{"id":352352,"date":"2023-08-30T11:20:21","date_gmt":"2023-08-30T16:20:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/criminal\/criminal-rights\/cruel-and-unusual-punishment.html"},"modified":"2026-02-17T09:39:44","modified_gmt":"2026-02-17T14:39:44","slug":"cruel-and-unusual-punishment","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-rights\/cruel-and-unusual-punishment.html","title":{"rendered":"Cruel and Unusual Punishment: Examples and Your Rights"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Cruel and Unusual Punishment: Examples and Your Rights<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/lyle-therese-a-hilotin-lee-j-d\/\">Lyle Therese A. Hilotin-Lee, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/laura-temme-esq\/\">Laura Temme, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last reviewed\n        <time>\n                            February 17, 2026\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n    <div class=\"fl-callout-text article-blockquote\">\n        <p><span data-term-id=\"55873386\">Cruel and unusual punishment<\/span> refers to treatment prohibited by the <span data-term-id=\"55873387\">Eighth Amendment<\/span> that violates the basic <span data-term-id=\"55873415\">human dignity<\/span> of incarcerated people through <span data-term-id=\"55873391\">deliberate indifference<\/span> to serious harm. This includes denying necessary <span data-term-id=\"55873390\">medical care<\/span>, using <span data-term-id=\"55873395\">excessive force<\/span>, maintaining dangerous living conditions, or keeping inmates in prolonged <span data-term-id=\"55873420\">solitary confinement<\/span>. Courts evaluate whether prison officials knowingly disregarded substantial risks to inmates&#8217; health and safety.<\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The <span data-term-id=\"55873387\">Eighth Amendment<\/span> protects people from <span data-term-id=\"55873386\">cruel and unusual punishment<\/span> while incarcerated.\u00a0Courts have found violations when prison officials deliberately ignore medical needs, use <span data-term-id=\"55873395\">excessive force<\/span>, house inmates in dangerous conditions, or keep them in prolonged isolation. Understanding these protections is crucial if you or someone you know is facing dangerous <span data-term-id=\"55873396\">conditions of confinement<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Being incarcerated does not mean you lose your <span data-term-id=\"55873401\">constitutional rights<\/span>. The <span data-term-id=\"55873387\">Eighth Amendment<\/span> protects you from treatment that violates your basic human rights and dignity. Learning about what qualifies as a violation of this right can be confusing and overwhelming. If you or your loved one is experiencing conditions that may be violating their rights against <span data-term-id=\"55873386\">cruel and unusual punishment<\/span>, contact an attorney who handles <span data-term-id=\"55873425\">prisoners&#8217; rights<\/span> cases. This may include <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">criminal defense attorneys<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/civil-rights\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"55873430\">civil rights<\/span><span data-term-id=\"55873430\"> attorneys<\/span><\/a> experienced in challenging <span data-term-id=\"55873413\">prison conditions<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h2>What Actually Counts as <span data-term-id=\"55873386\">Cruel and Unusual Punishment<\/span>?<\/h2>\n<p>The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/constitution.findlaw.com\/amendment8.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"55873387\">Eighth Amendment<\/span><\/a>\u00a0of the <span data-term-id=\"55873404\">United States Constitution<\/span> does not list specific prohibited practices. Courts look at\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/constitution.congress.gov\/browse\/essay\/amdt8-4-2\/ALDE_00000964\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">&#8220;<span data-term-id=\"55873397\">evolving standards of decency<\/span>&#8220;<\/a>\u00a0instead. These are conditions that violate your rights when there is unnecessary and <span data-term-id=\"55873402\">wanton infliction of pain<\/span>. It also happens when officials show <span data-term-id=\"55873391\">deliberate indifference<\/span> to serious risks to your health and safety.<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ce9.uscourts.gov\/jury-instructions\/node\/165\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"55873387\">Eighth Amendment<\/span> requires<\/a>\u00a0prison officials to meet certain duties to protect <span data-term-id=\"55873415\">human dignity<\/span>. Modern <span data-term-id=\"55873387\">Eighth Amendment<\/span> claims typically involve:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Denial of or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fjc.gov\/history\/spotlight-judicial-history\/eighth-amendment-prison-litigation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">inadequate <span data-term-id=\"55873390\">medical care<\/span><\/a>\u00a0for serious health conditions<\/li>\n<li>Inhumane living conditions, including issues with\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ojp.gov\/ncjrs\/virtual-library\/abstracts\/prison-overcrowding-eighth-amendments-prohibition-against-cruel-and\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">overcrowding<\/a>, sanitation, hygiene, and food<\/li>\n<li>Failure to protect inmates from violence by other prisoners<\/li>\n<li>Excessive use of <span data-term-id=\"55873395\">excessive force<\/span> by <span data-term-id=\"55873409\">correctional officers<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Extended periods in <span data-term-id=\"55873420\">solitary confinement<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The <span data-term-id=\"55873423\">constitutionality<\/span> of methods of punishment evolved through time, particularly through landmark court decisions.