{"id":358064,"date":"2016-04-04T10:46:22","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:46:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/hirealawyer\/choosing-the-right-lawyer\/what-are-the-professional-requirements-for-becoming-a-lawyer.html"},"modified":"2026-01-19T09:32:00","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T14:32:00","slug":"what-are-the-professional-requirements-for-becoming-a-lawyer","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/hirealawyer\/choosing-the-right-lawyer\/what-are-the-professional-requirements-for-becoming-a-lawyer.html","title":{"rendered":"What Are the Professional Requirements for Becoming a Lawyer?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">What Are the Professional Requirements for Becoming a Lawyer?<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/susan-buckner-j-d\/\">Susan Buckner, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-bender-esq\/\">Melissa Bender, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            January 19, 2026\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <p>Becoming a lawyer requires completing a bachelor\u2019s degree, graduating from law school or an approved apprenticeship program, and passing a state bar exam. Applicants must also undergo a character and fitness review and take an oath to uphold the law before receiving their license to practice.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>You must meet the professional requirements to practice law or call yourself an attorney. These range from meeting educational standards and passing the bar exam to moral character and background checks. Below is a description of the standard prerequisites for the practice of law.<\/p>\n<p>Understanding what lawyers must do before practicing law may help you <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">find a qualified attorney<\/a>. It may also help you decide whether a legal career is right for you.<\/p>\n<h2>1. Complete a Bachelor&#8217;s Degree<\/h2>\n<p>Anyone pursuing a law degree must complete a bachelor&#8217;s degree program. No specific type of degree is required. Common prelaw undergraduate degrees are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Criminal justice<\/li>\n<li>Political science<\/li>\n<li>Intellectual property<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>But a criminal justice degree is not required for a career in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal.html\">criminal law<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>2. Pass the LSAT<\/h2>\n<p>After completing your bachelor&#8217;s degree, you must take the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/legalblogs\/practice-of-law\/can-the-lsat-stand-the-test-of-time\/\">Law School Admission Test<\/a> (LSAT). The LSAT score is one of several tools law school admissions staff use. The Law School Admission Council administers the LSAT. Students can use the results for admission to any law school.<\/p>\n<h2>3. Graduate From Law School<\/h2>\n<p>In most states, attorneys must graduate from a law school\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.americanbar.org\/groups\/legal_education\/resources\/aba_approved_law_schools.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">accredited by the American Bar Association<\/a>. States can set their own additional requirements. For instance, The California Bar requires:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Three or four years of study at an ABA-accredited law school or,<\/li>\n<li>Four years of study at a state bar fixed facility (not online) accredited law school or,<\/li>\n<li>Four years of study with a minimum of 864 hours of preparation at a registered unaccredited distance-learning or correspondence law school or,<\/li>\n<li>Four years of supervised study with a state judge or attorney, or,<\/li>\n<li>Any combination of the above<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Almost all attorneys get their juris doctor (J.D.) degree, but it is not required to become an attorney. Some leave law school without taking the bar and become paralegals, legal assistants, or law professors.<\/p>\n<h3>Bar Apprenticeship<\/h3>\n<p>Four states, California, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington, have alternate ways to get a legal education. These programs go by different names but are similar in scope. Would-be law students must study or work full-time under the supervision of an experienced attorney or judge. The supervisor and the student must report the student&#8217;s progress to the state bar.<\/p>\n<p>Once students complete their studies, they can take the bar exam with other law school graduates. In California, students who attend unaccredited law schools must take the &#8220;baby bar&#8221; during their first year of law school. No other state has this type of exam.<\/p>\n<h2>4. Pass the State Bar Exam<\/h2>\n<p>Even with a J.D. degree, you must pass the state bar examination to practice in your chosen state. Once you have passed the bar in one state, it becomes easier to take the bar in other states.<\/p>\n<p>A traditional bar exam takes roughly 18 hours over three days. The bar association offers the exam twice yearly, in February and July. The exam includes standardized questions and essays on multiple areas of law to assess a person&#8217;s understanding of the law and problem-solving ability.<\/p>\n<h3>Uniform Bar Exam<\/h3>\n<p>The state bar exam used to consist of 50 different tests. As of 2026, 41 states either use or plan to use the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaptest.com\/bar-exam\/what-is-the-uniform-bar-examination\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Uniform Bar Exam<\/a> (UBE) to test all law students. The UBE consists of three standardized tests: the Multistate Essay Examination, two Multistate Performance Test tasks, and the Multistate Bar Examination. The UBE may contain a state-specific component. Applicants can transfer the results to any UBE participating state.