{"id":352736,"date":"2022-08-19T07:42:45","date_gmt":"2022-08-19T12:42:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html"},"modified":"2023-12-12T15:41:34","modified_gmt":"2023-12-12T20:41:34","slug":"asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html","title":{"rendered":"Asylum Claims and Eligibility: FAQ"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Asylum Claims and Eligibility: FAQ<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/lyle-therese-a-hilotin-lee-j-d\/\">Lyle Therese A. Hilotin-Lee, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/meagan-neil-esq\/\">Meagan Neil, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            December 12, 2023\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n    <div class=\"fl-callout-text article-blockquote\">\n        <p><span data-term-id=\"58411598\">Asylum <\/span><span data-term-id=\"58411567\">eligibility<\/span> in the U.S. depends on showing a <span data-term-id=\"58411585\">credible <\/span><span data-term-id=\"58411575\">fear<\/span><span data-term-id=\"58411575\"> of persecution<\/span> and meeting the legal <span data-term-id=\"58411604\">definition of a refugee<\/span>. Many people have questions about who qualifies, how to apply, and what factors\u2014like timing, <span data-term-id=\"58411620\">country of origin<\/span>, or family considerations\u2014might affect their claim.<\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This FAQ answers common questions about <span data-term-id=\"58411581\">asylum claims<\/span> and <span data-term-id=\"58411567\">eligibility<\/span>. This will help you better understand the process and what to expect as you seek refuge in the U.S.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Eligible\">Who is eligible to apply for asylum?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Isnt\">Who isn\u2019t eligible?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Time\">How much time do I have to apply?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Apply\">How do I apply for asylum?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Illegally\">Can I apply for asylum if I am illegally in the U.S.?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Criminal\">Can I still apply for asylum if I have a criminal conviction?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Spouse\">What about my spouse and children?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Fee\">What is the fee for asylum in the U.S.?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Judge\">How does the <span data-term-id=\"58411580\">asylum officer<\/span> or <span data-term-id=\"58411569\">immigration judge<\/span> determine if I am eligible for asylum?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Bring\">What should I bring to the <span data-term-id=\"58411618\">asylum interview<\/span>?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Interview\">What will happen at my <span data-term-id=\"58411618\">asylum interview<\/span>?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Officer\">How will the <span data-term-id=\"58411580\">asylum officer<\/span> make the decision whether to grant me asylum?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Decision\">When will I know about the decision on my <span data-term-id=\"58411581\">asylum claim<\/span>?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Petition\">Will I be able to petition to bring my family to the U.S.?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Resident\">When can I apply to become a <span data-term-id=\"58411611\">lawful <\/span><span data-term-id=\"58411578\">permanent resident<\/span>?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Work\">Will I get a work permit?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Travel\">Can I travel outside the U.S.?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-eligibility-and-asylum-claims-faq.html#Help\">Should I get legal help with my asylum claim?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Immigration rules are constantly evolving, and your circumstances are unique. An <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/immigration-naturalization-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">immigration attorney<\/a> near you can answer your questions and provide guidance tailored to your situation.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Eligible\"><\/a>Who Is Eligible to Apply for Asylum?<\/h2>\n<p>To apply for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-and-refugees-overview.html\">asylum in the United States<\/a>, you may:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ask for asylum at a <span data-term-id=\"58411583\">port of entry<\/span> (airport, seaport, or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/visas\/border-entry-rules.html\">border crossing<\/a>), or<\/li>\n<li>File\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/i-589\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"58411593\">Form I-589<\/span><\/a>, <span data-term-id=\"58411610\">Application for Asylum<\/span> and <span data-term-id=\"58411572\">Withholding of Removal<\/span>, at the appropriate Service Center within one year of your arrival in the United States.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You can apply for asylum regardless of your <span data-term-id=\"58411582\">immigration status<\/span>, whether in the United States lawfully as a migrant or not.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Isnt\"><\/a>Who Isn&#8217;t Eligible to Apply for Asylum?