{"id":369443,"date":"2016-04-04T10:47:27","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:47:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/realestate\/owning-a-home\/what-are-co-ops.html"},"modified":"2023-12-12T17:02:52","modified_gmt":"2023-12-12T22:02:52","slug":"what-are-co-ops","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/owning-a-home\/what-are-co-ops.html","title":{"rendered":"What Are Co-Ops?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">What Are Co-Ops?<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/robert-rafii-esq\/\">Robert Rafii, Esq.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/aisha-success-esq\/\">Aisha Success, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            December 12, 2023\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>A cooperative, commonly known as a co-op, is much more like living in an apartment or a condo than a single-family home. Many co-op buildings started as rental buildings but were later converted. Co-ops are more restrictive than condominiums and townhouses. But they also offer residents a greater say in decision-making and several aspects of property management.<\/p>\r\n<p>Co-op apartments are a popular housing option for New York City (NYC) home buyers. Like all homeownership, co-op ownership has financial obligations like real estate taxes. Buying into a co-op or another type of property purchase is a major investment.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Ownership &#8216;Shares&#8217; in a Co-op<\/h2>\r\n<p>Unlike a condo owner, an owner of a co-op does not own their unit. A non-profit&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/incorporation-and-legal-structures\/corporations.html\">corporation<\/a>&nbsp;with a corporate board of directors owns co-op housing. The board functions like a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/owning-a-home\/home-owners-associations.html\">condo association or HOA<\/a>&nbsp;in other forms of multi-occupancy real property. Each resident is a &quot;shareholder&quot; in the corporation.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/owning-a-home\/tips-for-buying-a-condo-or-co-op.html\">Co-op buyers<\/a>&nbsp;do not sign a deed. Instead, they buy shares of the corporation, including a lease granting the use of a specific unit. The size of the unit can decide the number of shares owned. They correspond to each tenant&#8217;s share of the property. In all types of co-ops, shareholders get voting rights on issues affecting the property, including:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Maintenance fees and upkeep<\/li>\r\n<li>Common areas<\/li>\r\n<li>Improvements<\/li>\r\n<li>Approval processes and application processes for new homeowners, subletting, and leasing co-ops<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>There can be several&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/owning-a-home\/advantages-of-condos-and-co-ops.html\">advantages to living in a co-op<\/a>. Residents enjoy representation and access through the National Association of Housing Cooperatives (NAHC). A co-op may be more affordable than a single-family home. Cooperatives are also a good alternative for people who no longer want to be renters. Renters may have to consider moving when their lease is up or risk higher rental rates. A co-op offers more stability compared with apartments.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Co-op Mortgage<\/h2>\r\n<p>The &quot;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/mortgages-equity-loans\/mortgage-basics.html\">mortgage<\/a>&quot; one gets when buying a co-op is not a mortgage in the classical sense of the word. Though like a mortgage, it is a loan to buy shares in the corporation. For the buyer, the loan to buy shares in a co-op functions like a mortgage. It might have an interest rate and closing costs like a traditional bank mortgage.<\/p>\r\n<p>Some lenders do not offer co-op loans. Lenders that offer co-op loans may have more requirements for approval, including a higher minimum down payment. Before approving a loan, your lender may also audit the co-op board, financial disclosures, and co-op bylaws. If the co-op limits your ability to sell the shares, like a limited equity co-op, a lender may be less willing to approve a co-op loan.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Maintenance Fees in a Housing Cooperative<\/h2>\r\n<p>Besides the share sale price for a co-op, there may also be a monthly maintenance fee for the upkeep of the property. Monthly fees can include utilities, maintenance, repairs, and property taxes. This fee can range from a small amount to levels higher than mortgage payments. Parts of the maintenance fee may be tax-deductible.<\/p>\r\n<p>Prospective buyers need to understand&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/owning-a-home\/disadvantages-of-condos-and-co-ops.html\">all the fees involved in a purchase<\/a>, including the volatility of maintenance fees. If you are looking to buy, review the co-op&#8217;s financial records to get a better idea of the corporation&#8217;s financial condition.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Property Improvements and Additions<\/h2>\r\n<p>Because co-op owners own shares instead of their units, they are generally not allowed to do major construction inside their apartments beyond simple maintenance. A co-op owner may not install a new kitchen or tear down any walls. Some changes to the unit must go to a shareholder vote or a vote of the board of directors.<\/p>\r\n<p>With limited property improvement options, co-op living is like living in an apartment building. The positive side is that residents are not responsible for making their own repairs. Generally, an on-site maintenance crew or superintendent handles regular repairs.<\/p>\r\n<h2>A Real Estate Lawyer Can Help<\/h2>\r\n<p>If you have questions about the terms of your co-op agreement,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/real-estate-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">an experienced real estate attorney<\/a>&nbsp;can answer them and review them. They can tell you about legal issues that a traditional real estate agent may not know.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path 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<\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A co-op is a corporation that owns real estate, with members sharing in the housing units. 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