{"id":352340,"date":"2024-01-31T11:57:46","date_gmt":"2024-01-31T16:57:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/criminal\/criminal-procedure\/what-is-prosecutorial-discretion.html"},"modified":"2024-01-31T11:57:46","modified_gmt":"2024-01-31T16:57:46","slug":"what-is-prosecutorial-discretion","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-procedure\/what-is-prosecutorial-discretion.html","title":{"rendered":"What Is Prosecutorial Discretion?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">What Is Prosecutorial Discretion?<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/samuel-strom-j-d\/\">Samuel Strom, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-bender-esq\/\">Melissa Bender, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            January 31, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <p>This term refers to a prosecutor&#8217;s ability to make decisions that influence a criminal case. Prosecutors represent the government, so they have a duty to wield their power responsibly.&nbsp;Their role focuses on preserving justice rather than solely maximizing penalties and convictions.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>In criminal law, prosecutors hold a crucial power known as \u201cprosecutorial discretion.&quot; It allows them the authority to make important decisions at different&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-procedure.html\">stages of a case<\/a>, such as:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Determining whether to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/legalblogs\/criminal-defense\/pressing-charges-what-does-it-mean-and-who-does-it\/\">press charges<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>Negotiating&nbsp;plea bargains<\/li>\r\n<li>Accepting&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/guilty-plea.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">guilty pleas<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>This article breaks down the concept of prosecutorial discretion. It explores the ins and outs of this fundamental legal principle. Specifically, it examines its impact on fairness, ethics, and the broader goals of the evolving criminal justice system.<\/p>\r\n<p>If the government has charged you with a crime, do not delay in contacting a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">criminal defense attorney<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<h2>The Basics of Prosecutorial Discretion<\/h2>\r\n<p>Prosecutorial discretion refers to a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/prosecutor.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">prosecutor&#8217;s<\/a>&nbsp;authority in a criminal case. This authority includes:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Charging decisions<\/li>\r\n<li>Plea bargains<\/li>\r\n<li>A case&#8217;s overall direction within the legal system<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>This discretion allows prosecutors to tailor their approach to individual cases.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Charging Decisions and Plea Bargains<\/h2>\r\n<p>The prosecutor&#8217;s office decides which criminal charges to file against a criminal defendant. Prosecutors weigh many factors, such as:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>The strength of the evidence<\/li>\r\n<li>The seriousness of the crime (e.g.,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-law-basics\/what-distinguishes-a-misdemeanor-from-a-felony.html\">misdemeanor&nbsp;or&nbsp;felony<\/a>)<\/li>\r\n<li>The defendant&#8217;s&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/criminal-record.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">criminal record<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>The likelihood of conviction<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Plea bargains are a common outcome of prosecutorial discretion. A plea bargain involves the defendant agreeing to plead guilty to a lesser charge. In exchange, they often receive a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-procedure\/criminal-sentencing.html\">lighter sentence<\/a>. This process helps manage caseloads, reducing strain on the court system. It also allows for a more efficient resolution of criminal cases.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Legal Safeguards: Reasonable Doubt and Defense Attorneys<\/h2>\r\n<p>In any criminal case,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/presumption.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">innocent until proven guilty<\/a>&nbsp;prevails. Prosecutors must prove the defendant&#8217;s guilt&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/beyond-a-reasonable-doubt.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">beyond a reasonable doubt<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>Defense attorneys play a crucial role in their client&#8217;s case. For example, they must ensure their clients receive a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-rights\/what-is-a-fair-trial-.html\">fair trial<\/a>. They must also challenge the prosecution&#8217;s evidence and arguments. This adversarial process ensures a balanced legal system.<\/p>\r\n<p>For more information, explore&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-procedure.html\">FindLaw&#8217;s section on criminal procedure<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Disparities and Biases in Decision-Making<\/h2>\r\n<p>Despite the safeguards, biases can still influence prosecutorial decisions. Issues such as race, socioeconomic status, and prior criminal history may affect the prosecutor&#8217;s choices. Recognizing these biases is essential for promoting a fair and just legal system.<\/p>\r\n<h2>The Role of Law Enforcement and Probable Cause<\/h2>\r\n<p>Law enforcement agencies play a pivotal role in the criminal justice process. When someone suspects or reports a crime, law enforcement officers conduct investigations. They do so by gathering evidence, interviewing witnesses, and collecting information. Their goal is to establish whether there&#8217;s a reasonable basis to believe a crime occurred.<\/p>\r\n<p>Police officers may proceed with an arrest when the evidence supports&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-rights\/probable-cause.html\">probable cause<\/a>. The arrest is significant as it involves depriving an individual of their liberty. Officers must base their arrest on more than just suspicion. A proper arrest requires a reasonable belief backed by tangible evidence.<\/p>\r\n<p>After an arrest, the case moves to the prosecutor&#8217;s office. Prosecuting attorneys play a critical role by reviewing the evidence law enforcement provides. Then, they determine if there&#8217;s enough substance to proceed with formal charges.<\/p>\r\n<h2>The Supreme Court and Prosecutorial Decisions<\/h2>\r\n<p>The United States Supreme Court plays a significant role in shaping prosecutorial discretion. Its decisions establish guidelines for prosecutors. These emphasize the importance of:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Fairness<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/due-process.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Due process<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/equal-protection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Equal protection under the law<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>They also act as a check on the prosecution&#8217;s power and ensure compliance with the Constitution.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Have More Questions About Prosecutorial Discretion? Ask an Attorney<\/h2>\r\n<p>If you&#8217;re facing charges but believe the government has unfairly targeted you, you can make a case for selective prosecution or some other form of prosecutorial misconduct. Whether this defense is available to you or not, having an experienced legal professional is always important.<\/p>\r\n<p>Experienced defense counsel can provide you with legal advice regarding the following:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Specific legal advice for when the government charges you with a serious crime<\/li>\r\n<li>General information about&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-procedure\/how-does-a-grand-jury-work.html\">grand jury&nbsp;<\/a>proceedings,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-procedure\/pretrial-hearings-motions.html\">pretrial hearings<\/a>, and plea bargains<\/li>\r\n<li>The exercise of prosecutorial discretion relating to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/juvenile-justice.html\">juveniles<\/a>&nbsp;charged with crimes<\/li>\r\n<li>How a district attorney may view your case and how to prepare your legal defenses<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Contact a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">local criminal defense attorney<\/a>&nbsp;today for a confidential assessment of your case.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n     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