<\/h2>\n<p>You cannot apply for asylum in the United States if you pass through a safe <span data-term-id=\"58411596\">third country<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>For instance, Canada and the U.S. signed a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/immigration-refugees-citizenship\/corporate\/mandate\/policies-operational-instructions-agreements\/agreements\/safe-third-country-agreement\/final-text.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">safe third-party agreement<\/a>\u00a0in 2004. The agreement states that both countries are safe for refugees. It forces applicants to seek refugee protection in the first &#8220;safe country&#8221; they pass through. This agreement does not apply to Canadian citizens and stateless persons.<\/p>\n<p>The <span data-term-id=\"58411612\">U.S. government<\/span> encourages migrants to enter the U.S. legally, safely, and orderly. The \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/humanitarian\/refugees-and-asylum\/asylum#:~:text=ALERT%3A%20Court%20Order,the%20United%20States.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Circumvention of Lawful Pathways<\/a>\u201d rule, established on Aug. 3, 2023, offers crucial rules on processing people crossing the U.S. border without authorization.<\/p>\n<p>According to the final rule, noncitizens who cross the southwest U.S. border without having done the following are ineligible for asylum:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Did not use the existing lawful immigration process<\/li>\n<li>Did not lawfully present at the <span data-term-id=\"58411583\">port of entry<\/span> at a rescheduled time, the <span data-term-id=\"58411600\">CBP<\/span> One app, or<\/li>\n<li>Did not seek asylum in the <span data-term-id=\"58411596\">third country<\/span> through which they traveled<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The immigration review board will consider these factors. But migrants can rebut these presumptions by showing <span data-term-id=\"58411624\">exceptional circumstances<\/span>. They should show that at the time of their unauthorized entry, they or the members of their family who were traveling:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Faced extreme and imminent threats to safety or life. This may include threat of kidnapping, torture, rape, or murder<\/li>\n<li>Faced an acute medical emergency<\/li>\n<li>Were victims of severe forms of human trafficking<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The Donald Trump and Joe Biden administrations tried to apply the safe <span data-term-id=\"58411596\">third country<\/span> rule to <span data-term-id=\"58411579\">asylum seekers<\/span> crossing U.S. borders. In the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2019\/07\/16\/2019-15246\/asylum-eligibility-and-procedural-modifications\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"58411598\">Asylum <\/span><span data-term-id=\"58411567\">Eligibility<\/span> and Procedural Modifications<\/a>, the Department of <span data-term-id=\"58411597\">Homeland Security<\/span> (<span data-term-id=\"58411587\">DHS<\/span>) bars applicants from applying for asylum if they cross the southern border without applying for asylum in a <span data-term-id=\"58411596\">third country<\/span>. This rule was then strengthened by the passage of the &#8220;Circumvention of Lawful Pathways&#8221; law on Aug. 3, 2023.<\/p>\n<p>Lastly, you cannot reapply for asylum if you applied or the <span data-term-id=\"58411569\">immigration judge<\/span> or <span data-term-id=\"58411607\">Board of Immigration Appeals<\/span> denied your application. This is the case unless you can show that a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-applications-what-are-changed-circumstances.html\">change of circumstances<\/a> materially affects your <span data-term-id=\"58411567\">eligibility<\/span> for asylum.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Time\"><\/a>How Much Time Do I Have to Apply?<\/h2>\n<p>You must\u00a0apply for asylum\u00a0within one year of your last arrival in the United States. You can also apply for asylum later than one year if you meet one of the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Circumstances have changed, which now make you eligible for asylum.<\/li>\n<li>Extraordinary circumstances prevent you from filing within one year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>These may include specific changes in the conditions in your country, certain changes in your circumstances, and other events.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Apply\"><\/a>How Do I Apply for Asylum?<\/h2>\n<p>Each year, there are thousands of migrants <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/applying-for-resettlement-in-the-u-s-as-a-refugee.html\">coming to the U.S. with <span data-term-id=\"58411573\">asylee<\/span> or <span data-term-id=\"58411601\">refugee status<\/span><\/a>. They often suffered persecution due to their religion, race, nationality, <span data-term-id=\"58411565\">political opinion<\/span>, or membership in a <span data-term-id=\"58411570\">particular social group<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>But you can only file an <span data-term-id=\"58411566\">asylum application<\/span> if you are physically present in the United States and not a <span data-term-id=\"58411619\">U.S. citizen<\/span>. You can stay in the United States if you are eligible for <span data-term-id=\"58411566\">asylum application<\/span>. To start the process, file the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/i-589\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"58411610\">Application for Asylum<\/span> and <span data-term-id=\"58411572\">Withholding of Removal<\/span> (<span data-term-id=\"58411593\">Form I-589<\/span>)<\/a>\u00a0within one year of arrival in the country.