{"id":372580,"date":"2016-03-31T21:34:54","date_gmt":"2016-04-01T02:34:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/florida-law\/florida-kidnapping-laws.html"},"modified":"2026-05-26T09:44:27","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T14:44:27","slug":"florida-kidnapping-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/florida-law\/florida-kidnapping-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"Florida Kidnapping Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Florida Kidnapping Laws<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/christie-nicholson-j-d\/\">Christie Nicholson, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/laura-temme-esq\/\">Laura Temme, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last reviewed\n        <time>\n                            May 26, 2026\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n    <div class=\"fl-callout-text article-blockquote\">\n        <p>Under <span data-term-id=\"40929106\">Florida<\/span><span data-term-id=\"40929106\"> law<\/span>, kidnapping is forcibly, secretly, or by threat confining, <span data-term-id=\"40929092\">abducting<\/span>, or imprisoning another person against their will and without <span data-term-id=\"40929104\">lawful authority<\/span>. The crime requires specific intent to hold for ransom, commit a felony, inflict harm, or interfere with government functions. Kidnapping is a <span data-term-id=\"40929100\">first-degree felony<\/span> punishable by up to 30 years in prison and fines up to $10,000.<\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<div><p>Kidnapping is one of the most serious of all <span data-term-id=\"40929151\">criminal offenses<\/span>. It&#8217;s a felony that carries severe criminal penalties. The <span data-term-id=\"40929109\">state of <\/span><span data-term-id=\"40929084\">Florida<\/span> has specific <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/criminal-laws\/kidnapping.html\">kidnapping laws<\/a> that define the offense and outline the penalties.<\/p>\n<p>In general, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/kidnapping.html\"><span data-term-id=\"40929156\">kidnapping offense<\/span><\/a> involves taking another person without their consent. While a person can be found guilty of kidnapping without taking their victim by force, the law does require that they do so without legal authority.<\/p>\n<p>This article examines and explains <span data-term-id=\"40929084\">Florida<\/span>&#8216;s kidnapping laws, including the defenses and penalties associated with this crime. It also discusses <span data-term-id=\"40929138\">related offenses<\/span>, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/false-imprisonment.html\"><span data-term-id=\"40929105\">false imprisonment<\/span><\/a>. If you&#8217;re facing <span data-term-id=\"40929114\">criminal charges<\/span> for kidnapping or any other <span data-term-id=\"40929154\">serious crime<\/span> in <span data-term-id=\"40929084\">Florida<\/span>, contact an <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/florida\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"40929132\">experienced criminal defense attorney<\/span><\/a> for help.<\/p>\n<h2>How Does <span data-term-id=\"40929106\">Florida<\/span><span data-term-id=\"40929106\"> Law<\/span> Define the <span data-term-id=\"40929118\">Crime of Kidnapping<\/span>?<\/h2>\n<p>Found in the <span data-term-id=\"40929158\">Florida<\/span><span data-term-id=\"40929158\"> Criminal Punishment Code<\/span>, the state\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/fl\/title-xlvi-crimes\/fl-st-sect-787-01.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">kidnapping statutes<\/a> define kidnapping as forcibly, secretly, or by threat confining, <span data-term-id=\"40929092\">abducting<\/span>, or imprisoning another person against their will and without <span data-term-id=\"40929104\">lawful authority<\/span>. This is done with one of the following intents:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>To hold for ransom or reward<\/li>\n<li>To use as a shield or hostage<\/li>\n<li>To commit or facilitate the <span data-term-id=\"40929128\">commission of any felony<\/span><\/li>\n<li>To inflict <span data-term-id=\"40929103\">bodily harm<\/span> upon or to terrorize the victim or another person<\/li>\n<li>To interfere with the performance of any governmental or <span data-term-id=\"40929134\">political function<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>To be guilty of this crime, the state must prove that the defendant committed the kidnapping without <span data-term-id=\"40929104\">lawful authority<\/span> and using force, the threat of force, coercion, or deception. For the state to secure a <span data-term-id=\"40929112\">kidnapping conviction<\/span>, the prosecutor doesn&#8217;t have to prove that the defendant completed the underlying <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-law-basics\/felonies.html\">felony<\/a>. It is enough that the defendant intended to do so.<\/p>\n<h3>Three-Prong Test<\/h3>\n<p>In <a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/fl-district-court-of-appeal\/1540465.