{"id":353431,"date":"2017-01-09T16:06:49","date_gmt":"2017-01-09T21:06:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/civil-sexual-assault-lawsuits.html"},"modified":"2023-07-26T15:05:42","modified_gmt":"2023-07-26T20:05:42","slug":"civil-sexual-assault-lawsuits","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/civil-sexual-assault-lawsuits.html","title":{"rendered":"Civil Sexual Assault Lawsuits"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Civil Sexual Assault Lawsuits<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/robert-rafii-esq\/\">Robert Rafii, Esq.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw Staff<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            July 29, 2025\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n    <div class=\"fl-callout-text article-blockquote\">\n        <p>A survivor of sexual assault can file a civil lawsuit against the offender. Recovery includes medical expenses for physical injuries, money to cover mental anguish (such as post-traumatic stress disorder), and other harms resulting from sexual acts.<\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Sexual assault impacts millions of Americans every year. It is estimated that&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rainn.org\/statistics\/victims-sexual-violence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an American is sexually assaulted<\/a> every 68 seconds. People ages 12 to 34 (including victims of childhood sexual abuse) are at the highest risk for this type of violence.<\/p>\n<p>While the criminal court system is meant to punish the individual perpetrator, it doesn&#8217;t offer direct help to a victim of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/sexual-assault-overview.html\">sexual violence<\/a>. They may suffer from lasting emotional or physical trauma because of a sexual predator.<\/p>\n<p>Yet, the victim (or their guardians, if a child is involved) may be able to file a sexual assault civil suit. This may help them recover from the physical personal injuries and mental health\/emotional harm they suffer as a result of the abuse. In particularly egregious cases, you may even be able to recover <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/legalblogs\/personal-injury\/when-can-you-sue-for-punitive-damages\">punitive damages<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Below, you will find key information about civil sexual assault lawsuits, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The differences between a criminal and civil sexual assault case<\/li>\n<li>What cause of action you may have<\/li>\n<li>What parties may be sued<\/li>\n<li>Where to go for more information<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You can get more information about your case by <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/sexual-abuse-plaintiff\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">consulting with a local attorney<\/a>. Remember, if you or someone you love has been the victim of sexual violence and is in imminent danger, contact law enforcement and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rainn.org\/about-national-sexual-assault-telephone-hotline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rape, Abuse &amp; Incest National Network<\/a>&nbsp;(RAINN) hotline immediately.<\/p>\n<h2>Differences Between Criminal and Civil Cases<\/h2>\n<p>You may be wondering why a victim would want to initiate a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/litigation\/filing-a-lawsuit\/civil-cases-the-basics.html\">civil lawsuit<\/a>&nbsp;after dealing with the anguish of a criminal case.<\/p>\n<p>But are criminal charges, criminal prosecution, and even jail time enough to punish sex abusers? What if there is no conviction?<\/p>\n<h3>Why Criminal Cases Can Be Difficult for Sexual Abuse Victims<\/h3>\n<p>In some cases, a criminal sexual assault trial puts the victim&#8217;s life on display. They are called to the witness stand and asked to relive their incredibly devastating experience in front of a room of strangers.<\/p>\n<p>After all of that, the defendant could be found \u201cnot guilty.&#8221; Or, the jury can&#8217;t reach a decision (known as a hung jury). The person may feel victimized all over again and wonder, \u201cWhere is justice?&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Simply put, criminal trials carry the highest burden of proof under the law: \u201cbeyond a reasonable doubt.&#8221; If the jury has any reasonable doubt as to the defendant&#8217;s innocence, they may not convict them.<\/p>\n<p>Where does that leave you? You may feel angry, maybe even betrayed, or ashamed. But this result doesn&#8217;t have to be the final word on the matter. Your next remedy may be a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/litigation\/filing-a-lawsuit\/civil-cases-vs-criminal-cases-key-differences.html\">civil sexual assault lawsuit<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Why a Civil Lawsuit for Sexual Assault May Yield Different Results<\/h3>\n<p>Regardless of the criminal case, a civil lawsuit may be a viable option because it uses a different legal standard. The civil burden of proof is lower than the criminal burden of proof.<\/p>\n<p>The civil standard of proof is a &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/preponderance-of-the-evidence.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">preponderance of the evidence<\/a>.&#8221; This means that the sexual assault victim must only convince the judge or jury that there is a greater than 50% chance that their claim is true.