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In <a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/us-supreme-court\/217\/349.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Weems v. United States (1910)<\/em><\/a>, the U.S. <span data-term-id=\"55873388\">Supreme Court<\/span> established the <span data-term-id=\"55873398\">proportionality<\/span> of the punishment to the offense. They cannot involve barbaric punishment such as serving 15 years of hard labor in chains for merely falsifying public documents.<\/li>\n<li>In <a href=\"https:\/\/deathpenaltyinfo.org\/u-s-supreme-court-june-29-marks-40th-anniversary-of-furman-v-georgia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Furman v. Georgia (1972)<\/em><\/a>, the court established that the failure to provide a standard in the application of the <span data-term-id=\"55873393\">death penalty<\/span> violates the ban on <span data-term-id=\"55873386\">cruel and unusual punishments<\/span>. Some states used this decision as a rationale to ban the <span data-term-id=\"55873393\">death penalty<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>In<a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/us-supreme-court\/428\/153.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <em>Gregg v. Georgia (1976)<\/em><\/a>, the United States <span data-term-id=\"55873388\">Supreme Court<\/span> addressed the issue of death sentences in relation to <span data-term-id=\"55873386\">cruel and unusual punishment<\/span>. The Court ruled that juries should not be given unlimited discretion to impose a life sentence or the <span data-term-id=\"55873393\">death penalty<\/span>. States should provide safeguards to prevent the discriminatory application of capital punishment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Protective laws continue to evolve and expand.<\/p>\n<h3><span data-term-id=\"55873413\">Prison Conditions<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Prisons and jails have to meet minimum living standards. Under the <span data-term-id=\"55873387\">Eighth Amendment<\/span>, <span data-term-id=\"55873421\">correctional facilities<\/span> must address inmates&#8217; fundamental human needs. This includes providing adequate food, shelter, clothing, sanitation, <span data-term-id=\"55873390\">medical care<\/span>, and protection from harm.<\/p>\n<p>Overcrowding by itself doesn&#8217;t necessarily violate the <span data-term-id=\"55873389\">U.S. Constitution<\/span>. However, when <a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/us-supreme-court\/09-1233.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">severe overcrowding<\/a> creates dangerous conditions or increased preventable deaths, it can constitute <span data-term-id=\"55873386\">cruel and unusual punishment<\/span>. Courts have also found violations when facilities combined severe overcrowding with poor nutrition and filthy conditions.<\/p>\n<p>The U.S. <span data-term-id=\"55873388\">Supreme Court<\/span> examined one particularly serious situation in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/us-supreme-court\/19-1261.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Taylor v. Riojas (2020)<\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em> Prison officials confined an inmate for six days in cells smeared with feces and flooded with raw sewage. He had no bed and no clothing. The Court ruled this treatment clearly violated the <span data-term-id=\"55873387\">Eighth Amendment<\/span>. The <span data-term-id=\"55873396\">conditions of confinement<\/span> were obviously cruel, degrading, and dangerous. Any reasonable officer should have recognized that they were unlawful.<\/p>\n<h3>Denial of <span data-term-id=\"55873390\">Medical Care<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>To establish a violation of the <span data-term-id=\"55873387\">Eighth Amendment<\/span> based on inadequate <span data-term-id=\"55873390\">medical care<\/span>, courts apply a two-part test. The conditions that must be met are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The medical need must be &#8220;serious.&#8221;: <\/strong>This means it has been diagnosed by a physician as requiring treatment, or the need is so obvious that even a layperson would recognize the necessity for <span data-term-id=\"55873410\">medical attention<\/span>. Courts consider a medical need serious if failure to treat it could result in further significant injury, cause unnecessary and <span data-term-id=\"55873402\">wanton infliction of pain<\/span>, or significantly affect an individual&#8217;s daily activities.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Prison officials must have been &#8220;<span data-term-id=\"55873391\">deliberately indifferent<\/span>&#8221; to that serious medical need:<\/strong> <span data-term-id=\"55873391\">Deliberate indifference<\/span> means that officials knew about a substantial risk to your health and disregarded that risk. They must have been aware of facts from which they could infer a substantial risk of serious harm and then failed to respond reasonably to that risk. Mere negligence or medical malpractice does not meet this standard\u2014the official&#8217;s conduct must demonstrate a conscious disregard of your serious medical needs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The following\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/jlm.law.columbia.edu\/files\/2021\/02\/30.-Chapter-23.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state court cases<\/a>\u00a0serve as examples of denial of <span data-term-id=\"55873390\">medical care<\/span>:<\/p>\n<p>In <a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/us-6th-circuit\/1461727.