{"id":355752,"date":"2022-10-11T12:58:31","date_gmt":"2022-10-11T17:58:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/elder\/elder-care-law\/elder-law-timeline-of-what-to-expect.html"},"modified":"2024-01-20T23:22:02","modified_gmt":"2024-01-21T04:22:02","slug":"elder-law-timeline-of-what-to-expect","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/elder\/elder-care-law\/elder-law-timeline-of-what-to-expect.html","title":{"rendered":"Older Adult Care and Estate Planning: A Timeline"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Older Adult Care and Estate Planning: A Timeline<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw Staff<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-bender-esq\/\">Melissa Bender, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            January 20, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <p>These different legal areas are more or less of a concern at different stages in an older adult&#8217;s life. Most legal definitions and eligibility benefits say age 65 is when caregivers need to be more aware or start to step in.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image fl-no-margin\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.findlaw.com/static/c/images\/image\/upload\/ability-law\/wp-prod\/voting-older-adult-images-GettyImages-1337576690.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure><p>Older adult law, an updated term for elder law, focuses on legal issues for people over 65 and their families.<\/p>\r\n<p>Older adult law is more than just estate planning. Older adults (or their loved ones) should be educated about:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Their legal rights<\/li>\r\n<li>Available advocates on their behalf<\/li>\r\n<li>Ways to meet the diverse needs of the older adult population<\/li>\r\n<li>Signs of abuse<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aarp.org\/caregiving\/home-care\/info-2021\/assessing-need-for-caregiver.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pay attention to an older person&#8217;s actions and decisions<\/a>&nbsp;if you suspect their mental state or health is declining.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Throughout Life: Estate Planning<\/h2>\r\n<p>Estate planning should begin when you are a legal adult, though most people don&#8217;t begin the process until they have significant assets, get married, or start a family.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/estate\/wills.html\">A will<\/a>&nbsp;is a written legal document that names the people or organizations receiving property after death.<\/p>\r\n<p>On the other hand,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/estate\/trusts.html\">a trust<\/a>&nbsp;is established during someone&#8217;s lifetime. It specifies:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>How assets will be managed while someone is alive<\/li>\r\n<li>Who will receive assets<\/li>\r\n<li>How assets will be managed after death<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>You can find a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/estate-planning.html\">range of legal forms<\/a>&nbsp;that you or your older adult parents may want to consider during estate planning. It can help ease financial worries and make difficult medical decisions smoother.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Any Time: Medical Care and Physical Injury<\/h2>\r\n<p>You can&#8217;t be sure when someone may slip and fall or get into an accident. Options are available to individuals (or family members) to plan ahead for the possibility of age-related medical conditions or physical disabilities. Making a detailed health care plan, discussing possible health situations with family, and knowing the available support can help prepare for unexpected health challenges.<\/p>\r\n<p>It&#8217;s also important to be aware of local emergency services and medical facilities to get quick help when needed. Planning ahead gives peace of mind and helps people and their families handle health emergencies confidently.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Any Time: Watching for Abuse<\/h2>\r\n<p>There is no age, culture, gender identity, or financial status that determines if someone will face&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/elder\/elder-abuse\/elder-abuse-basics.html\">older adult abuse<\/a>. This can include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Sexual abuse<\/li>\r\n<li>Physical abuse<\/li>\r\n<li>Domestic abuse<\/li>\r\n<li>Financial abuse<\/li>\r\n<li>Emotional and mental abuse<\/li>\r\n<li>Various forms of mistreatment<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Any suspected abuse is serious. You may need to contact Adult Protective Services (APS), the Department of Health and Human Services, or law enforcement for help.<\/p>\r\n<p>You can&#8217;t always be sure reporting abuse to a care facility will be handled correctly. Many staff and social services are mandatory reporters, but&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/psnet.ahrq.gov\/issue\/how-nursing-homes-worst-offenses-are-hidden-public\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">facilities have been known to cover up crimes<\/a>. Older adults can easily become victims of abuse without loved ones watching out for them.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Any Time: Preparing for Incapacity or Mental Health Concerns<\/h2>\r\n<p>There is no specific age when mental illness begins or cognitive ability starts to decline. Physical and mental impairment can go hand in hand after a diagnosis or injury, such as serious self-neglect after suffering an injury.<\/p>\r\n<p>To help protect the well-being of an older adult, you can turn to legal documents that let you make their financial or health care decisions, including powers of attorney and conservatorships.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Durable General Power of Attorney<\/h3>\r\n<p>A&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/resources\/estate-planning\/power-of-attorney\/what-is-durable-power-of-attorney.html\">durable general power of attorney<\/a>&nbsp;lets your loved one appoint another person or persons (the agent or attorney-in-fact) to act on their behalf. You can transact any and all of their personal business and become responsible for managing their assets.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care<\/h3>\r\n<p>Through a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/elder\/elder-care-law\/power-of-attorney-for-healthcare.html\">durable power of attorney for health care<\/a>, your older adult parent can appoint an agent to make health care decisions on their behalf if they become incapacitated. This decision-making document is also known as an advance directive because it outlines the type of health care they want to receive (or do not want).