{"id":371955,"date":"2019-07-02T15:40:19","date_gmt":"2019-07-02T20:40:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/colorado-law\/colorado-dog-bite-laws.html"},"modified":"2024-05-07T16:18:30","modified_gmt":"2024-05-07T21:18:30","slug":"colorado-dog-bite-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/colorado-law\/colorado-dog-bite-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"Colorado Dog Bite Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Colorado Dog Bite Laws<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/kit-yona-m-a\/\">Kit Yona, M.A.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/katrina-wilson-esq\/\">Katrina Wilson, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            May 07, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>Most interactions between people and dogs are fine, even joyful. No relationship is perfect, though, and the danger of a dog attack is always present. In the United States, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.avma.org\/resources-tools\/pet-owners\/dog-bite-prevention\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">over 4.5 million victims a year suffer a dog attack<\/a>. Over 800,000 of them suffer a personal injury requiring significant medical treatment.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/co\/title-13-courts-and-court-procedure\/co-rev-st-sect-13-21-124.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Colorado\u2019s dog bite laws<\/a> are designed to lessen the risk of someone experiencing a dog attack while punishing those who don\u2019t control dangerous dogs at the same time. If you\u2019re attacked, you can make a claim against the dog owner to recover medical expenses.<\/p>\r\n<p>Understanding how Colorado\u2019s dog bite laws work lets you understand what to do in case the unthinkable happens. Read on to learn more useful, in-depth information.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Strict Liability, Negligence, and Dog Bites<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Colorado uses both <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/who-might-be-responsible-for-negligence.html\">strict liability<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/negligence-background.html\">negligence<\/a> to determine liability and damages for dog bites. While some states use the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/what-is-the-one-bite-rule.html\">one bite rule<\/a>\u201d to offer a dog owner some liability protection if their dog hasn\u2019t bitten anyone before, Colorado does not. It doesn\u2019t matter if the owner of the dog wasn\u2019t aware of the dog\u2019s viciousness.<\/p>\r\n<p>Whether strict liability or negligence is applied often depends on the severity of the physical injury. Understanding what each one means makes it easier to know which to expect.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Strict Liability<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/who-is-liable.html\">strict liability standard<\/a> means that the dog owner is liable for dog bite injuries regardless of whether the owner knew the dog would bite or not. Colorado saves the use of strict liability for bites that cause serious injuries.<\/p>\r\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/co\/title-18-criminal-code\/co-rev-st-sect-18-1-901.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">serious injury<\/a> is one that results in, or where there is a substantial risk of infirmaries that include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Death<\/li>\r\n<li>Serious permanent disfigurement<\/li>\r\n<li>Protracted loss or impairment of function<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Breaks, fractures, and second and third-degree burns are also considered serious injuries.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Negligence<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>If the injury does not meet the standard for a serious injury, you may still be able to recover under a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/colorado-law\/colorado-negligence-laws.html\">negligence standard<\/a>. You\u2019ll have to prove that the dog owner failed to take reasonable care and the necessary precautions to protect others. Non-serious injuries include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Severe bruising<\/li>\r\n<li>Muscle tears<\/li>\r\n<li>Skin lacerations<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Anything requiring the care of a physician and incurs medical expenses will likely fall under one of these two categories. If you\u2019re unsure about your situation, consider getting legal advice from a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/animal-bites-plaintiff\/colorado\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dog bite attorney<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Colorado and Dangerous Dogs<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>The state of Colorado believes that dangerous dogs, which are animals that have attacked without provocation, are a serious and widespread threat to the safety of its citizens. Colorado has drafted strict rules designed to punish dog owners who ignore their dog\u2019s dangerous propensities. In addition to the civil suits brought by dog attack victims, criminal charges are possible as well.<\/p>\r\n<p>A person who owns or has some controlling interest in a dangerous dog is responsible for the dog\u2019s transgressions and will face the following charges:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><b>If the dog inflicts a bodily injury<\/b> &#8211; Class 2 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-law-basics\/misdemeanors.html\">misdemeanor<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><b>If the dog inflicts a serious bodily injury<\/b> &#8211; Class 1 misdemeanor<\/li>\r\n<li><b>If the dog inflicts a second (or more) serious bodily injury<\/b> &#8211; Class 6 felony<\/li>\r\n<li><b>If the dog causes a death<\/b> &#8211; Class 5 felony<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Once a dog is declared dangerous, the owner is expected to keep the dog in an escape-proof enclosure on the owner\u2019s property and to be muzzled if not inside.