{"id":357909,"date":"2016-04-04T10:45:32","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:45:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/employment\/whistleblowers\/whistleblower-protections.html"},"modified":"2024-03-29T09:10:21","modified_gmt":"2024-03-29T14:10:21","slug":"whistleblower-protections","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/whistleblowers\/whistleblower-protections.html","title":{"rendered":"Whistleblower Protections"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Whistleblower Protections<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/olivia-wathne-jd\/\">Olivia Wathne, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-bender-esq\/\">Melissa Bender, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            March 29, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>A &quot;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/whistleblowers.html\">whistleblower<\/a>&quot; is an employee who reports a violation of the law by their employer. Whistleblower protections come from several different sources. The federal government has laws protecting you from retaliation for reporting a violation. Many states have whistleblower protections as well. Many states also acknowledge a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/losing-a-job\/at-will-employment-and-wrongful-termination.html\">common-law claim<\/a>. This offers further protection to employees who face retaliation.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Whistleblower Protection Laws<\/h2>\r\n<p>Several federal laws protect whistleblowers, including:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/whistleblowers\/whistleblower-protection-act-an-overview.html\">Whistleblower Protection Act<\/a>&nbsp;(WPA)<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/107th-congress\/house-bill\/3763\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sarbanes-Oxley Act<\/a>&nbsp;(SOX)<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/112th-congress\/senate-bill\/743\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Whistleblower Protection Enhancement Act<\/a>&nbsp;(WPEA)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>The Whistleblower Protection Act protects federal workers who report government problems. There&#8217;s also the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. This law protects corporate employees who report financial misconduct and gross waste of funds. Lastly, there&#8217;s the Whistleblower Protection Enhancement Act. The WPEA strengthened protections for whistleblowers.<\/p>\r\n<p>There&#8217;s also the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mspb.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Merit Systems Protection Board<\/a>&nbsp;(MSPB). The MSPB oversees and protects the rights of federal employees. Lastly, there&#8217;s the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/laws-regs\/oshact\/completeoshact\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Occupational Safety and Health Act<\/a>&nbsp;(OSH Act). The OSH Act shields workers who report safety concerns or violations from retaliation. It ensures that employees can speak up about workplace hazards without punishment. These laws show that Congress wants people to feel safe when they speak up about bad things happening at work.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Protected Whistleblower Activity<\/h2>\r\n<p>Whistleblowers are legally protected when they report wrongdoing in the workplace. This is protected activity. Protected activity can include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Disclosing violations of law, regulations, or company policies<\/li>\r\n<li>Reporting instances of fraud, waste, or abuse of authority<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Whistleblowers are also protected when they take part in investigations. Common things that whistleblowers report include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Financial misconduct<\/li>\r\n<li>Safety violations<\/li>\r\n<li>Discrimination<\/li>\r\n<li>Harassment<\/li>\r\n<li>Environmental violations<\/li>\r\n<li>Public health concerns.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Qualifying for Whistleblower Protection<\/h2>\r\n<p>Five agencies under the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/department-of-labor.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Department of Labor<\/a>&nbsp;(DOL)&nbsp;provide&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dol.gov\/general\/topics\/whistleblower\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">whistleblower protection<\/a>. Those agencies are:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/workplace-safety\/osha.html\">Occupational Safety and Health Administration<\/a>&nbsp;(OSHA)<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.msha.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Mine Safety and Health Administration<\/a>&nbsp;(MSHA)<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dol.gov\/agencies\/ofccp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs<\/a>&nbsp;(OFCCP)<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dol.gov\/agencies\/whd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wage and Hour Division<\/a>&nbsp;(WHD)<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dol.gov\/agencies\/vets\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Veterans&#8217; Employment and Training Service<\/a>&nbsp;(VETS)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>To qualify for protection, a person must have a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/good-faith.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">good faith belief<\/a>&nbsp;that their employer is violating the law. They must then report the issue to their employer or the relevant federal agency. Protection remains regardless of investigation outcomes. If&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/employment-law-and-human-resources\/workplace-retaliation.html\">retaliation<\/a>&nbsp;happens, the whistleblower should file a complaint within 30 days of the incident.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Types of Workers Protected by Whistleblower Laws<\/h2>\r\n<p>Whistleblower laws cover employees, contractors, subcontractors, and volunteers. It doesn&#8217;t matter whether you&#8217;re a full-time employee or a part-time worker. The law may entitle you to whistleblower protections.<\/p>\r\n<p>Whistleblower laws extend protection to a diverse array of workers, including:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Federal employees<\/li>\r\n<li>Public employees<\/li>\r\n<li>Government employees<\/li>\r\n<li>Private-sector employees<\/li>\r\n<li>Law enforcement<\/li>\r\n<li>Former employees<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Types of Whistleblower Retaliation<\/h2>\r\n<p>Whistleblower retaliation manifests in various ways. It includes termination, demotion, suspension, or denial of benefits or promotions. Employers may also engage in reprisal by creating a hostile work environment. Retaliation can be subtle. It usually undermines the whistleblower&#8217;s professional reputation or job responsibilities.<\/p>\r\n<p>Whistleblowers must document any adverse actions they experience. They should also file a retaliation complaint immediately. Retaliation is a violation of law. It may warrant legal action to address the abuse of authority. A whistleblower who experiences retaliation can get appropriate remedies. Remedies can include reinstatement, back pay, or compensation for damages.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Learn More About Whistleblower Protections by Speaking to a Lawyer<\/h2>\r\n<p>You should speak with an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/employment-law-employee\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">employment law attorney<\/a>&nbsp;if your employer is retaliating against you. An attorney can offer helpful legal advice. They can also explain your options and protect your legal rights as a whistleblower.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path 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