{"id":352521,"date":"2016-04-04T10:42:05","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:42:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/consumer\/consumer-transactions\/warranty-laws-and-the-magnuson-moss-warranty-act.html"},"modified":"2024-03-21T10:59:05","modified_gmt":"2024-03-21T15:59:05","slug":"warranty-laws-and-the-magnuson-moss-warranty-act","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/consumer-transactions\/warranty-laws-and-the-magnuson-moss-warranty-act.html","title":{"rendered":"Warranty Laws and the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Warranty Laws and the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act <\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/hannah-hilst\/\">Hannah Hilst<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-bender-esq\/\">Melissa Bender, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            March 21, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <p>The Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act is a federal law governing consumer product warranties, enacted in 1975. It requires manufacturers and sellers to provide clear warranty details and facilitates informal dispute resolution while allowing consumers to seek court remedies for warranty breaches. It covers most consumer products with written warranties but excludes services, resale products, and products for commercial use. The Act prohibits deceptive warranty terms, tie-in sales provisions, and limits on implied warranties, protecting consumer rights and ensuring fair warranty practices.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>If you own a product with a written warranty, understanding the Magnuson-Moss Act can help you detect unfair terms. You may also want to know how this law applies to a warranty claim if an item falls short of its promises.<\/p>\n<p>Passed by Congress in 1975, the Magnuson-Moss Act is the federal law that governs consumer product warranties. Manufacturers and sellers must provide consumers with clear details about warranty coverage.<\/p>\n<p>The Magnuson-Moss&nbsp;Act affects the rights of consumers and the obligations of businesses (the warrantors). The Act promotes resolving disputes informally but&nbsp;also makes it easier for consumers to seek a remedy for breach of warranty in court.<\/p>\n<h2>What the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act Covers<\/h2>\n<p>The Act covers warranties for most types of consumer products,&nbsp;as long as the seller or manufacturer made explicit guarantees in writing. Merchants who offer written warranties and service contracts must disclose and describe their terms.<\/p>\n<p>The Magnuson-Moss Act doesn&#8217;t require manufacturers or sellers to provide written warranties.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/consumer-transactions\/what-are-express-and-implied-warranties.html\">Express warranties<\/a>&nbsp;are optional for businesses. A&nbsp;product without any written warranty might still have&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/consumer-transactions\/what-is-an-implied-warranty-.html\">implied warranty coverage<\/a>&nbsp;under state laws.<\/p>\n<h3>Excluded Purchases<\/h3>\n<p>The Act applies only to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/consumer-transactions.html\">consumer products<\/a>, so it doesn&#8217;t cover warranties for the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Services<\/li>\n<li>Products sold for resale<\/li>\n<li>Products for commercial use<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>With some exceptions, this federal warranty law only applies to tangible property for personal or household purposes.<\/p>\n<p>For example, the Act covers most car sales because they often&nbsp;have written warranties. A car is a tangible item, and its main purpose is personal transportation. This Act is known as the federal&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/lemon-law.html\">lemon law<\/a>&nbsp;since it protects consumers with defective vehicles.<\/p>\n<h2>Requirements of the Magnuson-Moss Act<\/h2>\n<p>The Magnuson-Moss Act specifies many&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ftc.gov\/tips-advice\/business-center\/businesspersons-guide-federal-warranty-law#Magnuson-Moss\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">requirements for warrantors<\/a>. Congress also directed the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to adopt rules to cover other requirements.<\/p>\n<p>The Act and the FTC Rules provide three basic requirements that apply to either warrantors or sellers:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Warrantors must describe the warranty as either a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/consumer-transactions\/difference-between-a-full-warranty-and-a-limited-warranty.html\">limited or full warranty.<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Warrantors must state certain information (listed in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/us\/title-15-commerce-and-trade\/15-usc-sect-2302\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">15 U.S.C. \u00a7 2302<\/a>) about the warranty coverage in a single, clear, and easily readable document.<\/li>\n<li>Warrantors or sellers must ensure the warranty is available where the warranted consumer product is sold so consumers can read the warranty before buying.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The warranty title requirement applies to all written warranties on consumer products costing more than $10. The disclosure and pre-sale warranty availability requirements apply to all written warranties on consumer products costing more than $15.<\/p>\n<h2>The Magnuson-Moss Act Bans Certain Warranty Terms<\/h2>\n<p>Businesses must avoid certain&nbsp;missteps when advertising products and creating warranties. As a customer, you may encounter one or more of these issues. There may be exceptions to these rules.