{"id":352830,"date":"2022-08-19T07:42:49","date_gmt":"2022-08-19T12:42:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/immigration\/immigration-laws-and-resources\/ohio-state-immigration-laws.html"},"modified":"2023-09-11T10:12:09","modified_gmt":"2023-09-11T15:12:09","slug":"ohio-state-immigration-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/immigration-laws-and-resources\/ohio-state-immigration-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"Ohio State Immigration Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Ohio State Immigration Laws<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/lyle-therese-a-hilotin-lee-j-d\/\">Lyle Therese A. Hilotin-Lee, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/meagan-neil-esq\/\">Meagan Neil, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            September 11, 2023\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n    <div class=\"fl-callout-text article-blockquote\">\n        <p>Ohio has added its own state\u2011level immigration rules that emphasize cooperation with federal enforcement and limit &#8220;sanctuary&#8221; policies. Ohio&#8217;s regulations impact how immigrant communities access services and benefits, including higher education and driver&#8217;s licenses.<\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Immigration laws are primarily enforced by federal agencies. But states have their own rules that affect the daily life of immigrants and the services they can access. These rules and regulations vary by state. States also have a significant say in how they enforce immigration laws.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>This article outlines Ohio&#8217;s immigration rules and policies. Learn more about:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Law\">Law enforcement and immigration in Ohio<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#E-Verify\">Ohio E-Verify requirements<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#License\">Driver&#8217;s license and ID requirements<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#Benefits\">Public benefits restrictions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#Education\">Education checks and in-state tuition<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#Voting\">Voting ID rules<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#Housing\">Housing ordinances and immigration<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#Attorney\">How an attorney can help<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#Resources\">Related resources<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Immigration rules continue to evolve. Anyone facing an immigration issue in Ohio should speak with a local <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/immigration-naturalization-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">immigration attorney<\/a> for up\u2011to\u2011date guidance.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Law\"><\/a>Law Enforcement and Immigration in Ohio<\/h2>\n<p>U.S. federal agencies primarily manage and enforce immigration laws. Some of these government agencies are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dhs.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Department of Homeland Security (DHS)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ice.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/fbi.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Local and state authorities also work with the federal government on immigration law. For instance, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ice.gov\/identify-and-arrest\/287g\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 287(g)<\/a>\u00a0of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) highlights this collaboration.<\/p>\n<p>Section 287(g) authorized ICE to delegate to local law enforcement certain functions of immigration officers. The section allows local agencies to identify and assess noncitizens with criminal charges.<\/p>\n<p>ICE also has the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ice.gov\/identify-and-arrest\/criminal-apprehension-program#:~:text=The%20Criminal%20Apprehension%20Program%20%28CAP%29%20supports%20U.S.%20Immigration,communities%20and%20the%20integrity%20of%20U.S.%20immigration%20laws.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Criminal Apprehension Program<\/a>, which has\u00a0a similar aim. The program aims to enhance cooperation between federal agencies and local governments. This is particularly to identify and prosecute noncitizens convicted of serious crimes.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"E-Verify\"><\/a>Ohio E-Verify Requirements<\/h2>\n<p>E-Verify is an online system for employers to verify employees&#8217; employment eligibility and authorization to work in the U.S. The system compares the employee&#8217;s records with the data stored by DHS and the Social Security Administration.<\/p>\n<p>Ohio employers are <a href=\"https:\/\/fclawlib.libguides.com\/ohioemploymentlaw\/everify\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">not required to use E-Verify<\/a>. Some employers in Ohio may voluntarily opt to use the system. The system requires verification of some federal contractors and subcontractors.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"License\"><\/a>Driver&#8217;s License and ID Requirements<\/h2>\n<p>In Ohio, those who would like to get a U.S. driver&#8217;s license must present documentation proving the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Legal Name<\/li>\n<li>Date of Birth<\/li>\n<li>Social Security number (if assigned)<\/li>\n<li>U.S. citizen identification or lawful permanent resident identification<\/li>\n<li>Ohio residency identification<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Before issuing a driver&#8217;s license, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmv.ohio.gov\/driver-license.