{"id":373007,"date":"2016-04-11T01:22:15","date_gmt":"2016-04-11T06:22:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/idaho-law\/idaho-second-degree-murder.html"},"modified":"2026-02-02T13:15:27","modified_gmt":"2026-02-02T18:15:27","slug":"idaho-second-degree-murder","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/idaho-law\/idaho-second-degree-murder.html","title":{"rendered":"Idaho Second-Degree Murder"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Idaho Second-Degree Murder<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/susan-buckner-j-d\/\">Susan Buckner, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/laura-temme-esq\/\">Laura Temme, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last reviewed\n        <time>\n                            February 02, 2026\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n    <div class=\"fl-callout-text article-blockquote\">\n        <p><span data-term-id=\"39958007\">Second-degree murder<\/span> under Idaho law is the unlawful killing of a person with <span data-term-id=\"39958029\">malice aforethought<\/span>, meaning the perpetrator intended to cause death or acted with a disregard for human life. This charge applies when the murder does not meet the specific criteria for <span data-term-id=\"39958009\">first-degree murder<\/span>, which includes acts like using poison or killing a law enforcement officer. Penalties for <span data-term-id=\"39958007\">second-degree murder<\/span> range from a minimum of 10 years to life imprisonment<\/p>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><span data-term-id=\"39958012\">Idaho<\/span><span data-term-id=\"39958012\"> law<\/span> classes murder as either first- or <span data-term-id=\"39958007\">second-degree murder<\/span> depending on the nature of the crime. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/first-degree-murder-overview.html\"><span data-term-id=\"39958009\">First-degree murder<\/span><\/a> must fall into one of several enumerated categories. Otherwise, it is <span data-term-id=\"39958007\">second-degree murder<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>In this article, we\u2019ll explain how <span data-term-id=\"39958007\">second-degree murder<\/span> is charged in <span data-term-id=\"39958006\">Idaho<\/span>. We\u2019ll also outline the potential penalties and possible defenses. If you\u2019re facing criminal charges, especially a homicide charge, it\u2019s essential to get legal advice as soon as possible. A local <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/idaho?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"39958018\">criminal <\/span><span data-term-id=\"39958017\">defense<\/span><span data-term-id=\"39958017\"> attorney<\/span><\/a> can walk you through your options, negotiate with prosecutors, and protect your rights.<\/p>\n<h2><span data-term-id=\"39958006\">Idaho<\/span>\u2019s Murder Statute<\/h2>\n<p>Under <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/id\/title-18-crimes-and-punishments\/id-st-sect-18-4001.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"39958010\">Idaho<\/span><span data-term-id=\"39958010\"> Code<\/span><\/a>, murder is the <span data-term-id=\"39958013\">unlawful killing of a human being<\/span> with malice or through the intentional application of torture. The use of torture causing death is murder regardless of the killer\u2019s actual intent.<\/p>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"39958006\">Idaho<\/span>\u2019s <span data-term-id=\"39958009\">first-degree murder<\/span> statute contains six subdivisions of homicide, each with multiple types of murder therein. For example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The <span data-term-id=\"39958023\">murder of any peace officer<\/span>, <span data-term-id=\"39958011\">prosecuting attorney<\/span>, or other law enforcement agent in the course of their duties<\/li>\n<li>A murder committed by use of poison, torture, or lying in wait<\/li>\n<li>A murder committed by any person previously sentenced for first- or <span data-term-id=\"39958007\">second-degree murder<\/span> or on probation or parole for such a crime<\/li>\n<li>A murder committed by a <span data-term-id=\"39958028\">penal institution<\/span> inmate on any other person within the institution, or while escaping or attempting to escape from one<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>All other murders are <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/id\/title-18-crimes-and-punishments\/id-st-sect-18-4003\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"39958007\">second-degree murder<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"39958006\">Idaho<\/span> also has a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/felony-murder.html\">felony murder rule<\/a>. If a death occurs during the commission of a crime, the defendant can face either first- or <span data-term-id=\"39958007\">second-degree <\/span><span data-term-id=\"39958015\">murder<\/span><span data-term-id=\"39958015\"> charges<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Law enforcement files <span data-term-id=\"39958009\">first-degree <\/span><span data-term-id=\"39958015\">murder<\/span><span data-term-id=\"39958015\"> charges<\/span> when the underlying crime is:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Battery or attempted battery against a child under 12 <span data-term-id=\"39958024\">years of age<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Arson<\/li>\n<li>Rape<\/li>\n<li>Robbery<\/li>\n<li>Burglary<\/li>\n<li>Kidnapping<\/li>\n<li>Terrorism<\/li>\n<li>Use of a biological or <span data-term-id=\"39958027\">chemical weapon<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Death resulting from any other felony or <span data-term-id=\"39958030\">misdemeanor<\/span> not listed in the first-degree statute can result in <span data-term-id=\"39958007\">second-degree murder<\/span> or manslaughter charges. The charges against the defendant will depend on the details of the offense.