{"id":371287,"date":"2016-09-29T17:42:36","date_gmt":"2016-09-29T22:42:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/alabama-law\/alabama-car-accident-compensation-laws.html"},"modified":"2025-01-06T11:55:00","modified_gmt":"2025-01-06T16:55:00","slug":"alabama-car-accident-compensation-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/alabama-law\/alabama-car-accident-compensation-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"Alabama Car Accident Compensation Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Alabama Car Accident Compensation Laws<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/susan-buckner-j-d\/\">Susan Buckner, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">Garrett Monteagudo, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            January 06, 2025\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>After an accident, filing a car accident claim is usually a matter of sending in your paperwork and waiting for the insurance adjuster. But if there is more damage than your insurance will cover, you may need to file a lawsuit against the other driver.<\/p>\r\n<p>In some states, including Alabama, laws make it difficult for car accident victims to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/insurance-claims-after-an-accident-the-basics.html\">file an injury claim<\/a>. These laws affect:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Who can make a claim<\/li>\r\n<li>Who must prove fault<\/li>\r\n<li>Who must pay after an auto accident<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Continue reading to learn more about Alabama car accident compensation laws.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Alabama Car Accident Laws<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Alabama insurance requirements resemble those of most other states. Drivers must carry <a href=\"https:\/\/www.revenue.alabama.gov\/faqs\/what-are-the-insurance-requirements\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">basic liability insurance<\/a>, and insurance companies have optional uninsured motorist (UIM) coverage and other benefits. In a car accident case, how your car insurance protects you depends on your state.<\/p>\r\n<p>Alabama car accident laws impose unique restrictions on claimants, regardless of their auto insurance.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>At-Fault Insurance<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>Alabama is an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/car-accidents\/car-insurance-laws-by-state.html\">at-fault insurance state<\/a>. This means the at-fault driver&#8217;s insurance pays damages for the accident. Drivers injured in a car accident file their insurance claim with the other driver&#8217;s insurance company. The injured driver must show that the other driver was responsible for the accident to recover for any injuries or vehicle damages.<\/p>\r\n<p>In a &quot;no-fault&quot; state, drivers file first with their own insurance companies. Drivers only sue the at-fault party if their insurance coverage does not cover the total damages.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Pure Contributory Negligence<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>Alabama follows a strict legal theory called &quot;pure contributory negligence&quot; for personal injury lawsuits. To prove a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/alabama-law\/alabama-negligence-laws.html\">negligence case<\/a>, a claimant must show:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><b>Duty<\/b> to the claimant<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Breach<\/b> of the duty<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Causation<\/b> of an injury<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Injury<\/b> in fact<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>In a car accident case, &quot;duty&quot; means obeying traffic laws, and &quot;breach&quot; means breaking one or more <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/traffic.html\">traffic laws<\/a>. As a defense, the other driver can claim the plaintiff was partially responsible for the accident.<\/p>\r\n<p>Under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/contributory-and-comparative-negligence.html\">pure contributory negligence<\/a>, an accident victim cannot recover if they are in any way responsible for the accident. This is sometimes described as being even 1% responsible. In other words, if the defendant can show you did something that helped cause the accident, you cannot recover damages.<\/p>\r\n<p>This harsh rule differs from states that use comparative fault. In those states, drivers can be partially responsible and still recover some damages. Those state laws recognize that courts should apportion fault according to the degree of fault, such as 80%- 20%. But that is not the law in Alabama.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Guest Statute<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>Alabama has a one-of-a-kind &quot;guest statute.&quot; This rule (<a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/al\/title-32-motor-vehicles-and-traffic\/al-code-sect-32-1-2.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Code Title 32. Motor Vehicles and Traffic. \u00a7 32-1-2<\/a>) prevents &quot;guests&quot; or non-paying passengers from suing for damages unless their injuries are the result of &quot;willful or wanton misconduct&quot; by the driver. This is a higher standard than negligence.<\/p>\r\n<p>In other states, passengers receive fair compensation for injuries from a car crash, regardless of the driver&#8217;s conduct.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Damages and Limits<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>In a personal injury case, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/car-accidents\/what-kinds-of-damages-may-i-claim-for-car-accident-injuries.html\">damages<\/a><b> <\/b>are compensation for everything you suffer due to the accident. Most people think of medical bills and auto repairs, but it can include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Bodily injuries and rehabilitation, including future medical expenses<\/li>\r\n<li>Lost wages or income<\/li>\r\n<li>Non-economic damages such as pain and suffering<\/li>\r\n<li>Wrongful death<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3>Statute of Limitations<\/h3>\r\n<p>Claimants must file tort claims within a certain amount of time, known as the <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/al\/title-6-civil-practice\/al-code-sect-6-2-38.