<\/p>\n<h3>No Disclaimer of Implied Warranties<\/h3>\n<p>The Act prohibits anyone who offers a written warranty from disclaiming or modifying implied warranties. No matter how narrowly written the warranty is, you&#8217;ll always receive basic protection from the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/consumer-transactions\/what-is-the-warranty-of-merchantability.html\">implied warranty of merchantability<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>This law allows a seller to disclaim an implied warranty if the manufacturer already offers a written one. The seller must give you copies of the manufacturer&#8217;s written warranty.<\/p>\n<p>For example, you might buy a name-brand appliance from a local store. If the store doesn&#8217;t offer its own written warranty but the name-brand company does, the store can avoid implied warranty obligations. You would have to contact the name-brand company for repairs or replacements.<\/p>\n<h3>No Modification of Implied Warranties<\/h3>\n<p>In most cases, sellers can&#8217;t use their warranties to override the legal obligations of implied warranties. However, businesses can&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/us\/title-15-commerce-and-trade\/15-usc-sect-2308.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">modify implied warranties<\/a>&nbsp;in one specific scenario.<\/p>\n<p>If a warrantor offers a limited written warranty, it can change the duration of the implied warranty to match the limited warranty period. If the written warranty only covers your purchase for three months, so can the implied warranty.<\/p>\n<h3>No&nbsp;Tie-In Sales&nbsp;Requirements<\/h3>\n<p>In general, tie-in sales provisions are illegal. A tie-in sales provision requires buying a particular item or service from a specified company to use with your product. This type of provision claims you&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/consumer-transactions\/what-will-void-a-warranty-.html\">won&#8217;t get warranty benefits<\/a>&nbsp;if you buy a similar thing from a different company.<\/p>\n<p>For example, the following illustrates a prohibited tie-in sales provision:<\/p>\n<p>In order to keep your new X Brand Lawnmower warranty in effect, you must use genuine X Brand Lawnmower Blades. Failure to have scheduled maintenance performed by the Y Maintenance Company, Inc., at your expense, voids this warranty.<\/p>\n<p>A company can&nbsp;argue that it has the only proper replacement parts or service available for an item. The FTC may grant a special waiver for those rare cases.<\/p>\n<h3>No Deceptive Warranty Terms<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/consumer-laws\/details-on-state-deceptive-trade-practices.html\">Deceptive or misleading<\/a>&nbsp;terms in a warranty are prohibited. A seller can&#8217;t claim that its warranty covers something it doesn&#8217;t. A warranty promising a service that the warrantor has no intention of providing or can&#8217;t provide is deceptive and unlawful.<\/p>\n<h2>Consumer Disputes and Lawsuits<\/h2>\n<p>Under the Magnuson-Moss Act, a breach of warranty violates federal law. This distinction makes it easier to sue a business if it fails to follow the written warranty.<\/p>\n<p>The Act provides the following benefits to consumers during a dispute:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>You can have more control over whether to bring your case to federal or state court. A consumer may take a case to federal court by claiming at least $50,000 in economic damages. This amount is lower than the typical requirement for federal cases.<\/li>\n<li>You may recover court costs, expenses, and attorneys&#8217; fees if you win your case.<\/li>\n<li>If many consumers share the same problem with a written warranty, they can bring their case to federal court as a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/litigation\/legal-system\/class-action-cases.html\">class action suit<\/a>&nbsp;under the Act.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The Act also encourages companies to use informal dispute resolution to address warranty disputes with customers. Through a warranty&#8217;s terms, businesses can require customers to try&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/adr\/arbitration\/can-i-sue-if-i-signed-an-arbitration-agreement-.html\">arbitration<\/a>&nbsp;or mediation before going to court. The process must follow the FTC&#8217;s&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecfr.gov\/current\/title-16\/chapter-I\/subchapter-G\/part-703\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dispute Resolution Rule<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Discuss Your Product Warranty Rights<\/h2>\n<p>Understanding warranties and the Magnuson-Moss Act can be challenging. You may want to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/consumer-protection\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact a consumer protection attorney<\/a>&nbsp;if you have a warranty dispute, consequential damages, or need more information about warranty law.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" 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11.0745 20.2154 11.4432C19.7859 11.8119 19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                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was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                        >Solved my problem<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--negative\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this not helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n                        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Missing Information\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Out of date\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                        >Out of date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\"><div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Consumer legal issues typically need an attorney&#8217;s support\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    You can hire an attorney to enforce your rights for safe products, fair transactions, and legal credit, banking and related financial matters\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>Legal cases for identity theft, scams, or the Equal Credit Opportunity Act can be complicated and slow. 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