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Procedure in a Colorado Dog Bite Case<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>If you\u2019re a dog bite victim, the first thing you should do is <a href=\"https:\/\/health.clevelandclinic.org\/if-a-dog-bites-you-do-these-7-things-now\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">seek medical assistance<\/a>. Even if the wound seems minor, err on the side of caution. A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/how-to-file-a-dog-bite-report.html\">report should be filed<\/a> within 12 hours of the attack. Doctors in Colorado are required to let the local animal control officer know of any dog bite injuries they treat.<\/p>\r\n<p>The bite must be reported in the city where the bite happened. If you\u2019re from Colorado Springs but visiting friends in Boulder when your dog nips someone, the report would be filed in Boulder. Domestic pets will be quarantined for 10 days.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Colorado Dog Bite Laws: The Basics<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>As written, legal statutes can be confusing and difficult to decipher. Below are some plain-language interpretations of Colorado&#8217;s dog bite laws.<\/p>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><p><b>Relevant Colorado Dog Statutes<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<td><p>Colorado Revised Statutes: <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/co\/title-13-courts-and-court-procedure\/co-rev-st-sect-13-21-124.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">13-21-124<\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><p><b>Strict Liability Policy<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<td><p>A dog owner can be held <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/dog-bites-and-animal-attack-overview.html#:~:text=Are%20Pet%20Owners%20Liable%20for%20Dog%20Bites%3F\">strictly liable<\/a> for a dog bite if:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><p>Serious bodily injury or death occurred; and<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li><p>The person was lawfully on public or private property<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><p><b>What Is Negligence?<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<td><p>To prove a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/colorado-law\/colorado-negligence-laws.html\">negligence claim<\/a>, the person bitten must prove:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><p>The dog owner owed a legal duty of care<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li><p>The dog owner failed to take precautions to prevent a bite<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li><p>An injury occurred<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li><p>The dog owner&#8217;s actions or inactions caused the injury, resulting in monetary damages<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><p><b>Damages<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td><p><b>Economic Damages<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p>Colorado&#8217;s dog bite statute allows for the recovery of economic damages, such as:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><p>Medical bills (past and future)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li><p>Psychological counseling<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li><p>Lost wages (past and future)<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li><p>Loss of earning power<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><b>Non-Economic Damages<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p>Recovering for non-economic damages, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/colorado-law\/pain-and-suffering-damages-in-colorado.html\">pain and suffering<\/a>, would have to be under the negligence standard.<\/p>\r\n<p><b>Comparative Fault<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p>Colorado uses a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/car-accidents\/comparative-negligence.html\">modified comparative fault rule<\/a> to determine damages under statute <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/co\/title-13-courts-and-court-procedure\/co-rev-st-sect-13-21-406.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">13-21-406<\/a>. The person bitten won&#8217;t receive 100% of the damages if they were partly responsible for the event that led up to the bite. A judge or jury determines the percentage of fault for each of the parties.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><p><b>Statute of Limitations<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<td><p>You have two years to file a lawsuit from the day of the dog bite.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\r\n<p><i><b>Note:<\/b> State laws are always subject to change through the passage of new legislation, rulings in the higher courts that include federal decisions, ballot initiatives, and other means. While we strive to provide the most current information available, please consult an attorney or conduct your own legal research to verify the state law(s) you are researching.<\/i><\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Questions About Colorado Dog Bite Laws<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>While your dog bite case won\u2019t be exactly the same as anyone else\u2019s, there\u2019s often common ground. Below are some common questions concerning dog bite issues.