refuses\n                            <\/a>\n                        <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>FindLaw explains paternity, legal implications, and how to establish it. Learn about voluntary and involuntary paternity determinations and DNA testing.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41135,"featured_media":0,"parent":351544,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/OverviewPageController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":[]},"categories":[2730],"tags":[],"state_laws_tags":[],"flmsa":[],"class_list":["post-351944","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-family"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/351944","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/41135"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=351944"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/351944\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/351544"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=351944"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=351944"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=351944"},{"taxonomy":"state_laws_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/state_laws_tags?post=351944"},{"taxonomy":"flmsa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/flmsa?post=351944"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}