{"id":352124,"date":"2023-08-21T16:39:30","date_gmt":"2023-08-21T21:39:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/prostitution.html"},"modified":"2023-08-21T16:39:30","modified_gmt":"2023-08-21T21:39:30","slug":"prostitution","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/prostitution.html","title":{"rendered":"Prostitution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Federal and State Charges for Prostitution<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/eric-harvey-j-d\/\">Eric Harvey, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-bender-esq\/\">Melissa Bender, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            August 21, 2023\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <p>Sometimes called &quot;the oldest profession,&quot; prostitution is a form of sex work. It&#8217;s known by many names and exists in many forms. The word &quot;prostitute&quot; can refer to anyone, regardless of gender, who sells sexual acts for money.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>It can include related workers such as brothel employees, escort service workers or independent internet entrepreneurs. But regardless of what form the service takes, prostitution is a crime in almost all 50 states.<\/p>\n<p>State laws have mostly expanded the definition to make it a crime for anyone to offer, agree to, or engage in a sexual act for compensation of any kind. This article provides an overview of federal and state charges for prostitution.<\/p>\n<p>Prostitution charges can lead to difficult consequences. They can leave stains on your criminal record that can follow you. If you&#8217;ve been charged with prostitution or a related crime, legal help is available. Contact a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">criminal defense attorney<\/a> near you to understand your charges and start building a strong defense.<\/p>\n<h2>Legally Defining Prostitution<\/h2>\n<p>Broadly speaking, prostitution is defined as engaging in sexual conduct in exchange for compensation. But prostitution offenses involve other types of conduct as well. Such sexual conduct includes sexual intercourse and other types of sexual contact.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Prostitution charges don&#8217;t only relate to committing acts of prostitution. They also involve promoting prostitution and lewd acts for money. You could face additional charges if the acts happen in a public place. Public lewdness or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/criminal-laws\/indecent-exposure-laws-by-state.html\">public indecency charges<\/a> often accompany such cases.<\/p>\n<p>To commit prostitution, a person&#8217;s conduct must meet certain requirements. You can learn more about this further down in this article.<\/p>\n<h3>Illegal Nationwide \u2014 Except for Nevada<\/h3>\n<p>Prostitution is illegal in all states except\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/nevada-law\/nevada-prostitution-and-solicitation-laws.html\">certain parts of Nevada<\/a>, where it is strictly regulated.<\/p>\n<p>Some\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/criminal-laws\/prostitution.html\">state statutes punish the act of prostitution<\/a>. Other state statutes also criminalize the act of soliciting prostitution. They may even punish arranging for prostitution and operating a house of prostitution. Many states, in their laws prohibiting prostitution, refer to \u201cpimping&#8221; and \u201cprocuring.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h2>Who Can Face Prostitution Charges?<\/h2>\n<p>Depending upon applicable state law, criminal charges can apply at various stages of a typical transaction. For example, police could arrest and charge:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The provider of services (for prostitution)<\/li>\n<li>The customer paying for the services (for solicitation of prostitution).<\/li>\n<li>anyone who brokers or profits from the transaction (for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/pimping-and-pandering-laws.html\">pandering\u00a0<\/a>or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/human-trafficking-and-slavery.html\">sex trafficking<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Prostitution laws can be complicated to navigate and vary significantly by state. It&#8217;s important to verify the laws of your state. A <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">criminal law attorney<\/a> in your area can help you understand your state&#8217;s laws if you&#8217;re facing a prostitution-related charge.<\/p>\n<p>In most states, offering sexual services in exchange for money counts as prostitution. Agreeing to provide those services in exchange for money is also considered prostitution. Under those circumstances, it does not matter whether the services are actually provided.<\/p>\n<p>This makes enforcement and prosecution much easier because the sexual act need not actually happen for charges to be filed. Once a prostitute agrees to provide the service, an undercover police officer may make the arrest without completing the sexual act. But the possible offender must also accept payment from the officer to make the transaction complete. If this does not occur,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/entrapment.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">entrapment<\/a>\u00a0may be used as a defense.<\/p>\n<h2>Prostitution Under Federal Law<\/h2>\n<p>The federal government largely leaves prosecution of prostitution up to the states. But it does seek to protect minors. The federal government addresses trafficking for the purpose of prostitution. It does so in both interstate and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/us\/title-8-aliens-and-nationality\/8-usc-sect-1328.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">importation contexts<\/a>. That means crossing state or national borders could make a difference in prosecution.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/what-is-the-mann-act.html\">The Mann Act<\/a>, enacted in 1910, was meant to prohibit the transportation of individuals across state lines. At first the ban applied specifically for the purpose of paid sexual activity or debauchery. But over the years, the Mann Act has been amended and clarified. It now makes it a crime to transport an individual in interstate or foreign commerce. But it does so\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/us\/title-18-crimes-and-criminal-procedure\/18-usc-sect-2421.