<\/p>\r\n<h3>Conservatorship<\/h3>\r\n<p>If no durable powers of attorney are in place when your loved one is incapacitated, it may be necessary to petition the court for a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/guardianship\/state-guardianships-forms.html\">conservatorship<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>You can become a conservator for your loved one. This is a court process that makes you the manager for:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Financial decisions and affairs<\/li>\r\n<li>Personal care (which can range from taking on day-to-day care or hiring care service providers)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>The courts typically need proof that your older adult parent is either physically or mentally unable to handle self-care or financial tasks. Due to the risks of financial exploitation, domestic violence, or other forms of abuse, a conservatorship may be court-supervised.<\/p>\r\n<p>A conservatorship usually arises when no one has legally been given the authority to handle the incapacitated person&#8217;s financial and medical affairs.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Age 65: Long-Term Care Planning<\/h2>\r\n<p>Many financial planners recommend considering long-term care insurance before or when you turn 65, recognizing the importance of planning for future health needs. This coverage can assist in handling potential expenses related to extended medical care.<\/p>\r\n<p>Additionally, options like Medicaid and Medicare become available around this age, offering additional support and resources for health care. Exploring these choices ensures a more comprehensive approach to long-term care planning, providing a safety net for potential health-related challenges in the later stages of life.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Age 85+: Admittance to a Skilled Nursing Facility or Nursing Home<\/h2>\r\n<p>Your loved one could need assisted living or a nursing home anytime. However, it is more likely they will need some level of care facilities later in life. On average,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthinaging.org\/age-friendly-healthcare-you\/care-settings\/nursing-homes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">half of the people in nursing homes are 85 or older.<\/a><\/p>\r\n<p>Most older adults consider assistance when:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>A disability endangers their safety<\/li>\r\n<li>They can&#8217;t walk or use the stairs<\/li>\r\n<li>They might wander or get lost and need supervision<\/li>\r\n<li>You or your family have chronic caregiver burnout<\/li>\r\n<li>You can no longer provide in-home care<\/li>\r\n<li>You don&#8217;t live close enough to assist them when needed or in emergencies<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Giving up their independence or home is difficult for many older adults. Many facilities and service agencies provide various levels of help, which can help ease the transition.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Final Steps: Management of the Estate After Death<\/h2>\r\n<p>Know you are not alone, and there are professional services who can help you at this difficult stage. One of the first steps will be the probate court process.<\/p>\r\n<p>Probate is a court procedure used to:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Pay debts<\/li>\r\n<li>Clear titles to real estate property<\/li>\r\n<li>Move assets to the beneficiaries named in a will<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>These items will be handled under state law if you die without a will.<\/p>\r\n<p>Trust administration is also essential at this time. This process occurs after the trust owner&#8217;s death and includes:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Management of trust assets<\/li>\r\n<li>Ultimate distribution of trust assets to named beneficiaries<\/li>\r\n<li>Fulfilling duties as specified in the Declaration of Trust<\/li>\r\n<li>Communicating with trust beneficiaries<\/li>\r\n<li>Paying obligations of the trust<\/li>\r\n<li>Preparing trust accountings<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Any Time: Seeking Legal Services<\/h2>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/elder-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Elder law attorneys<\/a>&nbsp;can assist you with issues ranging from the estate planning process to elder abuse cases. They work closely with professionals in medicine, social services, long-term care, and financial matters to maximize the options for older adults.<\/p>\r\n<p>The National Academy of Elder Law Attorneys (NAELA) is a professional organization for attorneys specializing in elder law and can be a good place to start for legal advice.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              d=\"M6 21H3C2.46957 21 1.96086 20.7893 1.58579 20.4142C1.21071 20.0391 1 19.5304 1 19V12C1 11.4696 1.21071 10.9609 1.58579 10.5858C1.96086 10.2107 2.46957 10 3 10H6M13 8V4C13 3.20435 12.6839 2.44129 12.1213 1.87868C11.5587 1.31607 10.7956 1 10 1L6 10V21H17.28C17.7623 21.0055 18.2304 20.8364 18.5979 20.524C18.9654 20.2116 19.2077 19.7769 19.28 19.3L20.66 10.3C20.7035 10.0134 20.6842 9.72068 20.6033 9.44225C20.5225 9.16382 20.3821 8.90629 20.1919 8.68751C20.0016 8.46873 19.7661 8.29393 19.5016 8.17522C19.2371 8.0565 18.9499 7.99672 18.66 8H13Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n                              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<\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Easy to understand\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                        >Easy to understand<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Solved my problem\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                        >Solved my problem<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--negative\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this not helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n                        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Missing Information\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Out of date\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                        >Out of date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\">\n        <div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Complex care situations usually require a lawyer\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    A lawyer can reduce the chances of a family dispute\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/estate-planning\/living-will-form.html\">DIY living wills<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/estate-planning\/power-of-attorney-form.html\">powers of attorney<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/estate-planning\/last-will-and-testament-form.html\">wills<\/a> are possible in some simple cases.\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    You can always have an attorney review your form\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>Get\u00a0tailored\u00a0advice\u00a0and ask your legal questions.\u00a0Many attorneys offer free consultations.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link fl-flex\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link\">\n                <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <p class=\"find-attorney\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/elder-law\/#USER_GEO\/?fli=esum:FL2201\" title=\"Attorney Directory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">If you need an attorney, find one right now<\/a><\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n            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