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Phillips v. Roane County, Tennessee (2008)<\/em><\/a>, the Sixth Circuit examined the case of an incarcerated woman who died from untreated diabetes. Two weeks before her death, prison authorities knew about her deteriorating conditions. She complained of various issues such as nausea, vomiting, chest pain, and constipation, but they failed to address her medical needs. The court later established that this failure was a <span data-term-id=\"55873391\">deliberate indifference<\/span> to the woman\u2019s medical needs. They knew she was seriously ill and chose not to get her appropriate <span data-term-id=\"55873390\">medical care<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>In another case, the Seventh Circuit addressed the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/us-7th-circuit\/1364938.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">prototypical case of <span data-term-id=\"55873391\">deliberate indifference<\/span><\/a>.\u201d An incarcerated man was transferred to a county jail without his seizure medication. For eleven days, he repeatedly asked for his medication before suffering a seizure. The court calls this the \u201cprototypical case of <span data-term-id=\"55873391\">deliberate indifference<\/span>\u201d. This is when someone with a potentially serious medical problem requests medical aid, receives none, and then experiences a serious medical injury. The court found that officials violated his <span data-term-id=\"55873401\">constitutional rights<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Not all cases of failure to meet medical needs automatically result in a violation of your <span data-term-id=\"55873401\">constitutional rights<\/span>. For instance, in one case, an incarcerated person had an allergic reaction to a tuberculosis test. The reaction caused swelling and left a scar on his arm. The court ruled that this case was not \u201csufficiently serious\u201d to establish a violation of the <span data-term-id=\"55873387\">Eighth Amendment<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Given these varying circumstances, it\u2019s a good idea to seek\u00a0<span data-term-id=\"55873411\">legal advice<\/span> on these matters. An\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">attorney<\/a> can review the details of your case and determine whether prison officials violated your <span data-term-id=\"55873401\">constitutional rights<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h3><span data-term-id=\"55873420\">Solitary Confinement<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The courts have noted that <span data-term-id=\"55873420\">solitary confinement<\/span> by itself is not necessarily unconstitutional. However, courts recognize that <a href=\"https:\/\/constitution.congress.gov\/browse\/essay\/amdt8-4-7\/ALDE_00000966\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">prolonged <span data-term-id=\"55873420\">solitary confinement<\/span> can violate<\/a>\u00a0constitutional protections. They look at certain factors, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Duration of confinement<\/li>\n<li>Conditions during isolation (access to exercise, <span data-term-id=\"55873427\">mental health<\/span> care, human contact)<\/li>\n<li>Whether you belong to a vulnerable population, such as juveniles, those with mental illness, or serious medical conditions<\/li>\n<li>Whether officials knew about the psychological harm being caused<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/events\/mandeladay\/mandela_rules.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The United Nations Nelson Mandela Rules<\/a> define prolonged <span data-term-id=\"55873420\">solitary confinement<\/span> as a period of more than 15 consecutive days. These international standards consider extended isolation a form of torture. The <span data-term-id=\"55873405\">federal government<\/span> hasn&#8217;t adopted the 15-day limit, but several states have passed legislation limiting <span data-term-id=\"55873420\">solitary confinement<\/span> in line with international standards. <span data-term-id=\"55873403\">New York<\/span>, Connecticut, and Nevada have all enacted reforms that restrict how long officials can keep someone in isolation.<\/p>\n<h3><span data-term-id=\"55873395\">Excessive Force<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>One of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/other-constitutional-rights\/rights-of-inmates.html\">claims prisoners can make<\/a>\u00a0under the <span data-term-id=\"55873387\">Eighth Amendment<\/span>\u2019s <span data-term-id=\"55873386\">cruel and unusual punishment<\/span> clause is <span data-term-id=\"55873395\">excessive force<\/span>. Physical force and restraints are commonplace in a prison setting and may be required to maintain order and safety. In a prison environment, what constitutes &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-procedure\/excessive-force-and-police-brutality.html\"><span data-term-id=\"55873395\">excessive force<\/span><\/a>?&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>In\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/us-supreme-court\/503\/1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Hudson v. McMillian<\/em><\/a><em>\u00a0(1992)<\/em>, prison guards beat an inmate in plain view of a supervisor while he was handcuffed and shackled. A question in the case was whether the prisoner had suffered a &#8220;significant injury\u201d or whether his injuries were minor, requiring no <span data-term-id=\"55873410\">medical attention<\/span>. The <span data-term-id=\"55873388\">Supreme Court<\/span> held that an inmate does not need to show a significant injury, only one that\u2019s &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/de-minimis.