{"id":358057,"date":"2016-04-04T10:46:22","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:46:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/hirealawyer\/choosing-the-right-lawyer\/toxic-torts.html"},"modified":"2023-08-29T12:05:22","modified_gmt":"2023-08-29T17:05:22","slug":"toxic-torts","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/hirealawyer\/choosing-the-right-lawyer\/toxic-torts.html","title":{"rendered":"What Are Toxic Torts?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">What Are Toxic Torts?<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/susan-buckner-j-d\/\">Susan Buckner, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-bender-esq\/\">Melissa Bender, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last reviewed\n        <time>\n                            August 29, 2023\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n    <div class=\"fl-callout-text article-blockquote\">\n        <p><span data-term-id=\"56393275\">Toxic torts<\/span> are civil claims brought by people who suffer illness or injury after being exposed to harmful chemicals or <span data-term-id=\"56393292\">hazardous substances<\/span>. These cases often involve workplace exposure, dangerous products, or environmental <span data-term-id=\"56393288\">contamination<\/span>. They require proving both the exposure and the link between the toxin and the harm.<\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>In the mid-20th century, <span data-term-id=\"56393289\">toxic chemicals<\/span> were everywhere. People didn\u2019t think much about them. These rising industrial chemicals were not considered particularly dangerous. That perception quickly changed as people became ill from <span data-term-id=\"56393287\">chemical exposure<\/span>. <span data-term-id=\"56393289\">Toxic chemicals<\/span> in the groundwater and soil were the cause of health problems, illness, and death.<\/p>\n<p>Proving that manufacturers and users of toxic products are liable for the harm caused has been an ongoing battle. <span data-term-id=\"56393285\">Toxic tort<\/span><span data-term-id=\"56393285\"> litigation<\/span> increases yearly for people and their loved ones <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/toxic-chemicals-materials.html\">harmed by <span data-term-id=\"56393279\">toxic substances<\/span><\/a> and for environmental damage caused by their use.<\/p>\n<p>Tort claims are complex and time\u2011sensitive. A <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/toxic-torts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"56393298\">toxic tort<\/span><span data-term-id=\"56393298\"> attorney<\/span><\/a> near you can help evaluate your situation and pursue fair compensation for your illness or injury.<\/p>\n<h2><span data-term-id=\"56393275\">Toxic Torts<\/span>: The Basics<\/h2>\n<p>A\u00a0tort\u00a0is a civil wrong \u2014 an injury to a person\u2019s body, financial situation, or other interest \u2014 caused by another\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries.html\">negligence or carelessness<\/a>. Torts differ from criminal acts, in which the person intends to cause harm. Unlike criminal courts that punish the wrongdoer, civil courts restore the plaintiff to their position before the injury by financial compensation or other remedy.<\/p>\n<p>A <span data-term-id=\"56393275\">toxic tort<\/span> is a tort involving exposure to a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/toxic-chemicals-materials.html\"><span data-term-id=\"56393279\">toxic substance<\/span><\/a>. <span data-term-id=\"56393286\">Toxic exposure<\/span> may involve workplace exposure, dangerous medication, or environmental exposure caused by improper disposal of hazardous waste. The victim may file a <span data-term-id=\"56393275\">toxic tort<\/span>, or family members may file a wrongful death suit.<\/p>\n<p>A <span data-term-id=\"56393305\">mass tort<\/span> is a tort action in which multiple people have the same cause of action against a single defendant. In a <span data-term-id=\"56393305\">mass tort<\/span>, the parties sue collectively for individual damages.<\/p>\n<p>A\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/litigation\/legal-system\/class-action-cases.html\"><span data-term-id=\"56393290\">class-action<\/span> suit<\/a>\u00a0occurs when the number of litigants is so great that individual lawsuits would take too long or lead to duplicative cases. In a <span data-term-id=\"56393290\">class-action<\/span> suit, one plaintiff represents the class. The results are binding on all class members and all future cases.