{"id":355767,"date":"2016-04-04T10:45:23","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:45:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ability-fl-prod.internetbrands.com\/ability-law\/elder\/elder-care-law\/rights-of-nursing-home-residents.html"},"modified":"2026-07-30T11:02:00","modified_gmt":"2026-07-30T16:02:00","slug":"rights-of-nursing-home-residents","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/elder\/elder-care-law\/rights-of-nursing-home-residents.html","title":{"rendered":"The Legal Rights of Nursing Home Residents"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">The Legal Rights of Nursing Home Residents<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/olivia-wathne-jd\/\">Olivia Wathne, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-bender-esq\/\">Melissa Bender, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            July 30, 2026\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <div data-testid=\"ai-message-body\">\n<div>\n<div id=\"4AKXAzUEjvjWst9CkwGR5-content-0\">\n<p>Nursing home residents have legal rights that guarantee safe treatment, involvement in care decisions, and protection from abuse or neglect. Federal and state laws set minimum standards for facilities, ensuring residents can receive visitors, keep personal belongings, review records, and file grievances without retaliation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Nursing home residents have specific legal rights. These include the right to certain standards of care, the right to be involved in medical treatment decisions, and the right to be informed about potential sources of financial assistance.<\/p>\n<p>Knowing these rights can ensure better treatment and quality of care for residents. They can also help residents and their families face the costs and concerns of long-term residential care.<\/p>\n<p>Even if you understand applicable legal protections and rights, it can still feel confusing and overwhelming to advocate for a loved one&#8217;s needs and address care concerns. But legal support is available. An <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/elder-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">elder law attorney near you<\/a>\u00a0can assess the situation, explain your options, and pursue solutions for your older loved one.<\/p>\n<h2>Federal Laws Protecting Nursing Home Residents<\/h2>\n<p>Federal law protects many nursing home residents in long-term care facilities. During the 1980s, reports of nursing home abuse, neglect, and inadequate care prompted a wave of legislative action.<\/p>\n<p>In 1987, President Ronald Reagan signed the federal\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/42\/1395i-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nursing Home Reform Act<\/a>. This law does the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Establishes specific standards of care for nursing home residents<\/li>\n<li>Regulates how nursing homes administer resident care<\/li>\n<li>Grants specific legal rights to residents and their families<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Many of these requirements are tied to receiving federal funds like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/elder\/elder-care-law\/medicare-vs-medicaid.html\">Medicare and Medicaid<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>State Laws Protecting Nursing Home Residents<\/h2>\n<p>Many states have adopted similar measures for nursing homes and assisted living facilities. Florida was one of the first states to adopt a nursing home\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ombudsman.elderaffairs.org\/about-us\/residents-rights\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Residents&#8217; Bill of Rights.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Some of these rights guarantee the existing civil rights of residents. These rights include the right to vote and the right to make informed health care decisions.<\/p>\n<p>Other rights are meant to aid residents in day-to-day life in nursing homes. For example, patients can always:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Receive visitors and communications<\/li>\n<li>Keep their personal property<\/li>\n<li>Receive advance notice of room transfers or discharge<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Other states have similar laws on the books. California has\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/canhr.org\/factsheets\/nh_fs\/html\/fs_outline_resrights.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">extensive rights and laws<\/a>\u00a0to protect nursing home residents, as\u00a0does\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.health.ny.gov\/facilities\/nursing\/rights\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New York<\/a>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Navigating federal and state protections for nursing home residents can be complicated, especially when you\u2019re trying to advocate for a loved one\u2019s safety and quality of care. An <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/elder-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">elder law attorney in your area<\/a> can explain the options in your state, address violations, and guide you through next steps.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Certification and Accreditation for Nursing Homes<\/h2>\n<p>Nursing home residents benefit from federal and state certification and accreditation laws, too. Federal law allows nursing homes to become\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cms.gov\/Medicare\/Provider-Enrollment-and-Certification\/CertificationandComplianc\/NHs.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">certified Medicare and Medicaid providers<\/a>. In addition,\u00a0many states\u00a0accredit or license nursing homes as well.<\/p>\n<p>Residents and their families benefit from these processes. Accreditation and certification can ensure facilities comply with minimum standards of care.<\/p>\n<p>Residents can file complaints over poor care with state agencies or their state&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/elder\/elder-care-law\/what-is-the-long-term-care-ombudsman-program.html\">long-term care ombudsman program<\/a>. State agencies investigate nursing homes for compliance, and the resulting reports can become useful in picking nursing homes or in future\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/nursing-home-abuse-claims.html\">legal action against nursing homes<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Nursing Home Rights of Each Resident<\/h2>\n<p>Because different states have different laws, there&#8217;s no universal list of residents&#8217; rights. However, a generalized list of common rights belonging to nursing home residents includes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Visitation Rights<\/b>:\u00a0Residents can see family members, ombudspersons, medical personnel, legal representatives, and federal or state government representatives.