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Faison v. State<\/em><\/a>, the <span data-term-id=\"40929084\">Florida<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"40929147\">Supreme Court<\/span> developed a three-prong test to determine whether the confinement of a person during the commission of another felony is sufficient to justify a <span data-term-id=\"40929112\">kidnapping conviction<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>To constitute kidnapping, the confinement of the victim must meet all of the following criteria:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It cannot be merely incidental to another crime<\/li>\n<li>It cannot be inherent in the commission of another felony<\/li>\n<li>It must be independent and distinct from the other crimes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If any of the above are not elements of the alleged offense, the prosecution will have a difficult time proving that kidnapping occurred.<\/p>\n<h3>Kidnapping Versus <span data-term-id=\"40929105\">False Imprisonment<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>There are times when the prosecutor can prove that the defendant confined the victim, but cannot prove other elements of the <span data-term-id=\"40929118\">crime of kidnapping<\/span>. In these cases, the state may charge the defendant with <span data-term-id=\"40929105\">false imprisonment<\/span> instead.<\/p>\n<p>Under the <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/fl\/title-xlvi-crimes\/fl-st-sect-787-02\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"40929090\">Florida<\/span><span data-term-id=\"40929090\"> Statutes<\/span><\/a>, a person commits <span data-term-id=\"40929105\">false imprisonment<\/span> when they restrain someone against their will without legal authority. While the law doesn\u2019t require that the defendant physically restrain the victim, the courts do require the prosecutor to prove that the defendant had the specific intent to confine the victim in some way.<\/p>\n<p>To secure a conviction of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/false-imprisonment.html\"><span data-term-id=\"40929105\">false imprisonment<\/span><\/a>, the state must demonstrate the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The defendant intended to confine the victim<\/li>\n<li>The victim was aware of the confinement or suffered harm as a result<\/li>\n<li>The victim had no reasonable means of escape<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Under <span data-term-id=\"40929106\">Florida<\/span><span data-term-id=\"40929106\"> law<\/span>, <span data-term-id=\"40929105\">false imprisonment<\/span> is a third-degree felony, carrying a penalty of up to five years in prison and fines of up to $5,000. If the defendant engages in sexual misconduct with the victim, the court may order them to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/the-sex-offender-registry-what-you-need-to-know.html\">register as a sex offender<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Aggravated Kidnapping<\/h3>\n<p>A person commits this crime when they commit a kidnapping under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-procedure\/factors-considered-in-determining-sentences.html\"><span data-term-id=\"40929126\">aggravating circumstances<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>These circumstances may include, but are not limited to, the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Using a dangerous weapon<\/li>\n<li>The victim is a <span data-term-id=\"40929144\">law enforcement<\/span> officer, a correctional officer, or another specified public employee, and the offense occurs within the scope of the victim&#8217;s official duties<\/li>\n<li>When the defendant <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/legalblogs\/law-and-life\/what-is-considered-parental-kidnapping\/\">kidnaps a child<\/a> under 13 <span data-term-id=\"40929140\">years of age<\/span> (see below)<\/li>\n<li>When a <span data-term-id=\"40929096\">domestic violence<\/span> offense is also involved<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This is not an exhaustive list.<\/p>\n<h3>Kidnapping a Child<\/h3>\n<p>A charge of kidnapping or <span data-term-id=\"40929150\">confinement of a child<\/span> under 13 is a result of another offense being committed. This can include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"40929102\">Aggravated child abuse<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"40929098\">Sexual battery<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/human-trafficking-and-slavery.html\"><span data-term-id=\"40929108\">Human trafficking<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"40929116\">Lewd<\/span> or <span data-term-id=\"40929107\">lascivious battery<\/span>, <span data-term-id=\"40929136\">lascivious exhibition<\/span>, or molestation<\/li>\n<li>Procurement of the child for prostitution<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/florida-law\/florida-child-abuse-laws.html\"><span data-term-id=\"40929149\">Exploitation of the child<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>These offenses, by their nature, require kidnapping to be committed.<\/p>\n<h2>Penalties and Sentencing for Kidnapping<\/h2>\n<p>Kidnapping is a <span data-term-id=\"40929145\">felony of the first degree<\/span> and carries a possible punishment of up to 30 years in prison and fines of up to $10,000. Aggravated kidnapping, including the <span data-term-id=\"40929092\">abduction<\/span> of a child under 13 <span data-term-id=\"40929140\">years of age<\/span>, is considered a more <span data-term-id=\"40929154\">serious crime<\/span>. <span data-term-id=\"40929106\">Florida<\/span><span data-term-id=\"40929106\"> law<\/span> classifies this crime as a &#8220;<span data-term-id=\"40929094\">life felony<\/span>.&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-procedure\/selected-state-sentencing-laws.html\"><span data-term-id=\"40929094\">Life felonies<\/span><\/a> carry a punishment of up to life in prison or a sentence consisting of at least 25 years in prison, followed by probation for the remainder of the person&#8217;s natural life. An aggravating <span data-term-id=\"40929112\">kidnapping conviction<\/span> will also result in a fine of up to $15,000.