<\/p>\n<p>A <span data-term-id=\"56393281\">toxic tort<\/span><span data-term-id=\"56393281\"> claim<\/span> is like a <span data-term-id=\"56393277\">personal injury<\/span> claim, but proving <span data-term-id=\"56393280\">causation<\/span> in <span data-term-id=\"56393287\">chemical exposure<\/span> is more complicated than in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/car-accidents\/car-accident-liability-proving-fault-in-a-car-crash.html\">car accident<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span data-term-id=\"56393313\">Types of <\/span><span data-term-id=\"56393275\">Toxic Torts<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"56393281\">Toxic tort<\/span><span data-term-id=\"56393281\"> claims<\/span> arise from any exposure to <span data-term-id=\"56393279\">toxic substances<\/span>, including <span data-term-id=\"56393293\">consumer products<\/span>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/pharmaceutical-drug-liability.html\">pharmaceuticals<\/a>, household products, and workplace chemicals. <span data-term-id=\"56393281\">Toxic tort<\/span><span data-term-id=\"56393281\"> claims<\/span> may include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lead poisoning from paint, pipes, and workplace exposure<\/li>\n<li>Lung disease caused by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/silicosis-risk-and-detection.html\">silica<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/who-is-at-risk-for-asbestos-related-illnesses.html\"><span data-term-id=\"56393278\">asbestos<\/span> exposure<\/a> in mining, construction, and heavy equipment operations<\/li>\n<li>Birth injuries such as leukemia due to exposure to solvents, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/product-liability-claims-arising-from-pesticides.html\"><span data-term-id=\"56393283\">pesticides<\/span><\/a>, and toxic waste<\/li>\n<li>Organ and nerve damage caused by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/benzene-sources-where-it-can-be-found.html\"><span data-term-id=\"56393295\">benzene<\/span> exposure<\/a>, heavy metal poisoning, and medications<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Proving a <span data-term-id=\"56393281\">Toxic Tort<\/span><span data-term-id=\"56393281\"> Claim<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Proving a <span data-term-id=\"56393276\">toxic tort<\/span><span data-term-id=\"56393276\"> case<\/span> has a few extra steps. In a typical tort claim, the plaintiff must prove these <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/proving-fault-what-is-negligence.html\">elements of negligence<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The defendant had a duty toward the plaintiff.<\/li>\n<li>There was a breach of duty.<\/li>\n<li>The breach was the actual cause of the injury.<\/li>\n<li>The plaintiff suffered actual harm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In a <span data-term-id=\"56393275\">toxic tort<\/span>, the plaintiff also needs to show all of these are true:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A <span data-term-id=\"56393279\">toxic substance<\/span> caused the injury.<\/li>\n<li>The plaintiff was exposed to the substance.<\/li>\n<li>The defendant was responsible for the <span data-term-id=\"56393315\">plaintiff\u2019s exposure<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>The defendant knew or reasonably should have known the substance was toxic.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For instance, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/monsanto-roundup-lawsuits.html\"><span data-term-id=\"56393283\">pesticide<\/span> DDT<\/a> was once thought to be safe. It is now known to be an environmental pollutant. If DDT spraying caused injuries before that, manufacturers were not liable for any injuries. After scientists discovered the risks, manufacturers became strictly liable for the harm.<\/p>\n<h3><span data-term-id=\"56393282\">Product Liability<\/span> in <span data-term-id=\"56393275\">Toxic Torts<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/legal-basis-for-liability-in-product-cases.html\"><span data-term-id=\"56393282\">Product liability<\/span><\/a>\u00a0is a legal theory that holds manufacturers strictly liable for any harm caused by manufacturing or design flaws. If a product is harmful or hazardous, plaintiffs do not need to prove negligence when filing a claim.