{"id":355698,"date":"2016-04-04T10:42:00","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/civilrights\/enforcing-your-civil-rights\/civil-rights-laws.html"},"modified":"2024-01-02T14:57:53","modified_gmt":"2024-01-02T19:57:53","slug":"civil-rights-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/enforcing-your-civil-rights\/civil-rights-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"Civil Rights Laws: Statutory Overview"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Civil Rights Laws: Statutory Overview<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/lark-lewis-j-d\/\">Lark Lewis, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/aviana-cooper-esq\/\">Aviana Cooper, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last reviewed\n        <time>\n                            January 02, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/civil-rights-overview\/what-are-civil-rights.html\">Civil rights<\/a>&nbsp;are guaranteed and protected by the U.S. Constitution and federal laws Congress enacts for your benefit. Civil rights can also arise from federal court decisions like the U.S. Supreme Court. Many of these rights were born out of the civil rights movement. Civil rights laws prohibit discrimination in many settings. These settings include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Education<\/li>\r\n<li>Employment<\/li>\r\n<li>Housing<\/li>\r\n<li>Lending<\/li>\r\n<li>Voting<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>This article outlines the primary federal civil rights laws and how each applies. Many&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/civil-rights-laws.html\">states have civil rights laws<\/a>&nbsp;mirroring those at the national level. Your state may have laws that are like those identified here. Also, municipalities like cities and counties can enact ordinances and laws related to civil rights.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Age Discrimination Laws<\/h2>\r\n<p>Many federal laws protect you from discrimination based on age in specific settings.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/discrimination\/age-discrimination-act-of-1975.html\">Age Discrimination Act of 1975<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 Prohibits discrimination based on age in programs or activities receiving federal financial help<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/employment-discrimination\/age-discrimination-in-employment-act-of-1967.html\">Age Discrimination in Employment Act<\/a>&nbsp;(ADEA) \u2014 Prohibits employers from discriminating against workers and applicants who are 40 years of age and older based on their age<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Disability Discrimination Laws<\/h2>\r\n<p>The federal government has statutes to protect you from discrimination based on disability. These statutes only apply in specific settings. Click on any of the links below to learn more.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/discrimination\/the-americans-with-disabilities-act-overview.html\">Americans with Disabilities Act<\/a>&nbsp;(ADA) \u2014 Protects people with disabilities from discrimination in many aspects of life, including employment, education, and access to public accommodations<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.ed.gov\/idea\/about-idea\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Individuals with Disabilities Education Act<\/a>&nbsp;(IDEA) \u2014 Protects the equal rights of students with disabilities. Ensures that all children with disabilities have a free, appropriate public school education available to them.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/employment-discrimination\/rehabilitation-act-of-1973-sections-501-and-505.html\">Rehabilitation Act of 1973<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 Protects people with disabilities from discrimination by employers and organizations receiving federal financial aid.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Employment Discrimination Laws<\/h2>\r\n<p>There are many federal laws protecting you from discrimination in the workplace. Click on any of the links below to learn more.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/enforcing-your-civil-rights\/civil-rights-act-of-1964-entire.html\">Civil Rights Act of 1964<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 Civil rights legislation prohibiting employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, and national origin. Includes sexual orientation. Aims to protect minority groups.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/employment-discrimination\/civil-rights-act-of-1991.html\">Civil Rights Act of 1991<\/a>&nbsp;(Intentional Employment Discrimination) \u2014 Amends the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to strengthen and improve federal civil rights laws. Allows damages in cases of intentional employment discrimination. Also clarifies provisions on disparate impact actions.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/employment-discrimination\/equal-pay-act-of-1963.html\">Equal Pay Act of 1963<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 Requires employers to pay all employees equally for equal work, regardless of gender<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/family-medical-leave\/family-and-medical-leave-overview.html\">Family and Medical Leave Act<\/a>&nbsp;(FMLA) \u2014 Gives employees the right to take time off from work to care for a newborn (or recently adopted) child. Also allows employees to look after ill family members.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eeoc.gov\/history\/older-workers-benefit-protection-act-1990\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Older Workers&#8217; Benefit Protection Act<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 Clarifies the protections given to older people on employee benefit plans.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.eeoc.gov\/laws\/statutes\/pregnancy.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pregnancy Discrimination Act<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 Prohibits employment discrimination against female workers who are (or intend to become) pregnant. Addresses discrimination in hiring, failure to promote, and wrongful termination.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Laws Against Discrimination in Housing, Building Access, and Credit<\/h2>\r\n<p>Below are various laws protecting you from discrimination in housing, access to public facilities, and credit.