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statute of limitations<\/a>.<b> <\/b>In Alabama, the statute of limitations for motor vehicle accidents is two years from the date of the accident. If you sustain an injury in a collision, contact a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/reasons-to-hire-an-experienced-personal-injury-attorney.html\">personal injury attorney<\/a> immediately in case of insurance delays.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Damage Caps<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>Most insurance policies have payout limits. For instance, a medical policy will only pay $500,000 of medical costs after a $2,500 deductible. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/what-is-a-damages-cap.html\">Damage caps<\/a> are set by state law to limit plaintiffs&#8217; awards and prevent insurance companies from paying out excessive amounts while still giving claimants reasonable damages for their cases.<\/p>\r\n<p>Courts seldom award punitive damages in civil claims. Punitive damages punish the defendant when their actions are unusually reckless or wanton. <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/al\/title-6-civil-practice\/al-code-sect-6-11-21.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alabama code<\/a> limits punitive damages to three times the value of compensatory damages, or $1.5 million, whichever is more.<\/p>\r\n<p><b>Municipal damages<\/b> apply if a car accident involves a city or county vehicle. Since these damages come out of city taxes (including yours), Alabama code limits <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/al\/title-11-counties-and-municipal-corporations\/al-code-sect-11-93-2.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">municipal damages<\/a> to:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>$300,000 if two or more parties claim injury<\/li>\r\n<li>$100,000 for property damage<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><b>Need Legal Advice? Contact an Alabama Car Accident Lawyer<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>After a crash, you deserve fair car accident compensation. Alabama laws make it difficult to win your case alone. Get legal advice from an <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/motor-vehicle-accidents-plaintiff\/alabama\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alabama car accident attorney<\/a> before you file a claim or accept a settlement offer.<\/p>\r\n<p>With several traps found in pure contributory negligence, the guest statute, and other assorted claim limits, the advice of a seasoned attorney is often crucial to recovery. If you&#8217;ve been in a car accident and believe you&#8217;re entitled to more compensation than the insurance company has offered, consider speaking with an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/motor-vehicle-accidents-plaintiff\/alabama\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alabama injury law attorney<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              d=\"M6 21H3C2.46957 21 1.96086 20.7893 1.58579 20.4142C1.21071 20.0391 1 19.5304 1 19V12C1 11.4696 1.21071 10.9609 1.58579 10.5858C1.96086 10.2107 2.46957 10 3 10H6M13 8V4C13 3.20435 12.6839 2.44129 12.1213 1.87868C11.5587 1.31607 10.7956 1 10 1L6 10V21H17.28C17.7623 21.0055 18.2304 20.8364 18.5979 20.524C18.9654 20.2116 19.2077 19.7769 19.28 19.3L20.66 10.3C20.7035 10.0134 20.6842 9.72068 20.6033 9.44225C20.5225 9.16382 20.3821 8.90629 20.1919 8.68751C20.0016 8.46873 19.7661 8.29393 19.5016 8.17522C19.2371 8.0565 18.9499 7.99672 18.66 8H13Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n                              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20.2154 1.55681C20.645 1.9255 20.9242 2.43905 21 3V10C20.9242 10.5609 20.645 11.0745 20.2154 11.4432C19.7859 11.8119 19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Easy to understand\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                        >Easy to understand<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Solved my problem\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                        >Solved my problem<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                 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          >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Out of date\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                        >Out of date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\">\n        <div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    A lawyer can help seek fair compensation on your behalf\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Car accident claims are complex and insurance carriers have lawyers on their side\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>Get tailored legal advice and ask a lawyer questions about your accident. Many attorneys offer free consultations.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link fl-flex\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link\">\n                <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <p class=\"find-attorney\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/motor-vehicle-accidents-plaintiff\/#USER_GEO\/?fli=esum\" title=\"Car Accident Attorney Directory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">If you need an attorney, find one right now.<\/a><\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"email-subscription fl-mb30\">\n    <div class=\"email-subscription-header\">\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-content\">\n            <h3 class=\"fl-callout-sm fl-no-margin\">Stay Up-to-Date With How the Law Affects Your Life<\/h3>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-image fl-flex fl-items-end\">\n            <img 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