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">de minimis<\/a>,&#8221; or unimportant.<\/p>\n<p>The Court held that <span data-term-id=\"55873395\">excessive force<\/span> cases must focus on the application of force. The analysis does not focus on the actual injury. Courts must determine whether the force was &#8220;applied in a good faith effort to maintain or restore discipline or maliciously and sadistically for the very purpose of causing harm.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Under this standard, then, a successful <span data-term-id=\"55873395\">excessive force<\/span> case must show that the application of force was:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Not in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/good-faith.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">good faith<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Not part of an effort to restore discipline<\/li>\n<li>Based, even in part, on\u00a0malicious\u00a0and sadistic intent<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If you can show that officials acted with malicious and sadistic intent to cause harm rather than in a good-faith effort to maintain order, the use of force violates the <span data-term-id=\"55873387\">Eighth Amendment<\/span>. This can provide the basis for a lawsuit.<\/p>\n<h2>How State Standards Can Vary<\/h2>\n<p>The <span data-term-id=\"55873387\">Eighth Amendment<\/span> provides baseline protections under the <span data-term-id=\"55873389\">U.S. Constitution<\/span>. However, some states offer broader protections through their own constitutional provisions or state laws.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Since approximately 87% of incarcerated people are held in state facilities, state-specific standards are extremely important. States may have different medical requirements, environmental protection policies, or use-of-force policies.<\/p>\n<p>For instance, the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.prisonlegalnews.org\/news\/2018\/sep\/3\/some-arizona-prison-logs-show-temperatures-119-degrees-others-falsified\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Arizona Department of Corrections (ADC)<\/a>\u00a0is required to monitor and log the temperature of state prisons. The state recorded excessive temperatures at some facilities, reaching 119 degrees. As a result, state prisons required ADC to move prisoners to climate-controlled units with temperatures of 85 degrees or lower. This applies in particular to heat-sensitive prisoners.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>States like Colorado and <span data-term-id=\"55873403\">New York<\/span> have their own laws regarding <span data-term-id=\"55873420\">solitary confinement<\/span>. Colorado enacted\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/leg.colorado.gov\/bill_files\/52065\/download\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">legislation<\/a>\u00a0in 2021 that prohibits placing incarcerated individuals in <span data-term-id=\"55873420\">solitary confinement<\/span> if they are pregnant, postpartum, juveniles, have serious mental illness, or have intellectual disabilities. The law also requires jails to keep a record of their use of <span data-term-id=\"55873420\">solitary confinement<\/span>. They must inform the incarcerated&#8217;s <span data-term-id=\"55873428\">family members<\/span> within 12 hours of being placed in confinement.<\/p>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"55873403\">New York<\/span> enacted the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nyassembly.gov\/leg\/?default_fld=&amp;leg_video=&amp;bn=A02500&amp;term=2019&amp;Summary=Y&amp;Actions=Y&amp;Committee%26nbspVotes=Y&amp;Floor%26nbspVotes=Y&amp;Memo=Y&amp;Text=Y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HALT <span data-term-id=\"55873420\">Solitary Confinement<\/span> Act<\/a>\u00a0in 2021. This Act limits <span data-term-id=\"55873420\">solitary confinement<\/span> to a maximum of 15 consecutive days or 20 days in a 60-day period.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Understanding your specific state&#8217;s standards and procedures is critical when challenging <span data-term-id=\"55873413\">prison conditions<\/span>. That is why it is important to <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">seek <span data-term-id=\"55873411\">legal advice<\/span><\/a> when facing a violation of your <span data-term-id=\"55873400\">Eighth Amendment<\/span><span data-term-id=\"55873400\"> rights<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h2>How To Challenge <span data-term-id=\"55873413\">Prison Conditions<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Prisoners are allowed to challenge the conditions of their confinement. To do so, a prisoner may have to show that the institution&#8217;s officials acted with &#8220;<span data-term-id=\"55873391\">deliberate indifference<\/span>&#8221; to the <span data-term-id=\"55873425\">prisoner&#8217;s rights<\/span>. This includes showing that:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The institution&#8217;s employees were aware of some danger or <span data-term-id=\"55873424\">risk of harm<\/span> to an inmate<\/li>\n<li>The employees chose not to take any steps to remedy the problem<\/li>\n<li>The inmate&#8217;s fundamental rights were violated as a result<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"55873391\">Deliberate indifference<\/span> is a relatively high standard to meet. The inmate must show more than mere negligence on the part of corrections personnel.<\/p>\n<p>In\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/us-supreme-court\/429\/97.