{"id":369200,"date":"2016-04-04T10:47:16","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:47:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/realestate\/landlord-tenant-law\/defenses-to-eviction.html"},"modified":"2023-10-04T13:28:07","modified_gmt":"2023-10-04T18:28:07","slug":"defenses-to-eviction","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/landlord-tenant-law\/defenses-to-eviction.html","title":{"rendered":"Defenses to Eviction"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Defenses to Eviction<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-mccall-j-d\/\">Melissa McCall, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/katrina-wilson-esq\/\">Katrina Wilson, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last reviewed\n        <time>\n                            October 04, 2023\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>Many Americans face eviction every year. Local laws provide eviction defenses for tenants, such as a notice requirement, the possibility of paying partial rent, and more.<\/p>\r\n<p>This article explores a few common defenses to an eviction.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Common Reasons for Eviction<\/h2>\r\n<p>Landlords cannot evict tenants just because they want to evict them. They also cannot use what&#8217;s known as self-help, such as changing the locks, to accomplish an eviction. They need a reason and a court order. They must go through their local eviction process.<\/p>\r\n<p>A few common reasons for eviction include these lease violations:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Nonpayment of rent<\/li>\r\n<li>Illegal activity<\/li>\r\n<li>Damage to the rental unit (beyond normal wear and tear) caused by the tenant<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Common Defenses to an Eviction Lawsuit<\/h2>\r\n<p>An eviction defense can help you stay in your rental unit if you are facing eviction. A few of the most common eviction defenses include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Improper notice, meaning the landlord did not follow proper procedures with the eviction notice<\/li>\r\n<li>The landlord&#8217;s failure to maintain the rental unit<\/li>\r\n<li>The landlord&#8217;s acceptance of partial rent<\/li>\r\n<li>Housing discrimination<\/li>\r\n<li>Misuse of security deposit<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Improper Notice<\/h2>\r\n<p>State laws vary on the requirements for giving proper notice of an eviction. Eviction defenses related to these requirements often include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/archive.findlaw.com\/blog\/how-to-evict-someone\/#:~:text=Notices%20can%20give%20the%20tenant%20a%20chance%20to%20cure%20(solve%20the%20problem)%20or%20just%20notice%20to%20quit%20(leave).\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Notice to Quit<\/a>&nbsp;does not provide the tenant with the right amount of time to cure the default.<\/li>\r\n<li>The landlord filed a Notice to Quit for nonpayment of rent, yet you paid the rent.<\/li>\r\n<li>The notice does not include the amount of rent due or a reason for the eviction.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>If the landlord does not use proper notice, the tenant may have a defense to eviction. The tenant can raise this defense during eviction proceedings.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Acceptance of Partial Rent<\/h2>\r\n<p>If the landlord accepts partial rent, knowing the tenant is not complying with the lease agreement, they cannot evict the tenant during that rent period.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Failure to Maintain the Rental Unit<\/h2>\r\n<p>Every apartment has an implied habitability warranty that ensures the rental unit is livable. Your landlord is responsible for ensuring your rental unit meets all local housing codes and making repairs when it doesn&#8217;t. If your landlord has failed to perform proper upkeep of the rental unit, you may have a defense in an eviction case.<\/p>\r\n<p>First, you should give your landlord written notice of the defect, giving them a reasonable amount of time to repair it. If they do not, you can hire someone and pay for the repairs, then deduct the cost of the repairs from the next month&#8217;s rent. Check your state laws, as some states restrict this practice.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Retaliatory Eviction<\/h2>\r\n<p>This type of eviction action occurs when the landlord takes action against a tenant activist. The right to organize is a basic tenant right. The tenant has a valid&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/landlord-tenant-law\/illegal-retaliatory-evictions.html\">retaliatory eviction claim<\/a>&nbsp;if the landlord seeks to evict the tenant for the following:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Reporting code violations<\/li>\r\n<li>Requesting that the landlord maintain the rental property<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>If you&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/landlord-tenant-law\/how-does-the-tenant-prove-that-the-landlord-s-conduct-was-retalia.html\">use retaliatory eviction as your defense<\/a>, the landlord has to prove, by clear and convincing evidence, that the eviction has nothing to do with the tenant&#8217;s protected activities.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Constructive Eviction<\/h2>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/eviction.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Constructive eviction<\/a>&nbsp;occurs when residential rental property is in an uninhabitable condition. When rental property is not habitable, the tenant does not have full use and possession of the rental property. The law treats this as an eviction.<\/p>\r\n<p>To use this defense, the tenant should give the landlord written notice of the defects and give the landlord a reasonable amount of time to fix the problems. If the landlord does not fix the issues within a reasonable amount of time, the tenant may leave the rental property without responsibility for payment of rent.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Housing Discrimination<\/h2>\r\n<p>The&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/discrimination\/fair-housing-federal-laws.html\">Fair Housing Act<\/a>&nbsp;prohibits discrimination based on protected characteristics in housing and real estate transactions. These characteristics include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Race<\/li>\r\n<li>Ethnicity<\/li>\r\n<li>Religion<\/li>\r\n<li>National origin<\/li>\r\n<li>Familial status<\/li>\r\n<li>Marital status<\/li>\r\n<li>Sexual orientation<\/li>\r\n<li>Disability<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>The act covers discrimination in all housing-related transactions, including rentals and leases.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Misuse of Security Deposit<\/h2>\r\n<p>In many states, such as California, some tenants can use misuse of security deposit as an eviction defense. In California, landlords could not use a security deposit to settle COVID-related rental debt during tenancies between March 1, 2020, and September 30, 2021.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Get Legal Help<\/h2>\r\n<p>If you are facing an eviction or unlawful detainer action, you should speak to a local&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/landlord-tenant\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">landlord-tenant law attorney<\/a>&nbsp;before you vacate the rental property. They can give you legal advice and help you prepare defenses to eviction.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path 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   <\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tenants have eviction defenses to guard against an improper eviction. This FindLaw article explores these defenses in detail. Read on to learn more.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41135,"featured_media":0,"parent":369187,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/ArticleWithBreadcrumbsController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":[]},"categories":[2741],"tags":[],"state_laws_tags":[],"flmsa":[],"class_list":["post-369200","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-realestate"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/369200","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/41135"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=369200"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/369200\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/369187"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=369200"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=369200"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=369200"},{"taxonomy":"state_laws_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/state_laws_tags?post=369200"},{"taxonomy":"flmsa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/flmsa?post=369200"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}