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/discrimination\/architectural-barriers-act.html\">Architectural Barriers Act of 1968<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 Requires that buildings and facilities designed, constructed, altered, or leased with certain federal funds after September 1969 be accessible to and useable by people with disabilities<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/credit-banking-finance\/equal-credit-opportunity-act.html\">The Equal Credit Opportunity Act<\/a>&nbsp;(ECOA) \u2014 Prohibits creditors from discriminating against credit applicants. Protects against discrimination based on race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, age, or because an applicant receives income from a public assistance program.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/discrimination\/fair-housing-act.html\">The Fair Housing Act<\/a>&nbsp;(FHA) \u2014 Prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing. Protects against discrimination based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, familial status, and disability.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Laws Against Discrimination in Voting<\/h2>\r\n<p>The federal government has many laws to protect you from discrimination in voting. Click on any of the links below to learn more.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/crt\/about-national-voter-registration-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Voter Registration Act<\/a>&nbsp;(NVRA) \u2014 Establishes procedures to increase the number of eligible citizens who register to vote in elections for national office<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/other-constitutional-rights\/the-voting-rights-act-of-1965-overview.html\">Voting Rights Act of 1965<\/a>&nbsp;(VRA) \u2014 Prohibits the denial or restriction of the right to vote. Forbids discriminatory voting practices nationwide<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Miscellaneous Civil Rights Laws<\/h2>\r\n<p>Below are more laws that protect your fundamental rights in specific settings. Click on any of the links to learn more.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transportation.gov\/airconsumer\/passengers-disabilities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Air Carrier Access Act of 1986<\/a>&nbsp;(ACAA) \u2014 Bans discrimination against people with disabilities in the provision of (including access to) air transportation<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/other-constitutional-rights\/civil-rights-of-institutionalized-persons.html\">Civil Rights of Institutionalized Persons Act<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 Protects people in institutions from unconstitutional conditions. Includes prisoners and residents in government-run nursing homes<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.disastersrus.org\/fema\/stafact.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 Provides for fair and impartial relief operations without discrimination on the grounds of race, color, religion, nationality, sex, age, or economic status<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/discrimination\/the-religious-land-use-and-institutionalized-persons-act.html\">Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act<\/a>&nbsp;(RLUIPA) \u2014 Protects individuals, houses of worship, and other religious institutions from discrimination in zoning and landmarking laws. Also protects the religious freedoms of inmates and other people confined to certain institutions.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/crt\/title-ix-education-amendments-1972\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 Prohibits sex discrimination in education programs receiving federal funds. Aims to increase educational and athletic opportunities for women in schools and colleges nationwide.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Has Someone Violated Your Legal Rights? Talk to an Attorney<\/h2>\r\n<p>Federal civil rights laws protect you at the federal, state, and local levels. Suppose you think someone has mistreated you based on a protected characteristic. In that case, talk to an experienced attorney today to protect your human rights. See&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/civil-rights\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FindLaw&#8217;s attorney directory<\/a>&nbsp;to find one near you. An attorney can help you better understand your basic rights, your state laws, and how to ensure you receive equal protection of the laws. An attorney can also help you distinguish between civil liberties and civil rights.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              d=\"M6 21H3C2.46957 21 1.96086 20.7893 1.58579 20.4142C1.21071 20.0391 1 19.5304 1 19V12C1 11.4696 1.21071 10.9609 1.58579 10.5858C1.96086 10.2107 2.46957 10 3 10H6M13 8V4C13 3.20435 12.6839 2.44129 12.1213 1.87868C11.5587 1.31607 10.7956 1 10 1L6 10V21H17.28C17.7623 21.0055 18.2304 20.8364 18.5979 20.524C18.9654 20.2116 19.2077 19.7769 19.28 19.3L20.66 10.3C20.7035 10.0134 20.6842 9.72068 20.6033 9.44225C20.5225 9.16382 20.3821 8.90629 20.1919 8.68751C20.0016 8.46873 19.7661 8.29393 19.5016 8.17522C19.2371 8.0565 18.9499 7.99672 18.66 8H13Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n                              stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3418\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"><\/rect>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"No\"\n                value=\"no\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">No<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-down\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3423)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              d=\"M16 0.999995H18.67C19.236 0.989986 19.7859 1.18813 20.2154 1.55681C20.645 1.9255 20.9242 2.43905 21 3V10C20.9242 10.5609 20.645 11.0745 20.2154 11.4432C19.7859 11.8119 19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Easy to understand\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                        >Easy to understand<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Solved my problem\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                        >Solved my problem<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--negative\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this not helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n                        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Missing Information\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Out of date\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                        >Out of date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\">\n        <div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Most civil rights cases need the help of an attorney\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Complex civil rights cases (such as employment discrimination, racial segregation, or discrimination based on gender) need the support of a lawyer\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>An attorney can help you enforce your civil rights and other constitutional rights. Many offer free consultations and can offer tailored advice during your court case.