{"id":353164,"date":"2016-04-04T10:46:39","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:46:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ability-fl-prod.internetbrands.com\/ability-law\/injury\/medical-malpractice\/first-steps-in-a-medical-malpractice-case.html"},"modified":"2026-07-23T12:59:00","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T17:59:00","slug":"first-steps-in-a-medical-malpractice-case","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/medical-malpractice\/first-steps-in-a-medical-malpractice-case.html","title":{"rendered":"Starting a Medical Malpractice Case: First Steps"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">First Steps in a Medical Malpractice Claim<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/hanan-zaki-j-d-ll-m\/\">Hanan Zaki, J.D., LL.M.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/katrina-wilson-esq\/\">Katrina Wilson, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            July 23, 2026\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-editorial-note fl-text-sm\">\n            <p>Featuring real-world insights from <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/delaware\/wilmington\/michael-c-dalton-NTE5NDMzNF8x\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Michael Dalton<\/a>, a Delaware attorney with more than ten years of experience.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <p data-block-id=\"b89d4013-342e-4bce-9ab0-dc38de5c860d\" data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\">The legal process for a medical malpractice claim starts with identifying negligence. You can seek advice from other doctors and <span data-term-id=\"54270034\">experienced lawyers<\/span> to help. Next, you&#8217;ll need to know your state&#8217;s filing deadline. Then, you will have to complete a certificate of merit before filing in court.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div><div>\n<div>\n<p>Medical malpractice cases arise when a patient is injured because a healthcare professional failed to meet the accepted standard of care. These cases can be difficult for the injured person or their family.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The process can be overwhelming, especially when dealing with serious medical complications. You&#8217;ll need to complete several tasks before you can bring your claim to a courtroom.<\/p>\n<p>Below are some basic first steps in bringing a medical malpractice lawsuit. No matter where you are in the legal process, it&#8217;s a good idea to get legal advice. Find a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/medical-malpractice\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">medical malpractice lawyer<\/a> near you to get a case review.<\/p>\n<h2>How To Tell if a Medical Care Provider Was Negligent<\/h2>\n<p>The majority of healthcare providers aim to exercise the highest standard of care for all patients, but mistakes happen. As <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/delaware\/wilmington\/michael-c-dalton-NTE5NDMzNF8x\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">medical malpractice lawyer Michael Dalton<\/a> puts it, &#8220;<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Almost everyone we speak with has had a bad experience with a medical provider or institution. Bad outcomes happen regularly in medicine, but a bad outcome alone is not negligence.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>You or a loved one may have a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/medical-malpractice\/medical-malpractice-overview.html\">medical malpractice<\/a> claim if you suffered a personal injury due to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Poor or substandard medical care<\/li>\n<li>Misdiagnosis<\/li>\n<li>Lack of consent<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/medical-malpractice\/breaches-of-doctor-patient-confidentiality.html\">Breach of doctor-patient confidentiality<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To prove medical negligence, however, Dalton explains that you need a combination of these elements:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Liability (duty of care and breach of that care)<\/li>\n<li>Causation<\/li>\n<li>Damages<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Let&#8217;s break that down:<\/p>\n<h3>Liability and the Duty of Care<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In legal terms, medical negligence is the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/medical-malpractice\/proving-fault-in-medical-malpractice-cases.html\">failure to provide proper care.<\/a><span style=\"background-color: transparent;\">\u00a0Medical negligence asks whether a patient would have received the same\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/medical-malpractice\/sub-standard-care-treatment-or-surgery.html\">quality of care<\/a><span style=\"background-color: transparent;\"> from another provider under similar circumstances. The essential question in determining liability is: Did the medical professional breach their duty of care?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;An expert will be able to say to what degree the defendant\u2019s actions fell below the standard of care,&#8221; Dalton explains. Your attorney can help you find the right experts for your case.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Causation<\/h3>\n<p>Did the medical professional\/institution actually cause your injuries? This may seem like a simple &#8220;yes,&#8221; but the answer is rarely that simple. You have to be able to show that without the medical professional&#8217;s actions, the injury would not have occurred. This gets complicated if you were under multiple treatments at the same time, you had pre-existing conditions, or if you did something that helped cause the harm.<\/p>\n<h3>Damages<\/h3>\n<p>You must be able to show that the medical professional&#8217;s actions led to actual harm. For example, Dalton asks, &#8220;<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Would the plaintiff have needed the surgery\/treatment anyway? If a doctor missed something on an exam, but another provider diagnosed the condition and treated it, there is not a claim because it did not cause any damages.&#8221; <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Medical malpractice cases are expensive and challenging to prove. According to Dalton, &#8220;your claim must have sufficient damages (e.g., death, serious physical injury, pain and suffering, or loss of past or future earnings potential) to make it worth prosecuting.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>If, after considering the factors above, you believe you have a medical malpractice claim, you should <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/medical-malpractice\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">speak with a lawyer as soon as possible<\/a>. The moment you raise concerns about your injury is the moment the provider and their insurer will start investigating. Your attorney can help evaluate and start building your case before you even take action.<\/p>\n<h2>Contact the Medical Professional Involved<\/h2>\n<p>Before filing your medical malpractice case, your attorney may recommend contacting the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/medical-malpractice\/medical-malpractice-who-can-be-sued-.html\">doctor or medical professional<\/a> who caused your injury.