<\/li>\n<li><b>Personal Property Rights<\/b>:\u00a0Residents can keep and use personal property. Clothes and personal possessions are common examples.<\/li>\n<li><b>Right to Equal Treatment<\/b>:\u00a0Residents have the right to equal treatment in nursing homes. This right is often meant to ensure equal treatment for residents receiving Medicare, Medicaid, or state social service funding.<\/li>\n<li><b>Right to Care Information<\/b>:\u00a0Residents can receive information about their plan of care. They have a right to quality of life, quality care, and a sense of well-being with their medical care and decisions.<\/li>\n<li><b>Right to Refuse Care<\/b>:\u00a0Residents can refuse medical care and treatment in many circumstances, despite their medical conditions or family and staff wishes.<\/li>\n<li><b>Right Against Restraints and Abuse<\/b>:\u00a0Residents must be free of physical restraints or chemical restraints. They also have the right to freedom from abuse from nursing home staff or medical professionals.<\/li>\n<li><b>Right to Privacy<\/b>:\u00a0Residents have a right to privacy in their space and communications with family members and other visitors.<\/li>\n<li><b>Right to File Grievances<\/b>:\u00a0Residents have the right to file grievances. They also have the right to be free of retaliation for filing grievances.<\/li>\n<li><b>Right to Medical Records<\/b>:\u00a0Residents can review their medical records.<\/li>\n<li><b>Right to Notice of Transfer or Discharge<\/b>:\u00a0Residents have a right to receive the reasonable accommodation of advanced notice of transfers or discharge. Often, this right includes a 30-day time provision between receiving notice and moving.<\/li>\n<li><b>Right to Review Inspection Reports<\/b>:\u00a0Residents have the right to review the most recent state inspection of the nursing home care facility.<\/li>\n<li><b>Participation Rights<\/b>:\u00a0Residents have the right to participate in their personal needs, including social, religious, and community activities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Getting Help With a Nursing Home Issue<\/h2>\n<p>Older adults facing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/elder\/elder-abuse\/elder-abuse-overview.html\">nursing home issues<\/a> deserve advocacy. They can be hesitant to voice grievances or not fully understand when their rights are violated. It may be up to a resident&#8217;s family and loved ones to protect the rights of others and ensure appropriate care is taken. Checking with your state&#8217;s health department is a good first step for determining what nursing home resident rights exist where you live.<\/p>\n<p>If you encounter <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/elder\/elder-abuse\/signs-of-elder-abuse.html\">red flags or warning signs<\/a> that your loved one is experiencing abuse or inadequate care, it&#8217;s time to take action. Indicators of mistreatment may include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Unexplained Injuries<\/b>:\u00a0Bruises, fractures, or wounds without a clear explanation<\/li>\n<li><b>Emotional Distress<\/b>:\u00a0Sudden changes in behavior, withdrawal, or signs of depression<\/li>\n<li><b>Inadequate Care<\/b>:\u00a0Poor hygiene, malnutrition, or unsafe living conditions<\/li>\n<li><b>Lack of Communication<\/b>:\u00a0If your loved one is hesitant to communicate or expresses fear<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If you&#8217;ve noticed any of the above red flags,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/theconsumervoice.org\/get_help\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">your state&#8217;s ombudsmen program<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Protect Your Elderly Loved One: Get Legal Help<\/h2>\n<p>If you&#8217;re hitting walls after working with your state&#8217;s health department or ombudsmen program, you have options. An <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/elder\/what-is-elder-law\/what-is-a-certified-elder-law-attorney.html\">elder law attorney<\/a> can step in and address issues that state agencies can&#8217;t (or won&#8217;t) resolve.<\/p>\n<p>FindLaw\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/elder-law\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">directory of elder law attorneys<\/a> can get you started. Enter your city or ZIP code for a list of qualified legal professionals near you. Because your state&#8217;s laws are relevant, your attorney should be licensed in your state. Your search results will also show important details about prospective attorneys, like ratings and whether they offer free case evaluations.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" 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<fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this not helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n                        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Missing Information\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    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          class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\"><div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Complex nursing home situations usually require a lawyer\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    <span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Get legal help if benefits are denied, a facility restricts rights, or a loved one\u2019s capacity is in question<\/span>\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    <span data-sheets-root=\"1\">A lawyer is helpful when navigating long\u2011term care planning or Medicaid eligibility<\/span>\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>Get tailored advice and ask your legal questions. Many attorneys offer free consultations.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link fl-flex\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link\">\n                <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <p class=\"find-attorney\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/nursing-home-abuse\/#USER_GEO\/?fli=esum:FL2201\" title=\"Attorney Directory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">If you need an attorney, find one right now<\/a><\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"email-subscription fl-mb30\">\n    <div class=\"email-subscription-header\">\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-content\">\n            <h3 class=\"fl-callout-sm fl-no-margin\">Stay Up-to-Date With How the Law Affects Your Life<\/h3>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-image fl-flex fl-items-end\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\"\n     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