<\/p>\n<p>If you fail to file this application\u00a0within one year\u00a0of arrival in the U.S., you may not be eligible to apply for asylum. This rule follows\u00a0Section 208(a)(2)(B)\u00a0of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/immigration-laws-and-resources\/basic-immigration-laws.html\"><span data-term-id=\"58411591\">Immigration and Nationality Act<\/span><\/a> (<span data-term-id=\"58411595\">INA<\/span>).<\/p>\n<p>There are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/affirmative-asylum-applications-vs-defensive-asylum-applications.html\">two ways of applying for asylum<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"58411609\">Affirmative <\/span><span data-term-id=\"58411566\">asylum applications<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"58411594\">Defensive <\/span><span data-term-id=\"58411566\">asylum<\/span><span data-term-id=\"58411566\"> applications<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><a id=\"Illegally\"><\/a>Can I Apply for Asylum If I Am Illegally in the U.S.?<\/h2>\n<p>Yes, you can apply even if you are here illegally. You may\u00a0apply for asylum\u00a0regardless of your <span data-term-id=\"58411582\">immigration status<\/span> if:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>You file your application within one year of your last arrival; or<\/li>\n<li>You show that you are eligible for an exception to that rule based on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-applications-what-are-changed-circumstances.html\">changed circumstances or extraordinary circumstances<\/a>. You will also need to show that you filed for asylum within a reasonable amount of time, given those circumstances.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><a id=\"Criminal\"><\/a>Can I Still Apply for Asylum if I Have a Criminal Conviction?<\/h2>\n<p>Yes, you can still apply. But depending on the crime, they might not grant you asylum. Remember to disclose any criminal history on your <span data-term-id=\"58411593\">Form I-589<\/span> and at your <span data-term-id=\"58411618\">asylum interview<\/span>. If you fail to disclose this information, they might refer your <span data-term-id=\"58411581\">asylum claim<\/span> to the <span data-term-id=\"58411576\">Immigration Court<\/span>, and you could face fines or imprisonment for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/perjury.html\">committing\u00a0perjury<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Spouse\"><\/a>What About My Spouse and Children?<\/h2>\n<p>You must list\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/family\/family-refugees-asylees\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">your spouse and all your children<\/a>\u00a0on your <span data-term-id=\"58411593\">Form I-589<\/span>. This applies regardless of their age, marital status, or whether they are in the United States. It is also regardless if they\u2019re filing a separate <span data-term-id=\"58411566\">asylum application<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>You can ask to include your spouse and children under 21 and unmarried in your asylum decision if they are in the United States. This means that if you receive asylum, they will also get it and can stay in the United States. But if they refer you to the <span data-term-id=\"58411576\">Immigration Court<\/span> for removal, they will also refer you to the court for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/deportation-removal\/overview-of-removal-procedures.html\"><span data-term-id=\"58411590\">removal proceedings<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>You should read the instructions on <span data-term-id=\"58411593\">Form I-589<\/span> for information on the documents you need to submit to show your family relationships. This can include marriage certificates and birth certificates.<\/p>\n<p>Married children and children who are 21 years of age or older, when you submit your <span data-term-id=\"58411566\">asylum application<\/span>, must file their <span data-term-id=\"58411566\">asylum applications<\/span> using <span data-term-id=\"58411593\">Form I-589<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Once you get asylum, you can also ask the government to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bring your spouse and children to the United States<\/li>\n<li>Allow those already here but not included in your asylum decision to remain in the U.S.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><a id=\"Fee\"><\/a>What Is the Fee for Asylum?<\/h2>\n<p>There is\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/humanitarian\/refugees-and-asylum\/asylum#:~:text=There%20is%20no%20fee%20to%20apply%20for%20asylum.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">no fee to apply<\/a>\u00a0for asylum. But be aware of scammers. Some entities may falsely claim fees or other related payments to the <span data-term-id=\"58411577\">asylum process<\/span>. When in doubt, refer to the <span data-term-id=\"58411574\">USCIS<\/span> webpage or seek legal advice from an\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/immigration-naturalization-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"58411588\">immigration law<\/span> attorney<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Judge\"><\/a>How Does the Asylum Officer or Immigration Judge Determine If I Am Eligible for Asylum?