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Does Colorado have a leash law?<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>While dogs are required to be under control at all times, there is no state-wide leash law in place for Colorado. Local governments are permitted to have their own restrictions.<\/p>\r\n<p>For example, <a href=\"https:\/\/library.municode.com\/co\/denver\/codes\/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=TITIIREMUCO_CH8AN_ARTIIDOCA_DIV1GE_S8-16LELA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in Denver, a dog must be on a leash<\/a> unless it is in a dedicated off-leash enclosure, like a fenced-in dog run in a park.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>My dog bit someone, but it wasn\u2019t their fault! Can I defend them?<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>There are conditions that exonerate a dog from blame in a biting incident. If some or all of these apply, as the owner of the dog, you would not be responsible for damages:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>The victim was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/realestate\/land-use-laws\/trespassing-basics.html\">trespassing<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>There were \u201cNo Trespassing\u201d and \u201cBeware of Dog\u201d signs clearly posted<\/li>\r\n<li>The dog was being used by a government official, such as a police dog<\/li>\r\n<li>The victim <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/provoke.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">knowingly provoked<\/a> the dog<\/li>\r\n<li>The victim works with dogs, such as a veterinarian or a dog groomer<\/li>\r\n<li>The dog is a working dog (herding, ranch dog, predator control dog)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>In addition, Colorado is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/colorado-law\/colorado-negligence-laws.html\">modified comparative negligence state<\/a>. This means the plaintiff&#8217;s damages are reduced by their percentage of fault. If the plaintiff is found to be more negligent or equal to the combined negligence of the defendant, the plaintiff gets nothing.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>My dog sometimes nips me when we\u2019re roughhousing. Is that okay?<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>If you have any doubts about your dog\u2019s behavior, you should make an appointment with a veterinary professional and let them assess the situation. While <a href=\"https:\/\/apdt.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/ian-dunbar-dog-bite-scale.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this chart<\/a> can help give a rough idea of appropriate levels of play, there is nothing better than consulting an expert.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Related Resources<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/dog-bites-and-animal-attack-overview.html\">Dog Bites and Animal Attack Overview<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/dog-animal-bites-faq.html\">Dog \/ Animal Bites: FAQ<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/dog-bite-laws-by-state.html\">Dog Bite Laws by State<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><b>Seek Professional Legal Help With Your Colorado Dog Bite Claim<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>If you\u2019re seriously injured by a dog bite, see a medical professional before anything else. Once that\u2019s taken care of, gather and retain as much information about what happened and the damages you sustained to protect your strict liability or negligence claim. A <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/animal-bites-plaintiff\/colorado\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Colorado dog bite attorney<\/a> specializing in animal bites can help you deal with the insurance company and get the best results possible.<\/p>\r\n<p>If you\u2019re the owner of a dog who is accused of a bite attack, having a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/personal-injury-defense\/colorado\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dog bite attorney<\/a> experienced in the defense of personal injury lawsuits is a powerful ally in your fight for justice.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n      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    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>After you are bitten by a dog, you may have lots of questions about whether the dog owner is liable for injuries and damages.  Learn more about a dog owner&#8217;s liability with FindLaw&#8217;s article on Colorado dog bite laws.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41135,"featured_media":0,"parent":371911,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/ArticleWithBreadcrumbsController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":[]},"categories":[2743],"tags":[],"state_laws_tags":[3681],"flmsa":[],"class_list":["post-371955","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-state","state_laws_tags-statelaws_6_7"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/371955","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/41135"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=371955"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/371955\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/371911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=371955"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=371955"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=371955"},{"taxonomy":"state_laws_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/state_laws_tags?post=371955"},{"taxonomy":"flmsa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/flmsa?post=371955"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}