{"id":372255,"date":"2016-10-03T16:09:58","date_gmt":"2016-10-03T21:09:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/dc-law\/district-of-columbia-car-accident-compensation-laws.html"},"modified":"2025-01-03T14:59:00","modified_gmt":"2025-01-03T19:59:00","slug":"district-of-columbia-car-accident-compensation-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/dc-law\/district-of-columbia-car-accident-compensation-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"District of Columbia Car Accident Compensation Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">District of Columbia Car Accident Compensation Laws<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/susan-buckner-j-d\/\">Susan Buckner, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw Staff<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            January 03, 2025\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>Washington, D.C. has car accident laws like every other state. But, because of the district\u2019s unique position as a city and district between other states, it has some unique rules for the many non-resident drivers who work in the District of Columbia daily.<\/p>\r\n<p>As in all states, car accident victims are under the jurisdiction of the state\u2019s courts where the accident occurred. But in D.C., many people live in Virginia, Maryland, and other states. A driver not registered and insured in D.C. must have valid auto insurance equivalent to D.C. <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/dc\/division-v-local-business-affairs\/dc-code-sect-31-2403.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">insurance requirements<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>This article reviews the District of Columbia\u2019s car accident compensation laws.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>District of Columbia Car Accident Insurance Laws<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>In Washington, D.C., people involved in car accidents must stop and exchange insurance information. You and the other driver must move your cars out of the flow of traffic if it is safe to do so and check for injuries. Drivers must report auto accidents to D.C. law enforcement within five days if there are injuries or damage over $250.<\/p>\r\n<p>The police may not respond to a minor accident, but you should get the accident report or incident number. You will need the number for your insurance claim. Your insurance company may require you to report the accident within a certain period, usually 30 days.<\/p>\r\n<p>You should also see your doctor or urgent care and speak to a personal injury lawyer.<\/p>\r\n<p>D.C. requires all drivers to have <a href=\"https:\/\/dmv.dc.gov\/service\/vehicle-insurance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">minimum liability coverage<\/a>. All resident drivers must have no-fault motor vehicle insurance that includes:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>$25,000 third-party liability<\/li>\r\n<li>$10,000 property damage liability<\/li>\r\n<li>$25,000 uninsured motorist coverage (bodily injury and property damage each)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Out-of-state drivers must have valid comparable insurance. Because Washington, D.C. follows a no-fault rule, drivers must have a personal injury protection (PIP) insurance policy.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>No-Fault Insurance<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>D.C. has a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/car-accidents\/car-accidents-and-insurance.html\">no-fault insurance law<\/a>. Accident victims file claims with their own insurance companies first for any injuries or damages resulting from an accident. In most states, the at-fault driver\u2019s insurance pays for all accident claims. In Washington, D.C., you must wait until you exhaust your PIP coverage before filing a claim against the other driver\u2019s insurance.<\/p>\r\n<p>No-fault does not apply if the accident caused serious injuries such as:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Permanent impairment<\/li>\r\n<li>Permanent scarring or disfigurement<\/li>\r\n<li>Your medical expenses exceed your PIP coverage<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>The no-fault system means that car accident victims don\u2019t have to prove negligence and fault in their case. But, if they don\u2019t have good car insurance, they may be unable to recover after a serious accident.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Contributory Negligence<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>In most car accident cases, both drivers share some responsibility for the collision. For instance, one driver may have been drunk and speeding, but the other driver may not have been wearing a seatbelt. Most jurisdictions recognize this. These states follow a \u201ccomparative negligence\u201d rule that allows drivers to recover if they are partly responsible for the accident.<\/p>\r\n<p>Washington, D.C. uses a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/car-accidents\/defenses-contributory-and-comparative-negligence-in-car-accident.html\">contributory negligence<\/a> standard. Under this rule, a driver who is even one percent at fault for the accident or injury cannot recover from the other driver. Four states besides D.C. use this harsh standard:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Maryland<\/li>\r\n<li>Alabama<\/li>\r\n<li>Virginia<\/li>\r\n<li>North Carolina<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><b>Limits and Damage Caps<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>In legal terminology, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/car-accidents\/what-kinds-of-damages-may-i-claim-for-car-accident-injuries.html\">damages<\/a>\u201d are the costs of your accident. In a personal injury case, you may request <b>economic damages<\/b> and <b>non-economic damages<\/b>.<\/p>\r\n<p><b>Economic damages<\/b> are easy to calculate. They include things like:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Medical bills, including future treatment costs and rehabilitation<\/li>\r\n<li>Lost wages and income<\/li>\r\n<li>Property damage not covered by your own insurance policy<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><b>Non-economic damages<\/b> are injuries that are less easy to calculate but result from the accident. They can include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Pain and suffering<\/li>\r\n<li>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/car-accidents\/how-to-prove-loss-of-consortium-in-a-car-accident-claim.html\">Loss of consortium<\/a> (also known as loss of companionship)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>To receive <b>punitive damages<\/b>, plaintiffs must show a defendant acted intentionally or with willful disregard for safety. Courts rarely award punitive damages in personal injury cases.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Time Limits<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>The <b>statute of limitations<\/b> is the time you have to file a legal claim against the other driver. In D.C., that time is<a href=\"https:\/\/beta.code.dccouncil.us\/dc\/council\/code\/sections\/12-301.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> three years from the date of the accident<\/a>. After that date, you cannot file any legal claim on your accident.<\/p>\r\n<p>Your insurance policy may require you to wait until your insurer denies the initial claim (known as \u201cexhausting your remedies\u201d) before you can file a lawsuit. It\u2019s essential to contact a car accident lawyer at the time of the accident, even if you don\u2019t plan to sue the other driver.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Damage Caps<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>The District of Columbia does not have damage caps like many states. Large car accident claim payouts are rare since a claimant cannot recover if they have any fault in the accident.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Need Legal Advice? Contact a D.C. Car Accident Attorney<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>The combination of no-fault insurance coverage and contributory negligence means car crash victims need reliable legal advice right away. If you need to make an accident claim, contact an experienced <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/motor-vehicle-accidents-plaintiff\/district-of-columbia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">D.C. personal injury attorney<\/a> as soon as possible.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 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11.8119 19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div 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for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                        >Solved my problem<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div 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class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        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<span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\">\n        <div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    A lawyer can help seek fair compensation on your behalf\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium 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