{"id":358068,"date":"2017-01-11T14:04:49","date_gmt":"2017-01-11T19:04:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/hirealawyer\/choosing-the-right-lawyer\/what-is-bad-faith-insurance-law.html"},"modified":"2024-04-09T14:25:55","modified_gmt":"2024-04-09T19:25:55","slug":"what-is-bad-faith-insurance-law","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/hirealawyer\/choosing-the-right-lawyer\/what-is-bad-faith-insurance-law.html","title":{"rendered":"Bad Faith in Insurance: What Policyholders Should Know"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Bad Faith in Insurance: What Policyholders Should Know<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/susan-buckner-j-d\/\">Susan Buckner, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-bender-esq\/\">Melissa Bender, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            April 09, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <p data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\">Bad faith insurance law protects policyholders when an insurance company unreasonably delays, denies, or mishandles a valid claim. Insurers have legal duties\u2014such as investigating claims, paying covered losses, and defending policyholders\u2014and violating those duties may amount to bad faith.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>When this happens, policyholders can pursue legal action to recover unpaid benefits and, in some states, additional damages. But at best, this process can drag out for weeks or months while you wait for a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/insurance\/bad-faith-insurance-settlements-examples.html\">reasonable settlement offer<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Businesses and individuals rely on insurance companies to pay claims without arguments. If the adjuster has questions, they should ask them promptly and investigate thoroughly. We expect insurance companies to act in good faith. If our insurance company acts unreasonably or fails to investigate a claim, it acts in bad faith.<\/p>\n<p>This article explains what a bad faith insurance claim is. It also discusses your legal options and how a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/bad-faith-insurance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bad faith attorney<\/a> can help.<\/p>\n<h2>What Are Bad Faith Insurance Practices?<\/h2>\n<p>Insurance companies have legal duties to their policyholders. Failing to perform these duties may amount to\u00a0bad faith. Your insurance policy should explain the duties your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/lemon-law\/glossary-automobile-insurance-terms.html\">insurance adjuster<\/a> will perform and what to expect during the claims process.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/insurance\/what-is-insurance-bad-faith.html\">Significant duties<\/a>\u00a0include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>The duty to\u00a0investigate<\/b>: Insurers must conduct a full investigation of the insurance claim. Failing to conduct an investigation or delaying an investigation without cause breaches that duty.<\/li>\n<li><b>The duty to\u00a0indemnify<\/b>: Your insurance policy should pay legitimate claims against you up to your policy limits.<\/li>\n<li><b>The duty to defend<\/b>: Part of indemnification is the duty to provide legal assistance during any legal action against you. Unless your policy specifically excludes defense costs in some cases, such as the cost of a defense attorney in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/dui\/charges.html\">DUI case<\/a>, your insurer must provide legal advice.<\/li>\n<li><b>The duty to settle<\/b>: In some states, insurers have a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/resolution-before-trial-settlement.html\">duty to settle<\/a>. Insurance companies may not force litigation if the claimant is willing to settle to reduce liability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>All states have a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/content.naic.org\/state-insurance-departments\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state department of insurance.<\/a>\u00a0These have different names in each state. They are not attorney referral agencies. They can help you understand the laws in your state. Some can give you information on bad faith insurance cases against insurers.<\/p>\n<p>Each state has its own laws regarding bad faith practices. For instance, California considers bad faith to include a failure to defend, a failure to settle, and \u201cnegligent mishandling.&#8221; If you believe your insurer is dealing in bad faith, you should <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/bad-faith-insurance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">consult an experienced attorney<\/a> immediately.<\/p>\n<h2>Signs You May Need a Bad Faith Lawyer<\/h2>\n<p>You have a limited amount of time to file a bad faith claim against an insurance company. The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/accident-and-injury-laws\/civil-statute-of-limitations-laws.html\">statute of limitations<\/a>\u00a0for these claims depends on how your state views the cause of action. The sooner you recognize a possible bad faith action by the insurer, the better your chances of successful litigation.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/insurance\/insurance-company-bad-faith-tactics-and-examples.html\">Signs of bad faith<\/a> to watch\u00a0for include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Delayed or evasive communications<\/b>: If your agent won&#8217;t respond to calls or emails, contact an attorney at once.<\/li>\n<li><b>Failure to investigate damage without a reasonable explanation<\/b>: A damage claim requires a physical investigation. It may take time for the investigation to occur, such as after a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/owning-a-home\/does-homeowners-insurance-cover-natural-disasters.html\">major storm<\/a>. If the adjuster has no good reason, call your lawyer.<\/li>\n<li><b>Extending the investigation or the claim period without justification<\/b>: Sometimes, insurers must extend a claim for reasons beyond the adjuster&#8217;s control. An example could be a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/car-accidents\/car-accidents-faq.html\">car accident<\/a> in which the other party isn&#8217;t providing information. If there is no reasonable excuse, your attorney should find out what it is.<\/li>\n<li><b>Offering a quick settlement or cash payout<\/b>: You should receive the full coverage of your policy. If your insurer offers you a settlement right away that is less than the total damages, a tactic known as \u201clowballing,&#8221; be suspicious.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In most states, you can sue your insurance company for violating its contractual obligations. Some states may have laws against violating covenants of good faith and fair dealing. A few will allow you to sue for damages <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries.html\">in tort<\/a>. This type of bad faith lawsuit lets you sue for additional damages.<\/p>\n<h2>Bad Faith Causes of Action<\/h2>\n<p>Bad faith litigation requires you <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/insurance\/do-i-need-a-bad-faith-insurance-lawyer.html\">and your attorney<\/a> to show that:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>You had a valid claim under your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/insurance\/insurance-policies.html\">insurance policy<\/a>. You must also show that your policy was valid and that you paid your premiums on time.<\/li>\n<li>Your insurer failed to pay your claim, but the denial was unreasonable or improper.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>As the claimant, you bear the burden of proof to show a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/business-contracts-forms\/breach-of-contract-and-lawsuits.html\">breach of contract<\/a> or that the company failed in one of its duties under your agreement. Your attorney can tell you whether your state laws permit a tort claim for additional damages.<\/p>\n<h2>How To Find an Attorney for Your Bad Faith Claim<\/h2>\n<p>If you believe your insurance company is mishandling your claim, you need an attorney. State laws differ in how much time you have to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/insurance\/how-to-file-a-bad-faith-insurance-claim.html\">file a claim<\/a>, and the sooner you begin the process, the better.<\/p>\n<p>Because state law and time limits are relevant, be sure to choose a lawyer who is licensed in your state. FindLaw&#8217;s directory of <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/bad-faith-insurance\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bad faith insurance attorneys <\/a>can get you started. Enter your city or ZIP code for a list of qualified legal professionals near you. Your search results will also show ratings and contact information. Then, reach out for expert legal advice.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              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1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p 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class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\"><div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Consumer legal issues typically need an attorney\u2019s support\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Accident and injury claims are complex and insurance carriers have lawyers on their side\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Minor legal issues, like name changes or traffic tickets, can often be handled on your own\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n<div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n<div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n<p>Most legal situations can benefit from an attorney\u2019s guidance. 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