{"id":369115,"date":"2016-04-04T10:47:12","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:47:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/realestate\/construction-defects\/types-of-construction-defects.html"},"modified":"2024-04-29T17:05:43","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T22:05:43","slug":"types-of-construction-defects","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/construction-defects\/types-of-construction-defects.html","title":{"rendered":"Types of Construction Defects"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Types of Construction Defects<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw Staff<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/robert-rafii-esq\/\">Robert Rafii, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            April 29, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>Property owners, especially homeowners, must be wary of construction defect cases. Construction defects include improperly manufactured materials and poor workmanship. They also include a failure to follow real estate construction codes. Any deficiency in a building project can be considered a construction defect, including:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Defective architectural designs<\/li>\r\n<li>Lack of planning or supervision<\/li>\r\n<li>Lack of a proper&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/buying-a-home\/home-inspections-before-you-buy.html\">inspection<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>Improper construction<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Most common types of construction defects occur when:<\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n<li>There is a failure to construct a building in a reasonably workmanlike manner; or<\/li>\r\n<li>The structure fails to perform in the buyer&#8217;s intended manner<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h2><b>Common Construction Defects<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Some of the most common and high-cost construction defects occur in the following areas:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Structural integrity&nbsp;\u2014\u200b&nbsp;concrete, stucco, masonry &amp; division, carpentry, unstable foundations<\/li>\r\n<li>Mechanical problems<\/li>\r\n<li>Electrical issues<\/li>\r\n<li>Water intrusion (which can result in property damage and toxic mold exposure)<\/li>\r\n<li>Thermal and moisture protection<\/li>\r\n<li>Doors, windows, and glass seals<\/li>\r\n<li>Finishing defects, especially in new homes<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>These kinds of defects generally arise in one of four different ways described below.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Categories of Construction Defects<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Generally, courts categorize construction defects in one of four categories:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Design deficiencies<\/li>\r\n<li>Material deficiencies<\/li>\r\n<li>Construction deficiencies<\/li>\r\n<li>Subsurface deficiencies<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Each category of defect is caused by a different general kind of problem. Below is a description of each.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Design Deficiencies<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>Design professionals include architects and engineers. These professionals design buildings and systems. But even professionals don\u2019t always work as specified, which can result in a defect. Typical&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/defects-in-design.html\">design deficiencies<\/a>&nbsp;relate to building outside of the specified building codes. Improperly designed roofs are an example of a design defect. They can result in water penetration, intrusion, poor drainage, or inadequate structural support.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Material Deficiencies<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>Using&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/building-code.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">inferior building materials<\/a>&nbsp;can cause significant problems. Material defects include windows that leak or inferior concrete that cracks under pressure. Inferior products can fail to perform and function adequately, even when properly installed.<\/p>\r\n<p>Common manufacturer problems with building materials can include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Deteriorating flashing<\/li>\r\n<li>Building paper or waterproofing membranes that are not up to code<\/li>\r\n<li>Inferior asphalt roofing shingles<\/li>\r\n<li>Inferior drywall that is not approved for use in wet or damp areas (this is especially true in bathrooms and laundry rooms)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>A material deficiency may be a patent defect if it is easily discovered. Unlike a latent defect, it\u2019s easy to discover by the naked eye.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Construction Deficiencies<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>Poor quality workmanship can result in many defects. Many construction defects are not up to code. They may also be covered up by a contractor during the construction process. A common example is water intrusion through some parts of the building structure. A construction project may have vulnerable windows, doors, or roof openings. Any water intrusion can create an environment for mold growth. Other construction defects include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Cracks in the foundation<\/li>\r\n<li>Dry rot in lumber<\/li>\r\n<li>Electrical and mechanical problems<\/li>\r\n<li>Plumbing leaks<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><b>Disclaimer<\/b>: In these situations, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/construction-defects\/legal-liability-for-construction-defects.html\">construction companies and their subcontractors may be liable<\/a>. You may be able to sue them for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/business-contracts-forms\/breach-of-contract-and-lawsuits.html\">breach of contract or warranty<\/a>. Other causes of action (claims) may be available depending on your specific circumstances.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Subsurface Deficiencies<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>Expansive soil conditions are typical in many parts of the country. Some houses are built on hills. Others are built on shifting soil or areas where providing a stable foundation is difficult. A lack of a solid foundation may result in cracked foundations and other damage to the building.<\/p>\r\n<p>Suppose subsurface conditions are not properly compacted and prepared for&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/neighbors\/water-damage-and-neighbor-disputes.html\">adequate drainage<\/a>. Here, a property may experience:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Improper settling to the ground (subsidence)<\/li>\r\n<li>Structure moving or shifting<\/li>\r\n<li>Flooding<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Subsurface deficiencies can be latent in nature. That means they won\u2019t be obvious to the naked eye unless a thorough inspection or a long amount of time has passed. Eventually, when a home starts sinking, the problem becomes obvious.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Have Questions About the Different Types of Construction Defects? Ask a Lawyer<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Construction defects can result in serious&nbsp;financial complications. They can pose difficulties&nbsp;and property damage under real estate law. Construction defects can also go unnoticed for a long period of time. Delayed discovery of the problem can make construction defect disputes complicated to manage.<\/p>\r\n<p>Avoid facing construction litigation without a real estate attorney. It&#8217;s a good idea to consult with a local&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/housing-construction-defects\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">construction defects attorney<\/a> who can give you legal advice. They are experienced in real estate litigation and construction defect law. Their law offices can help you with an effective construction defect claim.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path 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