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles<\/a> (BMV) must verify a person&#8217;s lawful presence in the country. The BMV may issue regular driver&#8217;s licenses to noncitizens with permanent residency or green cards.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Benefits\"><\/a>Public Benefits Restrictions<\/h2>\n<p>Under federal law, illegal immigrants are ineligible from getting most public benefits. Specifically, some of the benefits they <a href=\"https:\/\/immigrationforum.org\/article\/fact-sheet-immigrants-and-public-benefits\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">aren&#8217;t eligible for<\/a> include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)<\/li>\n<li>Regular Medicaid<\/li>\n<li>Supplemental Security Income (SSI)<\/li>\n<li>Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>However, they can access the necessary benefits to protect their life and safety. This includes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Emergency Medicaid<\/li>\n<li>Access to healthcare and nutrition programs<\/li>\n<li>Access to treatment in emergency rooms<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><a id=\"Education\"><\/a>Education Checks and In-State Tuition<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.higheredimmigrationportal.org\/state\/ohio\/#:~:text=Ohio%20State%20Statute%203333.31%20actively%20bars%20the%20state%E2%80%99s%20undocumented%20students%20from%20accessing%20in%2Dstate%20tuition.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ohio law<\/a>\u00a0bars students living in the U.S. illegally from paying in-state tuition rates.<\/p>\n<p>But, in July 2013, the Board of Regents in Ohio modified this rule. Now, Ohio allows <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/deportation-removal\/what-is-deferred-action-for-childhood-arrivals.html\">Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals<\/a> (DACA) recipients to get this education benefit. DACA recipients may attend public universities and colleges paying in-state tuition rates. But applicants must meet the following conditions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Students whose parent, legal guardian, or spouse was a resident of Ohio for 12 consecutive months or more. The 12-month residency should be immediately before the student&#8217;s enrollment.<\/li>\n<li>Students who lived in Ohio for at least 12 consecutive months immediately before enrollment. The student must not receive financial support from residents outside of Ohio.<\/li>\n<li>Students whose parent, legal guardian, or spouse has full-time employment and a home in Ohio.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The Ohio Administrative Code also states that political refugees are eligible for the Chancellor&#8217;s consideration or review for in-state tuition.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Voting\"><\/a>Voting ID Rules<\/h2>\n<p>All eligible Ohio residents have equal access to elections. The state offers\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohiosos.gov\/globalassets\/elections\/directives\/2020\/2020-09-25.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">three different<\/a>\u00a0options for voting, which are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>By mail<\/li>\n<li>Early in-person voting (four weeks before election day)<\/li>\n<li>In-person voting on Election Day<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>People in Ohio\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohiosos.gov\/elections\/voters\/voter-eligibility-residency-reqs\/#:~:text=back%20to%20questions-,WHAT%20ARE%20THE%20QUALIFICATIONS%20TO%20REGISTER%20AND%20TO%20VOTE%20IN%20OHIO,You%20may%20request%20an%20absentee%20ballot%20during%20that%2030%20day%20period.,-back%20to%20questions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">qualified to vote<\/a>\u00a0are those who meet the following requirements:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>U.S. citizen<\/li>\n<li>At least 18 before the day of the general election<\/li>\n<li>A resident of Ohio at least 30 days immediately before election day<\/li>\n<li>Not in prison for a felony conviction<\/li>\n<li>Not declared incompetent to vote by a probate court<\/li>\n<li>Not permanently disenfranchised for violating election laws<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The state requires voters to present a valid photo identification. The photo ID should contain the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohiosos.gov\/elections\/voters\/id-requirements\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">following information<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A photo of the voter<\/li>\n<li>The voter&#8217;s name in the photo ID is the same as in the poll list<\/li>\n<li>An expiration date<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><a id=\"Housing\"><\/a>Housing Ordinances and Immigration<\/h2>\n<p>The U.S.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hud.gov\/program_offices\/fair_housing_equal_opp\/fair_housing_act_overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fair Housing Act<\/a> protects people from discrimination. It also protects people&#8217;s rights to fair housing. These rules apply to those considering renting, buying, or selling a home, or seeking housing assistance.<\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Attorney\"><\/a>Immigration Issue in Ohio? Legal Help Is Available<\/h2>\n<p><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Dealing with immigration on your own is very difficult and stressful. Understanding federal and state laws can be overwhelming, and it is natural to feel frustrated and lost in the process. Fortunately, legal help is available for immigration issues.