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">specifically with the intent<\/a> that the individual engage in prostitution or other illegal sexual activity.<\/p>\n<p>The federal government also prohibits prostitution\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/us\/title-18-crimes-and-criminal-procedure\/18-usc-sect-1384.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">near military establishments<\/a>. Under the federal penal code, a person may receive a fine and up to 10 years in prison for prostitution or related offenses.<\/p>\n<h2>Solicitation of Prostitution<\/h2>\n<p>People who pay for sexual services can face charges of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/solicitation.html\">solicitation of prostitution<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Law enforcement officers sometimes call these suspects &#8220;Johns,&#8221; though any gender can face charges. Solicitation of prostitution is a crime involving a person&#8217;s agreement to exchange money for sex. The agreement does not have to be explicit. A person&#8217;s actions are often enough to demonstrate agreement.<\/p>\n<p>The solicitation charge can be enhanced by solicitation of prostitution to a minor. This could result in the misdemeanor charge becoming a felony. Because\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/statutory-rape.html\">minors cannot consent to sexual acts with adults<\/a>, depending on state and local laws, the charge for solicitation is treated more severely\u00a0if children are involved.<\/p>\n<p>The crime of solicitation of prostitution occurs at the moment the customer agrees to pay for a sexual act. It also happens when an action occurs to proceed with that agreement.<\/p>\n<p>Solicitation can also be seen as encouraging someone to commit a crime. It does not matter if the crime ends up being committed or not. An action to further an agreement can be almost any act demonstrating a willingness to go through with the agreement. Withdrawing money from an ATM, for example, is often the basis for a charge.<\/p>\n<h2>Prostitution Penalties and Sentencing<\/h2>\n<p>Depending on the offense, solicitation and prostitution\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/criminal-laws\/prostitution.html\">are punished in most states<\/a>\u00a0by a minimal fine. The circumstances of the arrest can also affect the severity of the penalty. Such offenses are also punished by jail time for the first offense. Often, penalties increase for subsequent convictions.<\/p>\n<p>Increasingly, enforcement actions have focused on people who import and profit from sex workers. Federal\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/human-trafficking-and-slavery.html\">sex trafficking<\/a>\u00a0convictions can result in lengthy prison sentences and fines. Prostitution is often treated as a Class A misdemeanor. Prior convictions can raise the severity of sentencing.<\/p>\n<h2>Decriminalization of Sex Work<\/h2>\n<p>Some human rights groups are pushing for further decriminalization of sex work. An example of such an organization is the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/news\/topic\/its-time-to-decriminalize-sex-work\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">American Civil Liberties Union<\/a>\u00a0(ACLU).<\/p>\n<p>Advocates for reform focus on those who engage in consensual sex acts. They argue that the criminalization of prostitution enables people who victimize sex workers. They also say criminalization enables people and groups who profit from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/human-trafficking-and-slavery.html\">human trafficking<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Facing a Prostitution Charge? Get Help From a Criminal Defense Lawyer<\/h2>\n<p>A conviction for prostitution or solicitation can carry significant penalties. These range from fines to prison time. They can also carry a social stigma that&#8217;s difficult to leave behind.<\/p>\n<p>If you or a loved one has been charged with a crime of prostitution or solicitation,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/sex-crime\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hiring an attorney<\/a>\u00a0can make it difficult for the government to prove its case beyond a reasonable doubt. It&#8217;s important to get legal advice from a lawyer specializing in criminal law if you&#8217;re facing a prostitution-related charge.<\/p>\n<p>It can be hard to fight a prostitution charge without an experiened attorney and a strong defense strategy. A local\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/sex-crime\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">criminal defense attorney<\/a>\u00a0can help you assess possible defenses. 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<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prostitution laws make it a crime in most states to offer, agree to, or engage in a sexual act for compensation. Find out more about prostitution laws and related topics at FindLaw&#8217;s Sex Crimes section.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41135,"featured_media":0,"parent":351991,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/ArticleWithBreadcrumbsController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":[]},"categories":[2729],"tags":[],"state_laws_tags":[],"flmsa":[],"class_list":["post-352124","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-criminal"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352124","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/41135"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=352124"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352124\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":400180,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352124\/revisions\/400180"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/351991"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=352124"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=352124"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=352124"},{"taxonomy":"state_laws_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/state_laws_tags?post=352124"},{"taxonomy":"flmsa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/flmsa?post=352124"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}