<\/p>\n<p>Offenders with prior convictions of violent crimes face even harsher penalties. The <span data-term-id=\"40929084\">Florida<\/span> Criminal Code deems these individuals to be <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/fl\/title-xlvi-crimes\/fl-st-sect-775-084\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">habitual violent felony offenders<\/a>, and the court may sentence them to life imprisonment with no eligibility for release for a minimum of 15 years.<\/p>\n<h2>Possible Defenses<\/h2>\n<p>As with any <span data-term-id=\"40929114\">criminal charge<\/span>, you are not required to mount a defense. The burden is on the prosecution to prove your guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. This doesn\u2019t mean that providing evidence on your own behalf isn\u2019t a good idea. Defenses that often arise in kidnapping cases include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Lack of force, threat, or secrecy<\/strong>: <span data-term-id=\"40929106\">Florida<\/span><span data-term-id=\"40929106\"> law<\/span> requires kidnapping to involve force, threats, or secret confinement. Your attorney may argue that the alleged victim accompanied you voluntarily and openly, without coercion or deception. If someone willingly entered your vehicle and was free to leave, the element of forcible confinement may not be met.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Absence of specific intent<\/strong>: Kidnapping requires intent to hold for ransom, commit a felony, inflict harm, or interfere with government functions. If you lacked this specific intent, the charge may not stand. Confining someone during an argument without the intent to commit another crime may not meet the burden to be kidnapping.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Confinement was incidental to another crime<\/strong>: Under <span data-term-id=\"40929084\">Florida<\/span>&#8216;s three-prong test, brief confinement that&#8217;s merely incidental to another felony doesn&#8217;t constitute kidnapping. Your attorney may argue that any restraint was minimal and inherent to another offense rather than independent kidnapping.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span data-term-id=\"40929104\">Lawful authority<\/span><\/strong>: Parents with legal custody or <span data-term-id=\"40929144\">law enforcement<\/span> acting within their authority may raise this defense. This will not work if you violate a custody order or exceed legal authority.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Consent<\/strong>: If the alleged victim voluntarily agreed to accompany you, this defeats the &#8220;against their will&#8221; element. Evidence such as text messages or witness testimony can establish consent. Consent obtained through deception or from someone who isn&#8217;t able to consent isn&#8217;t valid.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Insufficient confinement<\/strong>: Your attorney may argue the restriction on movement was too brief or minimal to constitute kidnapping under <span data-term-id=\"40929106\">Florida<\/span><span data-term-id=\"40929106\"> law<\/span>. This depends on the other details of the charge.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Other defenses might apply in your case. To learn how to build the strongest defense against a <span data-term-id=\"40929110\">kidnapping charge<\/span>, it\u2019s best to get help from a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/florida\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">local criminal defense attorney<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Accused of Kidnapping in <span data-term-id=\"40929084\">Florida<\/span>? Speak With an Attorney<\/h2>\n<p>If you&#8217;re facing <span data-term-id=\"40929110\">kidnapping charges<\/span>, consider contacting a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/florida\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"40929152\">criminal defense lawyer<\/span><\/a> for <span data-term-id=\"40929148\">legal advice<\/span>. <span data-term-id=\"40929084\">Florida<\/span> takes the <span data-term-id=\"40929118\">crime of kidnapping<\/span> seriously. If found guilty, you&#8217;ll be subject to severe criminal penalties.<\/p>\n<p>Having an experienced attorney handle your <span data-term-id=\"40929122\">criminal case<\/span> increases your chances of an acquittal or a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-procedure\/plea-bargain.html\">favorable plea bargain<\/a>. Things move quickly after your arrest, so you don&#8217;t want to wait too long to retain a <span data-term-id=\"40929084\">Florida<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"40929152\">criminal defense lawyer<\/span>.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" 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<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn about Florida&#8217;s kidnapping laws, including legal definitions, penalties, defenses, and related offenses like false imprisonment and aggravated kidnapping at FindLaw.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41135,"featured_media":0,"parent":372499,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/ArticleWithBreadcrumbsController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":["SEO Title Length","Alt Text for All Images","Category Assigned","External 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