{"id":369273,"date":"2016-04-04T10:47:19","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:47:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/realestate\/landlord-tenant-law\/tenants-and-fair-housing.html"},"modified":"2023-09-19T11:36:52","modified_gmt":"2023-09-19T16:36:52","slug":"tenants-and-fair-housing","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/landlord-tenant-law\/tenants-and-fair-housing.html","title":{"rendered":"Tenants and Fair Housing"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Tenants and Fair Housing<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/melissa-mccall-j-d\/\">Melissa McCall, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/katrina-wilson-esq\/\">Katrina Wilson, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last reviewed\n        <time>\n                            September 19, 2023\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hud.gov\/program_offices\/fair_housing_equal_opp\/fair_housing_act_overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fair Housing Act<\/a>&nbsp;bans housing discrimination based on protected characteristics in the rental, sale, or financing of housing. This act aims to ensure all Americans have an equal opportunity to get housing.<\/p>\r\n<p>While housing providers have the right to screen tenants, they cannot deny a renter for discriminatory reasons. For example, you can ask for proof of income, such as a W2 or a Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) letter. You cannot deny a rental application if the potential tenant uses a voucher as a source of income. Asking a prospective tenant to pay a higher security deposit may invite scrutiny if the prospective tenant is a protected class member.<\/p>\r\n<p>This article explores fair housing laws, fair housing law violations, and possible remedies.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Fair Housing Laws<\/h2>\r\n<p>Fair housing laws offer prospective tenants protection against discrimination based on protected characteristics. State and local ordinances often include fair housing or anti-discrimination laws.<\/p>\r\n<p>Federal law offers some exclusions.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/crt\/fair-housing-act-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Religious organizations<\/a>&nbsp;can limit their rental of housing to members of that religion. This exclusion applies to noncommercial housing. Property managers for housing for&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hud.gov\/program_offices\/fair_housing_equal_opp\/fair_housing_act_housing_older_persons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">older persons<\/a>&nbsp;can refuse to rent to families with children.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Protected Classes<\/h3>\r\n<p>Certain classes of people have historically been denied housing in America based on their membership in a protected class.<\/p>\r\n<p>Protected classes include the following:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Race<\/li>\r\n<li>Sex (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hud.gov\/program_offices\/fair_housing_equal_opp\/fair_housing_act_overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this includes sexual orientation and gender identity<\/a>)<\/li>\r\n<li>National origin<\/li>\r\n<li>Religion<\/li>\r\n<li>Disability<\/li>\r\n<li>Familial status<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Fair housing laws apply to homeowner-landlords, realtors, real estate agents, and mortgage lenders. These laws cover almost everyone connected to a property&#8217;s sale, rental, or financing.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Discriminatory Practices In Housing<\/h3>\r\n<p>The Fair Housing Act bans landlords from engaging in certain discriminatory practices.<\/p>\r\n<p>These practices include the following:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Setting different rules for individual tenants<\/li>\r\n<li>Refusing reasonable modifications for disabled tenants<\/li>\r\n<li>Advertisements that suggest the apartment is only available to select group<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Under the Americans with Disabilities Act, housing providers must make&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/discrimination\/rental-housing-rights-for-disabled-tenants.html\">reasonable accommodations for tenants with disabilities<\/a>. This includes allowing tenants to make reasonable modifications to the rental unit, such as installing grab bars in the bathroom. Physical or mental impairment is not a barrier to equal opportunity in housing.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Fair Housing Violations and Remedies<\/h2>\r\n<p>Anyone who has experienced a violation of their fair housing rights can file a discrimination complaint. A landlord or property manager cannot threaten eviction against the complainant.<\/p>\r\n<p>The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) enforces the federal Fair Housing Act and other federal fair housing laws. After getting the fair housing complaint, HUD&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hud.gov\/program_offices\/fair_housing_equal_opp\/complaint-process#_What_Happens_After\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">investigates the complaint<\/a>. HUD will determine if a fair housing violation exists. If it does, HUD issues a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hud.gov\/program_offices\/fair_housing_equal_opp\/fair_housing_act_overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Determination of Reasonable Cause and a Charge of Discrimination<\/a>. The complainants and the respondents then have 20 days to decide where to try the case. They can choose a HUD Administrative Law Judge or a Federal District Court Judge.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Remedies<\/h3>\r\n<p>Remedies available to HUD include the following:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Compensation&nbsp;for actual damages<\/li>\r\n<li>Punitive damages (to deter future discriminatory behavior)<\/li>\r\n<li>Equitable relief (includes orders granting housing to the complainant)<\/li>\r\n<li>Permanent injunctions (such as an order prohibiting future discriminatory behavior)<\/li>\r\n<li>Attorneys fees<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Get Help<\/h2>\r\n<p>Fair Housing law is complex. It includes federal, state, and local laws. An experienced, local landlord-tenant attorney can provide sound legal advice. They can also help you navigate landlord-tenant laws. Speak to an experienced&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/landlord-tenant\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">landlord-tenant attorney<\/a>&nbsp;near you today.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n           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   <\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fair housing laws ensure all people have an equal opportunity to sell, rent, or finance housing. 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