{"id":353417,"date":"2016-04-04T10:46:59","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:46:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/assault-battery-intentional-torts.html"},"modified":"2023-08-17T11:02:15","modified_gmt":"2023-08-17T16:02:15","slug":"assault-battery-intentional-torts","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/assault-battery-intentional-torts.html","title":{"rendered":"Assault, Battery, and Intentional Torts"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Assault, Battery, and Intentional Torts<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/robert-rafii-esq\/\">Robert Rafii, Esq.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw Staff<\/a>\n                | Last reviewed\n        <time>\n                            July 25, 2025\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n    <div class=\"fl-callout-text article-blockquote\">\n        <p>Intentional torts occur when a person intentionally acts in a certain way that leads to another person&#8217;s injury. If someone assaulted and hurt you, you may have a civil personal injury claim.<\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Injuries can occur for a variety of reasons. They can happen because another person was reckless (i.e. negligent torts). They can also happen if the person intentionally inflicted an injury through offensive contact.<\/p>\n<p>Some common examples of common law intentional torts are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Assault and battery<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/civil-sexual-assault-lawsuits.html\">Sexual assault<\/a>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Trespass to land<\/li>\n<li>False imprisonment<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Intentional Harm: Civil Law vs. Criminal Law<\/h2>\n<p>Intentional torts fall under civil law, which follows the <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/preponderance-of-the-evidence.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">preponderance of the evidence<\/a> standard. Civil law also addresses the elements that a victim must prove to prevail in their case. A <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/personal-injury-plaintiff\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">personal injury lawyer<\/a> can help you with this process.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Keep in mind that certain torts, including assault and battery, can also give rise to criminal charges. These are charges that are brought against a defendant by a government prosecutor in a criminal case.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>In criminal law, assault and battery\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/assault-and-battery-overview.html\">can mean different things<\/a>. This article focuses only on civil tort cases between private parties.<\/p>\n<h2>Types of Intentional Torts<\/h2>\n<p>A tort is a civil wrong that causes harm (e.g. physical harm and emotional harm) to another person. Tort law includes a wide variety of actions. It is split up into many subcategories that cover a wide range of personal injury cases.<\/p>\n<p>One way torts are divided is by the wrongdoer&#8217;s mental state. When a person has the intent to perform a particular action against an injured party, it&#8217;s categorized as an intentional tort.<\/p>\n<p>There are various types of intentional torts that can give rise to injury claims, each with its own elements. Some intentional torts are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>False imprisonment<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/fraud.html\">Fraud<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Intentional infliction of emotional distress<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/defamation-libel-slander.html\">Defamation<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Invasion of privacy<\/li>\n<li>Trespass<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/conversion.html\">Conversion<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Intentional vs. Unintentional Injuries<\/h3>\n<p>It&#8217;s important not to confuse intentional torts with other kinds of torts. Not all torts require the wrongdoer (tortfeasor) to have intent. Their accidental actions or inaction can still be the <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/cause.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">proximate cause<\/a> of a plaintiff&#8217;s injury.<\/p>\n<p>For example, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/elements-of-a-negligence-case.html\">general negligence<\/a> claims involve a violation of the duty of care or reasonable care. In those cases, the wrongdoer likely didn&#8217;t intend to hurt the other person. Yet, they are still liable for causing harm.<\/p>\n<h2>Assault and Battery Definitions<\/h2>\n<p>Assault doesn&#8217;t require that the defendant make physical contact with the victim. Instead, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/assault-basics.html\">tort of assault<\/a> involves an intentional attempt or threat to inflict physical injury. It places another person in fear of or in reasonable apprehension of imminent bodily harm. For example, a person&#8217;s threatening behavior that results in personal property damage might not involve actual contact with an injured party. But a reasonable person in the injured party&#8217;s shoes might see the property damage as grounds to fear imminent harm to their person.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/elements-of-a-battery.html\">tort of battery<\/a>, on the other hand, is the intentional touching of another person in a harmful or offensive way <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/consent-defense-and-intentional-torts.html\">without their consent<\/a>. Although people seem to always say &#8220;assault and battery&#8221; together, they are separate torts. It&#8217;s possible to have one without the other.<\/p>\n<h3>Intent in Civil Assault and Battery Claims<\/h3>\n<p>The intent required in an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/civil-assault-cases.html\">assault or battery claim<\/a> is not the intent to cause injury. Instead, it&#8217;s the intent to perform the act that led to the assault or battery.<\/p>\n<p>For example, in order for a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/battery-basics.html\">civil battery<\/a> to occur, all a person needs to do is touch the victim without the victim&#8217;s consent. This is different from criminal battery, which requires the intent to do harm.<\/p>\n<h2>Battery in Special Situations<\/h2>\n<p>Many states have recognized battery in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/battery-in-special-situations.html\">special situations<\/a>. These situations include sports, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/domestic-violence\/filing-a-domestic-violence-lawsuit.html\">domestic violence<\/a>, and medicine.<\/p>\n<p>A medical battery can occur if a doctor performs a non-emergency procedure without obtaining consent first. This would be a medical battery because it would be an unauthorized touching of the plaintiff&#8217;s person. To recover their medical expenses, a victim of a medical battery may sue for battery as well as for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/medical-malpractice.html\">medical malpractice<\/a>. This holds true even though the latter is not necessarily an intentional tort.<\/p>\n<h2>Hiring a Personal Injury Lawyer<\/h2>\n<p>If you or someone close to you has been injured as a result of an assault, battery, or another intentional tort, you may want to consult with a local\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/personal-injury-plaintiff\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">personal injury attorney<\/a>\u00a0to see if you can recover for your injuries. It&#8217;s in your best interest to contact an attorney as soon as you can after your injury. This helps to avoid exceeding the time limit in which a personal injury lawsuit can be filed.<\/p>\n<p>A personal injury lawyer can help you establish civil liability against a wrongdoer so that you may recover <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/litigation\/legal-system\/what-are-compensatory-damages.html\">compensatory damages<\/a>, including monetary damages, for your injuries. They may even be able to help you recover punitive damages, which are available in cases where a defendant acted egregiously and maliciously.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" 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20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div 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