<\/p>\n<h3>NextGen Bar Exam<\/h3>\n<p>In 2026, five states, Connecticut, Maryland, Missouri, Oregon, and Wyoming, will phase in the NextGen Bar Exam. Bar examiners developed the test after studies of state bar examinations. There were complaints that the exam was not a realistic test of students&#8217; law knowledge.<\/p>\n<p>The NextGen Bar Exam assesses applicants&#8217; comprehension of:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Foundational law principles:\u00a0<\/b>such as civil procedure, contracts, evidence, torts, business law, constitutional law, criminal law, and real property. In 2028, the test will add family law.<\/li>\n<li><b>Foundational legal skills:\u00a0<\/b>including legal research, legal writing, issue spotting, client counseling, negotiation and dispute resolution, and case management.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Other states may sign on with the NextGen Exam before its roll-out in 2026.<\/p>\n<h3>Supervised Practice Portfolio Exam<\/h3>\n<p>As of 2024 , Oregon, Wisconsin, and New Hampshire students may become licensed attorneys without taking any bar exam.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.courts.oregon.gov\/courts\/appellate\/supreme\/pages\/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oregon Supreme Court<\/a> approved the Supervised Practice Portfolio Examination, which permits any ABA-accredited law school graduates to become licensed attorneys in Oregon.<\/p>\n<p>Applicants must:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Have graduated from an ABA-accredited law school<\/li>\n<li>Complete 675 hours of legal practice under the supervision of a licensed Oregon attorney<\/li>\n<li>Create a portfolio of legal work and submit it for evaluation to the Oregon State Board of Bar Examiners<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The Wisconsin and New Hampshire systems are different. College students who want to avoid years of law school but still practice law should contact their state bar association.<\/p>\n<h2>5. Complete a Character and Fitness Review<\/h2>\n<p>Since law practice involves the property and even clients&#8217; freedom, states require applicants to undergo moral character reviews. The review is an in-depth background check and includes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A review of the applicant&#8217;s law school application<\/li>\n<li>Criminal history and rehabilitation<\/li>\n<li>Honesty and candor on the application and toward the board<\/li>\n<li>Drug or alcohol abuse<\/li>\n<li>Allegations of moral turpitude, fraud, or unauthorized practice of law<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Applicants also must pass the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbex.org\/exams\/mpre\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Multistate Professional Responsibility Exam<\/a> (MPRE). This multiple-choice test covers legal issues that attorneys may face during their careers. Attorneys can apply the MPRE results to applications in other states besides the one in which they took the test.<\/p>\n<h2>6. Take an Oath<\/h2>\n<p>Prospective attorneys must take a legally binding oath to uphold the United States Constitution and the licensing state&#8217;s laws and constitution. Taking the oath is the start of an attorney&#8217;s legal career. Any notary or judge may administer the oath. States usually have mass swearings-in twice each year following the release of the bar exam results.<\/p>\n<h2>7. Obtain a License<\/h2>\n<p>When an attorney completes these requirements, they get a law license from their state supreme court or highest court. Check with your state&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/hirealawyer\/choosing-the-right-lawyer\/state-bar-associations.html\">bar association<\/a>\u00a0for the specific requirements for a law license.<\/p>\n<h2>A Qualified Attorney Can Answer Your Questions<\/h2>\n<p>The best person to discuss the professional requirements for becoming a lawyer is a lawyer themselves. <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FindLaw&#8217;s attorney directory<\/a> can get you started. Enter your practice area of interest and location to find a list of attorneys near you.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                       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3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Easy to understand\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                        >Easy to understand<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Solved my problem\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                        >Solved my problem<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--negative\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this not helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n                        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Missing Information\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Out of date\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                        >Out of date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\"><div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Complex or high-stakes issues, like a criminal case or <span data-term-id=\"56393277\">personal injury<\/span> lawsuit, often require a lawyer\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    A lawyer can simplify the process for business contracts, estate planning, and real estate legal issues\n<div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n<div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n<div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n<div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Minor <span data-term-id=\"56393319\">legal issues<\/span>, like traffic tickets or name changes, can often be handled on your own\n<div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n<div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n<div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n<div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n<div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n<p>Most legal situations can benefit from an attorney\u2019s guidance. 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