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link fl-flex\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link\">\n                <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <p class=\"find-attorney\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/civil-rights\/#USER_GEO\/?fli=esum:FL10\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Find a local attorney<\/a><\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"email-subscription fl-mb30\">\n    <div class=\"email-subscription-header\">\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-content\">\n            <h3 class=\"fl-callout-sm fl-no-margin\">Stay Up-to-Date With How the Law Affects Your Life<\/h3>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-image fl-flex fl-items-end\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\"\n                src=\"https://www.findlaw.com/static/c/images\/images\/w_1200,c_limit,dpr_auto\/f_auto,q_auto:eco\/v1745902396\/ability-law\/wp-prod\/general-components-subscribe-module-Image-subscribeModule_1\/general-components-subscribe-module-Image-subscribeModule_1.png?_i=AA\"\n                alt=\"\"\n                loading=\"lazy\"\n            \/>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"email-subscription-content fl-flex fl-flex-wrap\">\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-content-text fl-mb25\">\n            <h4 class=\"fl-no-margin\">Enter your email address to subscribe<\/h4>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <form class=\"email-subscription-content-form\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"distributionList\" value=\"latl\" \/>\n            <label for=\"email-subscription-content-form-group-input\" class=\"fl-text-sm-bold\">Email (Required)<\/label>\n            <div class=\"email-subscription-content-form-group\">\n                <input id=\"email-subscription-content-form-group-input\" name=\"email\" autocomplete=\"email\"\/>\n                <button type=\"submit\" aria-label=\"Submit\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n            <p class=\"email-subscription-content-form-success subscribe-success-message fl-text-sm-bold\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"status\">Thank you for subscribing!<\/p>\n            <p class=\"email-subscription-content-form-error subscribe-error-message fl-text-sm-bold\" role=\"alert\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/p>\n\n            <div id=\"email-subscription-content-form-recaptcha\" class=\"email-subscription-content-form-recaptcha subscribe-recaptcha\"\n                data-sitekey=\"0x4AAAAAAABGBEkK9kEeKxO-\"><\/div>\n        <\/form>\n\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-content-footer fl-text-sm\">\n            <p><a href=\"https:\/\/newsletters.findlaw.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Learn more about FindLaw\u2019s newsletters<\/a>, including our terms of use and privacy policy.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"general-list\">\n    <h3>Helpful Links<\/h3>\n    <ul class=\"fl-list fl-no-margin\">\n                                    <li class=\"fl-list-item fl-flex\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    <a class=\"fl-list-item-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/civil-rights-overview.html\">\n                        Civil Rights Law Overview\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-item fl-flex\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    <a class=\"fl-list-item-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/discrimination.html\">\n                        Know Your Civil Rights and Legal Protections\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                                <li class=\"fl-list-item fl-flex\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    <a class=\"fl-list-item-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/enforcing-your-civil-rights\/filing-civil-rights-claims.html\">\n                        Filing Civil Rights Claims\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                        <\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"popularDirectory\">\n        <div class=\"general-popular-directory \">\n            <div class=\"general-popular-directory-title\">\n                <h3>Attorney Directory<\/h3>\n            <\/div>\n            <ul>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/civil-rights\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Civil Rights Lawyers<\/a><\/li>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/discrimination\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Discrimination Lawyers<\/a><\/li>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/sexual-harassment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sexual Harassment Lawyers<\/a><\/li>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/constitutional-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Constitutional Law Attorneys<\/a><\/li>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/same-sex\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Same Sex Lawyers<\/a><\/li>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/employment-law-employee\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Employment Law Attorneys<\/a><\/li>\n                                    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/education-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Education Law Attorneys<\/a><\/li>\n                            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This FindLaw article overviews federal laws protecting you from discrimination in various contexts, including employment, housing, and voting.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41135,"featured_media":0,"parent":355690,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/ArticleWithBreadcrumbsController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":[]},"categories":[2736],"tags":[],"state_laws_tags":[],"flmsa":[],"class_list":["post-355698","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-civilrights"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/355698","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/41135"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=355698"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/355698\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/355690"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=355698"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=355698"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=355698"},{"taxonomy":"state_laws_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/state_laws_tags?post=355698"},{"taxonomy":"flmsa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/flmsa?post=355698"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}