<\/p>\n<p>As with any lawsuit, there is never a guarantee of an outcome, so it is important to speak with a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/sexual-abuse-plaintiff\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sexual assault lawyer<\/a>&nbsp;and get legal advice about your options.<\/p>\n<h2>Can I Sue the Alleged Perpetrator for Sexual Assault?<\/h2>\n<p>Yes, but plaintiffs in most cases technically have to sue under a different type of wrongful act related to the assault. In the civil lawsuit world, there generally isn&#8217;t a <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/cause-of-action.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cause of action<\/a>&nbsp;for sexual assault. Basically, the victim won&#8217;t be filing a lawsuit against the defendant for sexual assault or rape&nbsp;<i>per se<\/i>. Instead, the victim will file a lawsuit for one of a number of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/what-are-intentional-torts.html\">intentional torts<\/a>. An intentional tort is a wrongful act that caused harm to the victim.<\/p>\n<p>Some possible theories under which to sue are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/assault-battery-intentional-torts.html\">Assault\/Battery<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/intentional-infliction-of-emotional-distress.html\">Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/false-imprisonment.html\">False Imprisonment<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/nied-negligent-infliction-of-emotional-distress.html\">Negligent Infliction of Emotional Distress<\/a>&nbsp;(for witnesses or bystanders to the sexual assault)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It&#8217;s worth noting that some states (<a href=\"https:\/\/leginfo.legislature.ca.gov\/faces\/codes_displaySection.xhtml?sectionNum=51.9.&amp;lawCode=CIV\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California, for instance<\/a>) have codified sex-related causes of action. Also, the reasons for suing aren&#8217;t always monetary in nature. Some victims simply want the sense of validation that can accompany the legal recognition of their experience. They may also want a sense of justice and closure, knowing that the culprit will be held accountable for what they did.<\/p>\n<h2>Suing Third Parties for Enabling Sexual Assault<\/h2>\n<p>In addition to suing the assailant, a victim may choose to name a <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/third-party-claim.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">third party<\/a> who may be responsible.<\/p>\n<p>One strategic reason to do this is to ensure some monetary compensation from their case. For example, a victim can be successful in a civil lawsuit against a person who raped them. But if the rapist doesn&#8217;t have any money, the victim may have a difficult time collecting monetary damages.<\/p>\n<p>A third party may be sued for sexual assault if:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>They failed in their duty to provide adequate security<\/li>\n<li>They knew about the offender&#8217;s intent but failed to report it<\/li>\n<li>They failed to properly screen employees (such as through background checks)<\/li>\n<li>They failed to monitor an employee with a prior history of sexual assault<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A few examples of third-party liability in a sexual assault case can include a landlord, innkeeper or hotel, businesses, government entities, employers, schools, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/nursing-home-abuse-claims.html\">nursing homes<\/a>, and hospitals.<\/p>\n<h2>Can I Sue if the Abuse or Rape Happened a Long Time Ago?<\/h2>\n<p>Depending on when and where the offense occurred, you may still be able to sue. Most civil claims, including personal injury cases, have a time limit for court filing. This time limit is known as the statute of limitations.<\/p>\n<p>Some states have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/sexual-assault-civil-statutes-of-limitations-by-state.html\">extended or eliminated this limit<\/a> for sex crimes. The goal is to help sexual assault survivors (especially those who suffered child sexual abuse) recover financial compensation later in life.<\/p>\n<p>If you or a loved one has suffered sexual abuse, consider speaking with an attorney as soon as possible.<\/p>\n<h2>How a Sex Abuse Personal Injury Lawyer Can Help<\/h2>\n<p>A&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/sexual-abuse-plaintiff\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sexual abuse attorney<\/a> is a type of personal injury attorney who can assist you with legal action in civil court. Many attorneys offer free consultations.<\/p>\n<p>An experienced lawyer can evaluate your sexual assault claim. Because sex crimes can form the basis for a personal injury lawsuit, an attorney can help you get a better understanding of the amount of money you may be able to recover.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    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                 for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    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          class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\"><div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    A lawyer can help you seek compensation for the physical and mental harm of sexual abuse\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    When you have a sensitive case, an experienced lawyer can protect your interests above all else\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    An attorney can help you gather evidence to support your sexual abuse claim\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>Get tailored legal advice and ask a lawyer questions about your claim. 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