{"id":357877,"date":"2016-04-04T10:45:29","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:45:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/employment\/wages-and-benefits\/time-off-from-work.html"},"modified":"2025-01-10T13:33:38","modified_gmt":"2025-01-10T18:33:38","slug":"time-off-from-work","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/wages-and-benefits\/time-off-from-work.html","title":{"rendered":"Guide to Leave Laws: Your Legal Right to Time Off from Work"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Guide to Leave Laws: Your Legal Right to Time Off from Work<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/olivia-wathne-jd\/\">Olivia Wathne, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-bender-esq\/\">Melissa Bender, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            January 10, 2025\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>Most people are pleased to have a job and a means for providing for their family. But, every so often, a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/employment-law-and-human-resources\/leave-laws.html\">worker needs time off<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 to take care of their sick family members, vote, or recover from their own illnesses. Here, you can find information relating to laws that protect taking time off from work and whether such time off is paid or unpaid.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Family and Medical Leave<\/h2>\r\n<p>The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/family-medical-leave\/family-and-medical-leave-act.html\">Family and Medical Leave Act<\/a>&nbsp;(FMLA) is a federal law that grants employees the right to an extended leave of absence for specific family or medical circumstances. The FMLA extends to government agencies, private businesses, and companies with 50 or more employees in at least 20 weeks over the past calendar year.<\/p>\r\n<p>For employees to qualify, they must have worked for at least 12 months and accumulated 1,250 hours within the 12 months immediately before their leave. Also, their worksite must be within the U.S. or a U.S. territory, and the employer must have a workforce of at least 50 employees within a 75-mile radius. Once these criteria are met,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/family-medical-leave\/fmla-eligibility.html\">eligible employees<\/a>&nbsp;can take leave for various reasons, including:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Birth or adoption of a child<\/li>\r\n<li>A personal medical condition<\/li>\r\n<li>Tending to the needs of an immediate family member facing a serious health condition<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Understanding federal and state regulations and employer policies is crucial for employees seeking to exercise their medical and family leave rights.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Maternity Leave<\/h2>\r\n<p>The FMLA also gives maternity leave.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/family-medical-leave\/maternity-leave-overview.html\">Maternity leave&nbsp;<\/a>is time off from work before and after the birth of a child. Under the law, a covered employee may take 12 weeks of leave within 12 months. But, the law does not force the employer to pay a salary during this time. The employee may use accrued vacation time and paid time off to get wages during the leave.<\/p>\r\n<p>Another potential source of income for those on maternity leave is short-term disability benefits. Short-term disability benefits may be available through private employers or state-sponsored programs. But the terms of coverage and other details vary greatly.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Time Off for Voting and Jury Duty<\/h2>\r\n<p>When an employee wants to take a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/wages-and-benefits\/time-off-for-voting-and-jury-duty.html\">leave of absence to fulfill a civic duty, vote, or serve on a jury<\/a>, state laws often protect the employee&#8217;s right to do so. Nearly every state has laws banning an employer from disciplining or firing an employee who takes time off to vote. But rules about this vary considerably and may require proof you voted or evidence that you could not vote before or after work. Some states require that you give advance notice of your intended absence.<\/p>\r\n<p>It is harder to get time off for&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/litigation\/going-to-court\/what-is-jury-duty-like.html\">jury duty<\/a>. Although few employers will object, issues can arise when an employee is chosen to sit on a trial for an extended time. Many states have laws that prevent employers from disciplining or firing you for serving on a jury, though the state laws should be examined to ensure compliance with local rules. Time off for&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/wages-and-benefits\/time-off-for-voting-and-jury-duty.html\">jury duty<\/a>&nbsp;is usually unpaid, though some states require your employer to pay for leave or allow an employee to use their accrued paid leave when called to a jury.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Military Leave<\/h2>\r\n<p>Employees who serve in the military have specific leave rights to fulfill their military duties without losing their civilian jobs. The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dol.gov\/agencies\/vets\/programs\/userra\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act<\/a>&nbsp;(USERRA), overseen by the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dol.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Department of Labor<\/a>, ensures these rights. It allows people to take&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/wages-and-benefits\/military-service-and-re-employment-rights.html\">military leave<\/a>&nbsp;and return to civilian jobs with the same rights and benefits.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/wages-and-benefits\/military-service-benefits-scra-and-userra.html\">USERRA<\/a>, a federal law for all employers, stops discrimination based on military service. Employers, whether private companies or the federal government, must put returning service members back in their old jobs or provide a similar one with similar benefits. This important law supports those in military service and keeps their connection to civilian careers intact.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Vacation, Sick Leave, and Paid Time Off<\/h2>\r\n<p>Companies often have rules about how much time you can take off, especially if you work full-time or part-time. The number of hours you get and how you earn them, called accrual, may vary based on your job type. Some companies have specific&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/employment-law-and-human-resources\/vacation-and-sick-leave.html\">sick days, holiday pay, and vacation<\/a>&nbsp;guidelines. Knowing these rules helps you plan your time off, whether taking a break, dealing with sickness, or enjoying holidays. It&#8217;s important to check your company&#8217;s policies so you can use your time off wisely while keeping your job secure.<\/p>\r\n<p>Understanding how the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/wages-and-benefits\/fair-labor-standards-act.html\">Fair Labor Standards Act<\/a>&nbsp;(FLSA) influences paid time off, including vacation time, is crucial for employees. Under the FLSA, employers can determine their policies about paid time off, including vacation days. The law doesn&#8217;t set a federal standard for the number of paid vacation days, but it ensures that employees should be compensated for the hours worked when they earn paid time off.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Get a Lawyer&#8217;s Help<\/h2>\r\n<p>Navigating family and medical leave, especially about employer policies, requires a complex understanding of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment.html\">employment laws<\/a>. An experienced labor law attorney can give valuable insights into your situation.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/employment-law-employee?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Contact an attorney<\/a>&nbsp;for legal advice on employee benefits and leave policies.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              d=\"M6 21H3C2.46957 21 1.96086 20.7893 1.58579 20.4142C1.21071 20.0391 1 19.5304 1 19V12C1 11.4696 1.21071 10.9609 1.58579 10.5858C1.96086 10.2107 2.46957 10 3 10H6M13 8V4C13 3.20435 12.6839 2.44129 12.1213 1.87868C11.5587 1.31607 10.7956 1 10 1L6 10V21H17.28C17.7623 21.0055 18.2304 20.8364 18.5979 20.524C18.9654 20.2116 19.2077 19.7769 19.28 19.3L20.66 10.3C20.7035 10.0134 20.6842 9.72068 20.6033 9.44225C20.5225 9.16382 20.3821 8.90629 20.1919 8.68751C20.0016 8.46873 19.7661 8.29393 19.5016 8.17522C19.2371 8.0565 18.9499 7.99672 18.66 8H13Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n                              stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path>\n                    <\/g>\n                  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11.0745 20.2154 11.4432C19.7859 11.8119 19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                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