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Estelle v. Gamble (1976)<\/em><\/a><em>,<\/em> the <span data-term-id=\"55873388\">Supreme Court<\/span> established the &#8220;<span data-term-id=\"55873391\">deliberate indifference<\/span>&#8221; standard. The <span data-term-id=\"55873388\">Supreme Court<\/span> recognized that the government must provide <span data-term-id=\"55873390\">medical care<\/span> to prisoners. Failure to do so constitutes <span data-term-id=\"55873386\">cruel and unusual punishment<\/span>. The court concluded that &#8220;<span data-term-id=\"55873391\">deliberate indifference<\/span> to serious medical needs of prisoners constitutes the unnecessary and <span data-term-id=\"55873402\">wanton infliction of pain<\/span>.&#8221; To claim <span data-term-id=\"55873391\">deliberate indifference<\/span> regarding medical needs, you must prove officials deliberately disregarded your serious medical needs. You can show this through what they did or failed to do.<\/p>\n<h3>How To File Grievances<\/h3>\n<p>Both incarcerated people and their families have the right to challenge unconstitutional conditions. If you&#8217;re incarcerated, you can file claims for the following conditions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Inadequate <span data-term-id=\"55873390\">medical care<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"55873395\">Excessive force<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Unsanitary conditions<\/li>\n<li>Insufficient food<\/li>\n<li>Extreme temperatures<\/li>\n<li>Failure to protect you from violence and<\/li>\n<li>Prolonged isolation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"55873428\">Family members<\/span> can file\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/us\/title-42-the-public-health-and-welfare\/42-usc-sect-1983\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"55873392\">civil rights<\/span> lawsuits<\/a>\u00a0when <span data-term-id=\"55873413\">prison conditions<\/span> cause injury or death.<\/p>\n<h3>Exhaust the Administrative Process<\/h3>\n<p>Prisoners who file claims of <span data-term-id=\"55873386\">cruel and unusual punishment<\/span> must do so\u00a0administratively. They must exhaust their claims through the relevant agencies before filing their case in court.<\/p>\n<p>The administrative process differs by state. In general, it begins with the prisoner submitting a form. The form must detail the events at issue and request relief from the prison system.<\/p>\n<p>Common reasons a court will dismiss an inmate\u2019s <span data-term-id=\"55873395\">excessive force<\/span> complaint can include failure to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Include all\u00a0allegations\u00a0in their\u00a0complaint\u00a0in their original administrative claim form<\/li>\n<li>Fully\u00a0exhaust\u00a0their claim at each level of review before filing their complaint in court<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Filing a post-conviction administrative claim can be challenging. An <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">attorney\u00a0can advise you<\/a> about your state\u2019s administrative process.<\/p>\n<h2>When To Contact an Attorney<\/h2>\n<p>Challenging <span data-term-id=\"55873413\">prison conditions<\/span> and particular punishment require a careful understanding of the criminal justice system. Before you can file a case in court, the law requires you to exhaust the grievance process first. Consider talking to a criminal defense or <span data-term-id=\"55873430\">civil rights<\/span><span data-term-id=\"55873430\"> attorney<\/span> experienced in <span data-term-id=\"55873425\">prisoners&#8217; rights<\/span> cases. They can help you document violations and meet the administrative guidelines. They can also help you assess if your situation meets the cruel and unusual forms of punishment that violate your <span data-term-id=\"55873401\">constitutional rights<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>FindLaw&#8217;s directory can help you find <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>criminal defense attorneys<\/u><\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/civil-rights\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"55873430\">civil rights<\/span><span data-term-id=\"55873430\"> attorneys<\/span><\/a> near you. Many law offices offer free consultations. This can help you understand whether you have a viable claim and the next steps you can take.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                       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<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn about cruel and unusual punishment protections under the Eighth Amendment, including prison conditions, medical care, and excessive force. FindLaw explains your rights.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41135,"featured_media":0,"parent":352345,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/ArticleWithBreadcrumbsController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":[]},"categories":[2729],"tags":[],"state_laws_tags":[],"flmsa":[],"class_list":["post-352352","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-criminal"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352352","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/41135"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=352352"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352352\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":392249,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352352\/revisions\/392249"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352345"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=352352"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=352352"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=352352"},{"taxonomy":"state_laws_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/state_laws_tags?post=352352"},{"taxonomy":"flmsa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/flmsa?post=352352"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}