<\/h2>\n<p>You must meet the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/humanitarian\/refugees-asylum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"58411604\">definition of a refugee<\/span><\/a> for the <span data-term-id=\"58411580\">asylum officer<\/span> or <span data-term-id=\"58411569\">immigration judge<\/span> to conclude you are eligible for asylum. A refugee is:<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Someone who is unable or unwilling to return to and avail himself or herself of the protection of his or her <span data-term-id=\"58411571\">home country<\/span> or, if stateless, country of last habitual residence because of persecution or a <span data-term-id=\"58411599\">well-founded <\/span><span data-term-id=\"58411575\">fear of persecution<\/span> on <span data-term-id=\"58411623\">account of race<\/span>, religion, nationality, membership in a <span data-term-id=\"58411570\">particular social group<\/span>, or <span data-term-id=\"58411565\">political opinion<\/span>.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>An officer or judge will use the information you provide on your application and in your interview or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/asylum-hearings.html\">hearing<\/a>\u00a0to decide if you meet this definition.<\/p>\n<p>The <span data-term-id=\"58411580\">asylum officer<\/span> or <span data-term-id=\"58411569\">immigration judge<\/span> will also consider whether any exceptions apply. The law states that you will not get asylum if you:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ordered, incited, assisted, or otherwise participated in the\u00a0persecution\u00a0of any person on <span data-term-id=\"58411623\">account of race<\/span>, religion, nationality, membership in a <span data-term-id=\"58411570\">particular social group<\/span>, or <span data-term-id=\"58411565\">political opinion<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Were convicted of a particularly serious crime (including <span data-term-id=\"58411622\">aggravated felonies<\/span>)<\/li>\n<li>Committed a serious nonpolitical crime outside the United States<\/li>\n<li>Pose a danger to the security of the United States<\/li>\n<li>Firmly resettled in another country before arriving in the United States<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/types-of-asylum-decisions.html\">won\u2019t get asylum<\/a> if you are inadmissible to the U.S. or removable for specific reasons.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Bring\"><\/a>What Should I Bring to the Asylum Interview?<\/h2>\n<p>You <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/immigration-attorneys.html\">have the right to bring an attorney<\/a> or representative. You must bring an interpreter to your interview if you are not fluent in English.<\/p>\n<p>If your spouse and children who were under 21 at the time you filed your application are in your <span data-term-id=\"58411566\">asylum application<\/span> as dependents, they must also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/credible-fear-interview-three-key-issues.html\">appear for the interview<\/a>. They must bring any identity or travel documents they have. Although you must list all your <span data-term-id=\"58411568\">family members<\/span> on your application, you only need to bring those <span data-term-id=\"58411568\">family members<\/span> to the interview who you want to include as dependents in the asylum decision.<\/p>\n<p>You should also bring the following if available:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Some form of identification, including any passport(s), other travel or identification documents, or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbp.gov\/travel\/international-visitors\/i-94-instructions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Form I-94<\/a>\u00a0Arrival-Departure Record<\/li>\n<li>The originals of any birth certificates, marriage certificates, or other documents you submitted with your <span data-term-id=\"58411593\">Form I-589<\/span><\/li>\n<li>A copy of your <span data-term-id=\"58411610\">Application for Asylum<\/span> and for <span data-term-id=\"58411572\">Withholding of Removal<\/span> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/i-589\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"58411593\">Form I-589<\/span><\/a>) and other material that you submitted<\/li>\n<li>Any extra items that can help your claim that you have not already submitted with your application<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Note:\u00a0An adequate English translation must go with any document in a language other than English. The translator should certify that the document is complete and correct, and that they are competent to translate the language used in the document into English.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Interview\"><\/a>What Will Happen at My Asylum Interview?<\/h2>\n<p>The interview will last at least an hour, although the time may vary depending on the case. The <span data-term-id=\"58411580\">asylum officer<\/span> will generally follow these steps:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ask you to take an oath promising to tell the truth during the interview<\/li>\n<li>Verify your identity<\/li>\n<li>Ask you basic biographical questions<\/li>\n<li>Ask you about\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/credible-fear-interview-three-key-issues.html\">the reasons you are applying for asylum<\/a>. You must tell the <span data-term-id=\"58411580\">asylum officer<\/span> your experiences so they can determine whether you qualify as a refugee.