{"id":373039,"date":"2016-03-31T21:35:14","date_gmt":"2016-04-01T02:35:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/illinois-law\/illinois-aiding-abetting-and-accessory-laws.html"},"modified":"2025-03-28T14:23:04","modified_gmt":"2025-03-28T19:23:04","slug":"illinois-aiding-abetting-and-accessory-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/illinois-law\/illinois-aiding-abetting-and-accessory-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"Illinois Aiding, Abetting, and Accessory Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Illinois Aiding, Abetting, and Accessory Laws<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/susan-buckner-j-d\/\">Susan Buckner, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw Staff<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            March 28, 2025\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>In Illinois, as in all states, criminals face charges for committing a crime. But accessories also get charged for helping the person commit the crime. Even if you aren&#8217;t there when the criminal act is committed, Illinois law has charges for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-law-basics\/what-is-complicity-or-accomplice-liability.html\">aiding, abetting, and supporting<\/a> someone who commits a crime.<\/p>\r\n<p>The criminal offenses of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/aiding-and-abetting-accessory.html\">aiding and abetting<\/a> and accessory fall under the Parties to Crime section of the Illinois Criminal Code. A person becomes a party to a crime if they perform any act that tends to support, promote, or facilitate the commission of the crime.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Aiding, Abetting, and Accessories<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Although &quot;aiding and abetting&quot; are often used with being an &quot;accomplice,&quot; these terms have specific legal meanings. Illinois criminal law (ILCS 720<a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/il\/chapter-720-criminal-offenses\/il-st-sect-720-5-5-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> \u00a7 5\/5-2<\/a>) defines an &quot;accessory&quot; as someone legally responsible for the conduct of another when:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>They cause the other person&#8217;s conduct, and that person lacks the mental state to be responsible for their own actions<\/li>\r\n<li>There is a statute making the person accountable<\/li>\r\n<li>Before or during the commission of the offense, the person aids or agrees to help the other person in the planning or commission of a crime.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>In most states, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/archives\/jm\/criminal-resource-manual-2474-elements-aiding-and-abetting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">aiding and abetting<\/a> takes place before the criminal act. For instance, providing financial support, advice, or driving the person to the scene of the crime may be aiding and abetting. Being an accessory happens after the act, as when someone harbors a fugitive or drives a getaway car.<\/p>\r\n<p>In all cases, to file criminal charges, the prosecutor must show you were aware of the criminal intent and intended to help in the criminal design. For instance, if you knew your roommate was planning to <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/us\/title-18-crimes-and-criminal-procedure\/18-usc-sect-2113\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rob a bank<\/a> and gave them a ride to the bank, you would take part in the criminal design. You would not be liable if you had no idea what they were doing and gave them a ride just because you were heading that way.<\/p>\r\n<h3><b>Accessory vs. Conspiracy<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p>In <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/illinois-law.html\">Illinois state law<\/a>, accomplice liability differs from conspiracy in that a crime of conspiracy is complete when the parties:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Agree to the commission of an unlawful act, and<\/li>\r\n<li>One party commits any act in furtherance of the conspiracy<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>A person is not an accomplice until after the principal commits a crime (ILCS <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/il\/chapter-720-criminal-offenses\/il-st-sect-720-5-5-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">720 \u00a7 5\/5-3<\/a>). Prosecutors must prove the accomplice&#8217;s liability beyond a reasonable doubt.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Defenses To Aiding and Abetting<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>A person is not accountable for purposes of this section if:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>They were a victim of the crime<\/li>\r\n<li>The definition of the offense makes their conduct incidental<\/li>\r\n<li>Before the crime, they ended their participation in the matter and either notified law enforcement or withdrew all support and help from the matter<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><b>Penalties<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>The penalties for aiding and abetting a crime depend on the crime the principal committed (ILCS <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/il\/chapter-720-criminal-offenses\/il-st-sect-720-5-5-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">720 \u00a7 5\/5-3<\/a>). Under Illinois&#8217; accountability theory, the accessory is liable for the same crime as the principal. Aiding and abetting first-degree murder can result in a murder charge for the accessory.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Get Legal Advice From an Illinois Criminal Defense Attorney<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Aiding, abetting, and accessory laws are complex legal issues. Becoming involved in a criminal act can be easier than you realize. If you&#8217;re unsure about your involvement with another person&#8217;s actions, consult an experienced <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/illinois?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Illinois criminal defense<\/a> attorney.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 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<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An overview of Illinois state aiding and abetting, and accomplice laws, with links to the state statutes on 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