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>An experienced immigration lawyer can support you during any immigration process, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Applying for a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/visas\/immigrant-and-non-immigrant-visa-types.html\">U.S. visa<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Pursuing U.S. citizenship through naturalization<\/li>\n<li>Applying for a green card or lawful permanent residency<\/li>\n<li>Petitioning family members to the U.S.<\/li>\n<li>Advocating for a loved one who has been detained<\/li>\n<li>Facing immigration court for a potential deportation or removal<\/li>\n<li>Other immigration problems<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">FindLaw&#8217;s <a class=\"in-cell-link\" href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/immigration-naturalization-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">directory of immigration attorneys<\/a> can get you started. Because state immigration laws are relevant, your attorney should be licensed in Ohio. Enter your city or ZIP code for a list of qualified legal professionals in your area. Your search results will also show important details about prospective lawyers, including ratings and whether they offer free consultations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Do not be afraid to talk to an immigration lawyer\u2014<a class=\"in-cell-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/hirealawyer\/do-you-need-a-lawyer\/what-is-the-attorney-client-privilege.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">attorney-client privilege<\/a> prohibits them from sharing information about your immigration status. Their role is to help you, not act as an enforcement agent.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><a id=\"Resources\"><\/a>Immigration in Ohio: Related Resources<\/h2>\n<p>Various resources in Ohio provide legal aid and guidance to immigrants. The state also has nonprofit organizations that offer services and legal help to immigrants:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.immigrationadvocates.org\/nonprofit\/legaldirectory\/organization.393251-Catholic_Charities_Diocese_of_Cleveland_Migration_and_Refugee_ServicesImmi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Catholic Charities Diocese of Cleveland<\/a>\u00a0\u2014\u00a0This charity offers legal services to low-income people regardless of immigration status.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.asiaohio.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Asian Services in Action Inc.<\/a> \u2014 This organization provides immigration legal services for immigrants and refugees in Northeast Ohio.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.immigrationadvocates.org\/nonprofit\/legaldirectory\/organization.393238-Advocates_for_Basic_Legal_Equality_Inc_Dayton_Office\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Advocates for Basic Legal Equality Inc.<\/a> \u2014 This nonprofit organization offers legal services to low-income people in Ohio.<\/span>\u00a0They help victims of human trafficking, domestic violence, and more.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/paimmigrant.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Know%20Your%20Rights%20booklet_English.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Know Your Rights<\/a> \u2014 This free legal resource explains how to protect you and your family members during immigration raids.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              d=\"M6 21H3C2.46957 21 1.96086 20.7893 1.58579 20.4142C1.21071 20.0391 1 19.5304 1 19V12C1 11.4696 1.21071 10.9609 1.58579 10.5858C1.96086 10.2107 2.46957 10 3 10H6M13 8V4C13 3.20435 12.6839 2.44129 12.1213 1.87868C11.5587 1.31607 10.7956 1 10 1L6 10V21H17.28C17.7623 21.0055 18.2304 20.8364 18.5979 20.524C18.9654 20.2116 19.2077 19.7769 19.28 19.3L20.66 10.3C20.7035 10.0134 20.6842 9.72068 20.6033 9.44225C20.5225 9.16382 20.3821 8.90629 20.1919 8.68751C20.0016 8.46873 19.7661 8.29393 19.5016 8.17522C19.2371 8.0565 18.9499 7.99672 18.66 8H13Z\"\n                              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date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div 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Learn how rules for public benefits, employment, housing, and driver\u2019s licenses apply to immigrants, and more.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41135,"featured_media":0,"parent":352785,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/ArticleWithBreadcrumbsController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":[]},"categories":[2733],"tags":[],"state_laws_tags":[],"flmsa":[],"class_list":["post-352830","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-immigration"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/41135"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=352830"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352830\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":394369,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352830\/revisions\/394369"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/352785"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=352830"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=352830"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=352830"},{"taxonomy":"state_laws_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/state_laws_tags?post=352830"},{"taxonomy":"flmsa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/flmsa?post=352830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}