<\/li>\n<li>Ask you questions to determine if any bars apply to get asylum<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Everything you say to the <span data-term-id=\"58411580\">asylum officer<\/span> will be confidential. You and your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/immigration-attorneys\/find-an-immigration-lawyer.html\">attorney or representative<\/a>, if any, will have time at the end of the interview to make a statement or add any more information. The officer will give you a decision at the <span data-term-id=\"58411618\">asylum interview<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Officer\"><\/a>How Will the Asylum Officer Make the Decision Whether to Grant Me Asylum?<\/h2>\n<p>The <span data-term-id=\"58411580\">asylum officer<\/span> will examine your testimony, the information you provide on your application, and any other materials you submit. They will determine if you are a refugee and whether mandatory bars apply. The <span data-term-id=\"58411580\">asylum officer<\/span> will also consider <span data-term-id=\"58411621\">country conditions<\/span>\u00a0information from reliable sources and\u00a0relevant law. The <span data-term-id=\"58411580\">asylum officer<\/span> will also check the credibility of your claim.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Decision\"><\/a>When Will I Know About the Decision on My Asylum Claim?<\/h2>\n<p>In some cases, you will return to the <span data-term-id=\"58411580\">asylum office<\/span> where your interview was two weeks after the interview to pick up your decision. But, there may be longer processing times if:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Your interview was at a district office.<\/li>\n<li>You are not in a valid status.<\/li>\n<li>The Asylum Division Headquarters staff will review your case.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You will <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/humanitarian\/refugees-and-asylum\/asylum\/the-affirmative-asylum-process\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">get the decision by mail<\/a> if any of these circumstances occur.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Petition\"><\/a>Will I Be Able to Petition to Bring My Family to the U.S.?<\/h2>\n<p>If granted asylum, you may request <span data-term-id=\"58411592\">asylum status<\/span> for any spouse or child not included in your <span data-term-id=\"58411566\">asylum application<\/span>. Your spouse and child are derivative <span data-term-id=\"58411573\">asylees<\/span>. For your child to qualify, they must:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Be unmarried<\/li>\n<li>Be under 21 years of age as of the date you filed the <span data-term-id=\"58411566\">asylum application<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Not having been in your <span data-term-id=\"58411581\">asylum claim<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To start the petition for <span data-term-id=\"58411577\">asylum process<\/span>, you should submit\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/i-730\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Form I-730<\/a>, Refugee and <span data-term-id=\"58411573\">Asylee<\/span> Relative Petition, to the Texas Service Center. Mail your petition to:<\/p>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"58411574\">USCIS<\/span> Texas Service Center, Attn: I-730<br \/>6046 N. Belt Line Road, Ste. 730<br \/>Irving, TX 75038-0019<\/p>\n<p>You must fill out Form I-730 for each qualifying <span data-term-id=\"58411568\">family member<\/span> within two years of the date you got <span data-term-id=\"58411592\">asylum status<\/span>. An exception is when <span data-term-id=\"58411574\">USCIS<\/span> determines that this period should be extended for other reasons.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Resident\"><\/a>When Can I Apply to Become a Lawful Permanent Resident?<\/h2>\n<p>You can apply for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/asylum-refugee\/seeking-lawful-permanent-resident-lpr-status.html\"><span data-term-id=\"58411611\">lawful <\/span><span data-term-id=\"58411578\">permanent resident<\/span> status<\/a>\u00a0(<span data-term-id=\"58411584\">green card<\/span>) after being physically present in the United States for one year after the date you got <span data-term-id=\"58411592\">asylum status<\/span>. To apply for <span data-term-id=\"58411611\">lawful <\/span><span data-term-id=\"58411578\">permanent resident<\/span> status, you must submit a separate Form I-485, Application to Register <span data-term-id=\"58411578\">Permanent Residence<\/span> or Adjust Status, for yourself and your <span data-term-id=\"58411568\">family member<\/span> who qualifies.<\/p>\n<p>Send the application to:<\/p>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"58411574\">USCIS<\/span> Texas Service Center, Attn: I-730<br \/>6046 N. Belt Line Road,\u00a0Ste. 730<br \/>Irving, TX 75038-0019<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Work\"><\/a>Will I Get a Work Authorization?<\/h2>\n<p>You can\u2019t apply for work authorization while you apply for asylum. You can work in the United States if one of the following happens:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>You get asylum.<\/li>\n<li>You get a recommended approval or conditional grant of asylum.<\/li>\n<li>150 days have passed since you filed your complete application with the Service Center, and there\u2019s still no decision on your application.