<\/p>\n<p>For instance, lead paint is toxic. Any litigation involving <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/lead-poisoning.html\">lead paint<\/a> will not require the plaintiff to prove a breach of duty by the manufacturer or painter.<\/p>\n<h3><span data-term-id=\"56393284\">Statutes of Limitation<\/span> and Statutes of Repose<\/h3>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"56393302\">Toxic tort<\/span><span data-term-id=\"56393302\"> law<\/span> is no different from any other tort law. The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/time-limits-to-bring-a-case-the-statute-of-limitations.html\"><span data-term-id=\"56393284\">statutes of limitation<\/span><\/a>\u00a0in each state determine how long a plaintiff has to file a <span data-term-id=\"56393277\">personal injury<\/span> claim following an injury or exposure to a toxin. The deadline to file starts or &#8220;runs&#8221; from the date of the injury or the date it &#8220;reasonably&#8221; could have been discovered.<\/p>\n<p>For instance, <span data-term-id=\"56393294\">mesothelioma<\/span>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/mesothelioma-and-asbestos.html\">a cancer caused by <span data-term-id=\"56393278\">asbestos<\/span> exposure<\/a>, can take decades to develop after exposure. In addition, some types of exposure were not known to be hazardous until after the first lawsuits. For that reason, the <span data-term-id=\"56393284\">statute of limitations<\/span> might not begin until after a disease diagnosis.<\/p>\n<p>A\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/statute-of-repose.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statute of repose<\/a>\u00a0is a cutoff date that limits the time plaintiffs have to file <span data-term-id=\"56393312\">personal injury<\/span><span data-term-id=\"56393312\"> cases<\/span>, particularly in <span data-term-id=\"56393282\">product liability<\/span> cases. For instance, the <a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/la-court-of-appeal\/1271895.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dow Corning breast implant lawsuit<\/a>, which began in the 1980s, declared a final cutoff date of Sept. 17, 2022, for claims.<\/p>\n<h3><span data-term-id=\"56393300\">Expert Testimony<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Defendants in a <span data-term-id=\"56393276\">toxic tort<\/span><span data-term-id=\"56393276\"> case<\/span> do their best to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/legal-responsibility-for-toxic-exposure.html\">avoid liability<\/a>. The most common defense is &#8220;assumption of risk&#8221; or a variation thereof. They claim either that the plaintiff also knew of the hazard and exposed themselves willingly or that they disregarded safety procedures. For instance, if you work in <span data-term-id=\"56393278\">asbestos<\/span> remediation, your employer might claim you failed to wear proper respiratory gear.<\/p>\n<p>For these reasons, <span data-term-id=\"56393275\">toxic tort<\/span> lawyers need extensive experience handling these lawsuits.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/litigation\/filing-a-lawsuit\/fact-finding-and-discovery.html\">Discovery<\/a>\u00a0and witness testimony are essential in proving a case. <span data-term-id=\"56393300\">Expert testimony<\/span> from medical professionals and toxicologists will help explain how your injuries were due to exposure to chemicals and not other environmental factors.<\/p>\n<h2>How To Find a <span data-term-id=\"56393298\">Toxic Tort<\/span><span data-term-id=\"56393298\"> Attorney<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>If you think your illness or injury is due to exposure to a <span data-term-id=\"56393296\">dangerous substance<\/span>, you need <span data-term-id=\"56393303\">legal advice<\/span> immediately. The time to file <span data-term-id=\"56393275\">toxic tort<\/span> lawsuits is time-limited. A local attorney can review your claim and provide the advocacy you need for your case.<\/p>\n<p>Because state law is relevant, your attorney should be licensed in the state where the exposure occurred. FindLaw\u2019s directory of <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/toxic-torts\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"56393298\">toxic torts<\/span><span data-term-id=\"56393298\"> attorneys<\/span><\/a> can get you started. Enter your city or zipcode to find a list of qualified legal advisors in your area. Many attorneys offer free consultations.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              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