{"id":371747,"date":"2016-03-31T21:34:27","date_gmt":"2016-04-01T02:34:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/california-law\/california-child-custody-laws.html"},"modified":"2024-12-12T18:15:54","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T23:15:54","slug":"california-child-custody-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/california-law\/california-child-custody-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"California Child Custody Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">California Child Custody Laws<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/olivia-wathne-jd\/\">Olivia Wathne, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/ally-marshall-esq\/\">Ally Marshall, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            December 12, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>When they separate, parents must agree on child custody arrangements. These arrangements include how they will make major decisions about their child moving forward (legal custody). They also must decide how they will share time with the child. Time with the child is parenting time, timesharing, or physical custody, depending on the state. If parents can&#8217;t agree, courts will decide the best course of action based on the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/family-laws\/details-on-state-child-custody-laws.html\"><u>state&#8217;s child custody laws<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>All states, except Massachusetts, adhere to the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ojp.gov\/pdffiles1\/ojjdp\/189181.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act<\/u><\/a> (UCCJEA). This article offers a general overview of child custody laws in the state of California.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Types of Custody in California<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>In <a href=\"https:\/\/selfhelp.courts.ca.gov\/child-custody\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California,<\/a> child custody has two primary types: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/legal-custody.html\">legal custody<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/physical-custody.html\">physical custody<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Legal custody can be sole legal custody, where one parent can make significant decisions about the child&#8217;s welfare. Or joint legal custody, where both parents share decision-making responsibilities.<\/li>\r\n<li>Physical custody of the child is about where the child lives. It can be sole physical custody, where the child mostly lives with one parent. Or it can be joint physical custody, where the child lives with both parents at different times.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>These arrangements allow parents to co-parent effectively. They help ensure the priority of the best interests of the child while balancing the parents&#8217; rights and responsibilities.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Child Custody Laws in California: Chart<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Each state has its own&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/child-custody-summaries-of-state-laws.html\"><u>child custody laws<\/u><\/a>. For more articles and resources, see FindLaw&#8217;s extensive&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody.html\"><u>Child Custody<\/u><\/a> section. The following chart highlights the basics of California child custody laws.<\/p>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Code section<\/th>\r\n<td><p><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/ca\/family-code\/fam-sect-3400\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a7 3400 et seq.<\/a>&nbsp;of the California Code, Family Code<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Year Uniform Child Custody Act adopted (UCCJEA)<\/th>\r\n<td><p>2000<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Joint custody an option?<\/th>\r\n<td><p>Yes,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/ca\/family-code\/fam-sect-3080\/#:~:text=There%20is%20a%20presumption%2C%20affecting,custody%20of%20the%20minor%20child.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fam. \u00a7 3080<\/a>&nbsp;presumes a joint custody<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Grandparent visitation rights recognized?<\/th>\r\n<td><p>Yes,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/ca\/family-code\/fam-sect-3103\/?DCMP=google:pmax:K-FLPortal:17592357830::&amp;HBX_PK=&amp;sid=1015254\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fam. \u00a7\u00a7 3103<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/ca\/family-code\/fam-sect-3104\/?DCMP=google:pmax:K-FLPortal:17592357830::&amp;HBX_PK=&amp;sid=1015254\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3104<\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Child&#8217;s own wishes considered?<\/th>\r\n<td><p>Yes, <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/ca\/family-code\/fam-sect-3042\/#:~:text=(a)%20If%20a%20child%20is,or%20modifying%20custody%20or%20visitation.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fam. <u>\u00a7 3042(a)<\/u><\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\r\n<p><i>Note:&nbsp;State laws are always subject to change at any time, usually through the enactment of new statutes but sometimes through higher court decisions or other means. You may want to contact a California child custody attorney or conduct your own legal research to verify the state laws you are researching.<\/i><\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Child Custody Process in California<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>California courts must consider several&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/california-law\/primary-child-custody-factors-in-california.html\"><u>child custody factors<\/u><\/a> when deciding custody cases. The first and most important is the best interests of the child. This encompasses various elements such as the child&#8217;s age, health, emotional ties, and ties to school and community. Also, any history of domestic violence, substance abuse, or neglect within the family is critically evaluated. The court also takes into account the child&#8217;s preference, especially if the child is of sufficient age and maturity.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/california-law\/california-child-custody-procedure.html\"><u>California child custody procedure<\/u><\/a> centers mostly around creating a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/the-result-the-parenting-agreement.html\"><u>parenting plan<\/u><\/a>, which details the custody arrangement and ensures it supports the child&#8217;s well-being and mental health. If necessary, a custody evaluation may provide the court with a comprehensive understanding of the family&#8217;s dynamics. The parenting plan must align with the child&#8217;s best interests; otherwise, the court will not accept it.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Get Legal Help from an Experienced Attorney in California<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>If you and your ex are separating, you might not agree on who gets custody of the child or what the custody arrangement should look like. There are many factors to consider in a child custody case, but a family court&#8217;s primary concern will be the child&#8217;s best interests. One of the best ways to get a handle on the process is to seek legal advice from an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/custody-visitation\/california?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>experienced family law attorney<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<h2>More Resources<\/h2>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-support.html\">Child Support Laws<\/a><br>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-support\/child-support-enforcement.html\">Child Support Enforcement<\/a><br>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/working-together-to-resolve-custody.html\">How To Settle a Child Custody Agreement<\/a><br>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/legalblogs\/law-and-life\/parental-virtual-visitation-court-orders-rise\/\">Parental Virtual Visitation Orders Rise<\/a><\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n                        <path id=\"Vector\"\n                              d=\"M6 21H3C2.46957 21 1.96086 20.7893 1.58579 20.4142C1.21071 20.0391 1 19.5304 1 19V12C1 11.4696 1.21071 10.9609 1.58579 10.5858C1.96086 10.2107 2.46957 10 3 10H6M13 8V4C13 3.20435 12.6839 2.44129 12.1213 1.87868C11.5587 1.31607 10.7956 1 10 1L6 10V21H17.28C17.7623 21.0055 18.2304 20.8364 18.5979 20.524C18.9654 20.2116 19.2077 19.7769 19.28 19.3L20.66 10.3C20.7035 10.0134 20.6842 9.72068 20.6033 9.44225C20.5225 9.16382 20.3821 8.90629 20.1919 8.68751C20.0016 8.46873 19.7661 8.29393 19.5016 8.17522C19.2371 8.0565 18.9499 7.99672 18.66 8H13Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\n                              stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3418\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"><\/rect>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"No\"\n            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2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n        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class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Missing Information\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                                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   >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\">\n        <div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Custody &#038; child visitation cases are emotional, and a lawyer can seek the best outcome\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    A lawyer can help protect your children&#8217;s interests\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Lawyers can seek to secure visitation rights\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>Get tailored advice and ask a lawyer questions. Many attorneys offer free consultations.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link fl-flex\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link\">\n                <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <p class=\"find-attorney\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/custody-visitation\/#USER_GEO\/?fli=esum\" title=\"Child Custody Attorney Directory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">If you need an attorney, find one right now.<\/a><\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"email-subscription fl-mb30\">\n    <div class=\"email-subscription-header\">\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-content\">\n            <h3 class=\"fl-callout-sm fl-no-margin\">Stay Up-to-Date With How the Law Affects Your Life<\/h3>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-image fl-flex fl-items-end\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\"\n     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<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This FindLaw article offers a brief overview of child custody laws in California. 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