\u00a0 In some cases, medical providers are willing to perform services, sometimes free of charge, to correct a problem or provide a solution.<\/p>\n<h2>Contact the Relevant Medical Licensing Board<\/h2>\n<p>If contacting the medical professional does not help the situation, you or your lawyer should\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/docinfo.org\/?_ga=2.196080421.827066269.1533680490-832810604.1533680490#!\/search\/query\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact the licensing board<\/a>\u00a0that governs medical licenses.<\/p>\n<p>While licensing boards cannot order doctors to compensate you for medical bills, they can issue warnings. Licensing boards can also discipline the practitioner.<\/p>\n<h2>Know How Long You Have To File a Claim<\/h2>\n<p>When deciding whether to file a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/medical-malpractice\/medical-malpractice-in-depth.html\">medical malpractice claim<\/a>, it is important to find out the amount of time you have to legally bring the claim.<\/p>\n<p>All civil claims, including medical malpractice cases, have time limits on when they must be filed. In legal terms, time limits are called\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/time-limits-to-bring-a-case-the-statute-of-limitations.html\">statutes of limitations<\/a>.\u00a0These limits require you to file your claim within a certain time period.<\/p>\n<p>Depending on where you are, the clock starts either when the injury occurred or when you reasonably should have discovered your injury. Once time is up, you lose the ability to recover money and non-economic damages for your injuries. Check the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/accident-and-injury-laws\/civil-statute-of-limitations-laws\/\">statute of limitations in your state<\/a>\u00a0to ensure that you do not miss the deadline to file your claim.<\/p>\n<h2>Get a Medical Assessment To Confirm Your Case Has Merit<\/h2>\n<p>In medical malpractice law, some states require patients to file a certificate of merit\u00a0before or at the time they file suit. A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanbar.org\/groups\/construction_industry\/publications\/under_construction\/2020\/winter2020\/certificates-of-merit\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">certificate of merit<\/a> provides some evidence that the injuries you suffered were a result of a healthcare professional&#8217;s negligence.<\/p>\n<p>To obtain one, contact an expert witness,\u00a0usually another physician. The expert witness will review your medical records and give an expert opinion.<\/p>\n<p>The expert will certify that the healthcare provider did not use accepted medical practices and caused your injuries. Your attorney will file the certificate of merit. This confirms that you spoke with a medical expert and that your medical malpractice claim has merit.<\/p>\n<h2>Consider an Out-of-Court Settlement<\/h2>\n<p>Medical malpractice cases can be costly and take a long time. This is the reason why most cases\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/resolution-before-trial-settlement.html\">settle out of court<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Medical malpractice insurance companies reject a large number of medical malpractice claims. Trying to settle out-of-court may be safer than risking recovering nothing at trial.<\/p>\n<h2>How To File a Medical Malpractice Claim in Court<\/h2>\n<p>If you determine that your case warrants a lawsuit, a new series of steps awaits you.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>A few of the initial medical malpractice <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/litigation\/filing-a-lawsuit\/how-to-sue.html\">lawsuit steps<\/a> include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Finding an attorney who will represent you<\/li>\n<li>Gathering evidence, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/medical-malpractice\/information-for-your-lawyer-medical-background.html\">medical records and communications<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Identifying the proper court with jurisdiction<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/litigation\/filing-a-lawsuit\/starting-the-case-initial-court-papers.html\">Filing paperwork<\/a> with the court<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0Given the time limits, these steps may need to happen promptly.<\/p>\n<h2>Thinking of Filing a Medical Malpractice Case? Get Help From an Experienced Attorney<\/h2>\n<p>&#8220;The overwhelming majority of medical negligence cases return defense verdicts,&#8221; Dalton cautions. Not only do medical malpractice insurers vigorously defend these cases, but plaintiffs must also &#8220;overcome the innate sympathy and trust a jury may have for a medical provider accused of negligence.&#8221; That&#8217;s why finding a qualified medical malpractice attorney is so important when suing medical professionals.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>A medical malpractice lawyer will discuss the strengths and weaknesses of your case. They can also help you plan a course of action. Seek legal advice from a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/medical-malpractice\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">medical\u00a0malpractice attorney<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" 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                 id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\"><div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    A lawyer can help seek fair compensation on your behalf\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Medical malpractice claims are complex and insurance carriers have lawyers on their side\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    A lawyer can guide you through each phase of a lawsuit to make the process easier\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>Get tailored legal advice and ask a lawyer questions about your medical malpractice case. 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A time limit applies. FindLaw describes what to do first after a doctor or hospital injures you. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41135,"featured_media":0,"parent":353148,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/ArticleWithBreadcrumbsController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":["External Links","Alt Text for All Images","Category Assigned","SEO Title Length"]},"categories":[2734],"tags":[],"state_laws_tags":[],"flmsa":[],"class_list":["post-353164","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-injury"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/353164","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/41135"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=353164"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/353164\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":406981,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/353164\/revisions\/406981"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/353148"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=353164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=353164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=353164"},{"taxonomy":"state_laws_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/state_laws_tags?post=353164"},{"taxonomy":"flmsa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/flmsa?post=353164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}