<\/p>\n<h2>Penalties<\/h2>\n<p>In <span data-term-id=\"39958006\">Idaho<\/span>, all <span data-term-id=\"39958009\">first-degree murder<\/span> convictions receive <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/id\/title-18-crimes-and-punishments\/id-st-sect-18-4004\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"39958020\">life sentences<\/span><\/a>. <span data-term-id=\"39958006\">Idaho<\/span> allows for capital punishment (the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-procedure\/death-penalty.html\"><span data-term-id=\"39958014\">death penalty<\/span><\/a>) for <span data-term-id=\"39958009\">first-degree murder<\/span> with aggravating circumstances. In a <span data-term-id=\"39958026\">jury trial<\/span>, prosecutors must request the <span data-term-id=\"39958014\">death penalty<\/span> before the jury can impose it.<\/p>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"39958007\">Second-degree murder<\/span> is punishable by a minimum of ten years\u2019 imprisonment. The sentence can extend to life imprisonment.<\/p>\n<h2>Defenses<\/h2>\n<p>Possible defenses to <span data-term-id=\"39958007\">second-degree murder<\/span> include:<\/p>\n<h3>Self-Defense<\/h3>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"39958006\">Idaho<\/span> has an affirmative \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-law-basics\/stand-your-ground-laws.html\">stand-your-ground<\/a>\u201d law. Under <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/id\/title-19-criminal-procedure\/id-st-sect-19-202a.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this statute<\/a>, individuals may use any reasonable force, up to and including lethal force, in the defense of:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Themselves or their family<\/li>\n<li>A third party at risk of a violent crime<\/li>\n<li>Their residence or property<\/li>\n<li>Without any duty to retreat from any location where they have a lawful right to be<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In any prosecution for the use of deadly force, if the defendant makes a claim of self-defense, the burden is on the prosecution to prove the defendant acted unreasonably and the use of force was not justified. Self-defense is rarely a viable option when a <span data-term-id=\"39958025\">police officer<\/span> is involved.<\/p>\n<h3>Accident or Misfortune<\/h3>\n<p>If the defendant acted lawfully with due caution and without malicious intent, the act may be excused as an accident. A situation where the defendant operated a gun range and a victim died when a weapon misfired, despite all due precautions in the gun range, would be a case of accident or misfortune.<\/p>\n<h3>Mutual Combat<\/h3>\n<p>If the homicide occurred during a sudden personal combat after an adequate provocation, without use of a deadly weapon or any unusual advantage, the charge becomes manslaughter. A bar fight where the victim fell against a table and died would be an example of a mutual combat homicide.<\/p>\n<h2>Get Legal Advice From an <span data-term-id=\"39958006\">Idaho<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"39958018\">Criminal <\/span><span data-term-id=\"39958017\">Defense<\/span><span data-term-id=\"39958017\"> Attorney<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Homicide is one of the most serious charges you can face. If you or a loved one faces such charges, you\u2019ll need legal advice tailored to your situation. Contact an <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/idaho?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"39958006\">Idaho<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"39958018\">criminal <\/span><span data-term-id=\"39958017\">defense<\/span><span data-term-id=\"39958017\"> attorney<\/span><\/a> for a <span data-term-id=\"39958022\">consultation<\/span> about your rights before speaking to anyone else about the matter. They can explain your options, protect your constitutional rights, and negotiate with prosecutors on your behalf.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n   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12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n 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<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn about Idaho&#8217;s second-degree murder laws, including charges, potential penalties from 10 years to life, and possible defenses. 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