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"58411574\">USCIS<\/span> has 30 days to either grant or deny your request for employment. The application for an\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/i-765\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"58411613\">Employment Authorization<\/span>\u00a0Document<\/a>\u00a0(EAD) is\u00a0Form I-765.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Travel\"><\/a>Can I Travel Outside the U.S.?<\/h2>\n<p>If you are applying for asylum and want to travel outside the United States, you must get permission before you leave the United States to return. This permission is called advance parole.<\/p>\n<p>If you leave the country without first applying for an advance parole, the <span data-term-id=\"58411574\">USCIS<\/span> will presume you have abandoned your <span data-term-id=\"58411566\">asylum application<\/span>. The <span data-term-id=\"58411574\">USCIS<\/span> might not let you return to the U.S. Also, suppose you applied for an advance parole and returned to your <span data-term-id=\"58411571\">home country<\/span>. In that case, the <span data-term-id=\"58411574\">USCIS<\/span> will presume you abandoned your asylum petition unless you presented a compelling reason for traveling back to your country of nationality.<\/p>\n<p>After the approval of your <span data-term-id=\"58411566\">asylum application<\/span>, you may apply for a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/i-131\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Refugee Travel Document<\/a>. This document will allow you to travel abroad and return to the United States.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Help\"><\/a>Should I Get Legal Help With My <span data-term-id=\"58411589\">Asylum Case<\/span>?<\/h2>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"58411581\">Asylum claims<\/span> in the U.S. can be overwhelming to navigate on your own. There are many rules, forms, and deadlines involved, and mistakes can result in delays or denials. This is why some seek legal help with the <span data-term-id=\"58411577\">asylum process<\/span>. Immigration lawyers understand how officers and judges evaluate claims, which can make a meaningful difference in the outcome of your application.<\/p>\n<p>FindLaw\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/immigration-naturalization-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">directory of immigration attorneys<\/a>\u00a0can get you started. Enter your city or ZIP code for a list of qualified legal professionals in your area. Your search results will also show important details about prospective lawyers, including ratings, languages spoken, and whether they offer free consultations.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g 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height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"><\/rect>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"No\"\n                value=\"no\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">No<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-down\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3423)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              d=\"M16 0.999995H18.67C19.236 0.989986 19.7859 1.18813 20.2154 1.55681C20.645 1.9255 20.9242 2.43905 21 3V10C20.9242 10.5609 20.645 11.0745 20.2154 11.4432C19.7859 11.8119 19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Easy to understand\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                        >Easy to understand<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Solved my problem\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                        >Solved my problem<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--negative\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this not helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n                        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Missing Information\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Out of date\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                        >Out of date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\"><div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Some people can get a green card or complete immigration forms without hiring legal help\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Complex immigration cases (such as having a criminal history or past immigration violations) may need the support of an attorney\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Some nonprofits and legal aid clinics offer low-cost or free legal help for immigration issues\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>The immigration process can be stressful and slow. An attorney can offer tailored advice and help prevent common mistakes.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link fl-flex\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link\">\n                <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <p class=\"find-attorney\">\u00a0<a title=\"Immigration Law Attorney Directory\" href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/immigration-naturalization-law\/#USER_GEO\/?fli=esum:FL29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Find a local attorney<\/a><\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"email-subscription fl-mb30\">\n    <div class=\"email-subscription-header\">\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-content\">\n            <h3 class=\"fl-callout-sm fl-no-margin\">Stay Up-to-Date With How the Law Affects Your Life<\/h3>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-image fl-flex fl-items-end\">\n       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