{"id":374012,"date":"2019-05-30T10:47:12","date_gmt":"2019-05-30T15:47:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/massachusetts-law\/massachusetts-product-liability-laws.html"},"modified":"2019-05-30T11:09:55","modified_gmt":"2019-05-30T16:09:55","slug":"massachusetts-product-liability-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/massachusetts-law\/massachusetts-product-liability-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"Massachusetts Product Liability Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Massachusetts Product Liability Laws<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    <p><i>Created by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw&#8217;s team<\/a> of legal writers and editors<\/i><\/p>\n\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            May 30, 2019\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>When you purchase a product, whether it&#8217;s toothpaste or a riding lawnmower, you expect it to work as advertised. If you use the product as intended and it causes a serious injury, you may be able to file a product liability claim. Since Massachusetts is a strict liability state, you don&#8217;t have to prove that the product was designed, manufactured, or marketed negligently in order to prevail. In addition, you also may be able to file a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/elements-of-a-negligence-case.html\" target=\"_blank\">negligence<\/a> lawsuit under the state&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mass.gov\/service-details\/the-massachusetts-consumer-protection-law\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Consumer Protection Act<\/a> if you can prove that the company engaged in unfair or deceptive acts.<\/p>\r\n<p>Learn more about Massachusetts&#8217; product liability laws in the following sections.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Massachusetts Product Liability Claims: Overview<\/h2>\r\n<p>The three main types of defects to support a product liability claim are:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/defects-in-manufacturing.html\" target=\"_blank\">Manufacturing Defects<\/a>;<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/defects-in-design.html\" target=\"_blank\">Design Defects<\/a>; and<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/defects-in-warnings.html\" target=\"_blank\">Failure to Warn Defects<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>You must file your claim within the three-year statute of limitations (from the date of the injury) and make sure none of the affirmative defenses to your claim, such as modifications after the sale, apply. Even if you&#8217;re not the person who bought the product, you may still have a valid claim if a product caused your injury.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Massachusetts Product Liability Laws: The Basics<\/h2>\r\n<p>If, after seeking medical attention for your injuries, you&#8217;ve determined that a defective product is to blame, you may want to file a claim. But how do you get started? We summarized the main points of Massachusetts&#8217; product liability claims below, so you won&#8217;t have to wade through the legalese.<\/p>\r\n<table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"7\" border=\"1\">\r\n<tbody><tr><td><b>Statutes<\/b><\/td>\r\n<td><p>Commonwealth of Massachusetts General Laws:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/malegislature.gov\/Laws\/GeneralLaws\/PartI\/TitleXV\/Chapter93A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chapter 93A<\/a> (<i>Massachusetts Consumer Protection Act<\/i>)<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/malegislature.gov\/Laws\/GeneralLaws\/PartI\/TitleXV\/Chapter106\/Article2\/Section2-314\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chapter 106, Section 2-314<\/a> (<i>Implied Warranty of Merchantability<\/i>)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><b>Strict Liability?<\/b><\/td>\r\n<td>Yes. The state&#8217;s <b><i>implied warranty of merchantability<\/i><\/b> law, in practice, is nearly the same as strict product liability laws in other states.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><b>Potential Parties to the Lawsuit<\/b><\/td>\r\n<td><p><b><i>Potential Plaintiffs:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Original purchaser;<\/li>\r\n<li>Purchaser&#8217;s family members;<\/li>\r\n<li>Guests of the purchaser or their family members; or<\/li>\r\n<li>Employees of the purchaser.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><b><i>Potential Defendants:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Manufacturers;<\/li>\r\n<li>Wholesalers; and<\/li>\r\n<li>Retailers.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><i><b>Note:<\/b> Any party in the chain of distribution may be held liable for a product liability claim.<\/i><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><b>Product Liability Negligence Claims<\/b><\/td>\r\n<td><p>The seller of any product in Massachusetts has a <b><i>duty to exercise reasonable care<\/i><\/b> in the design, manufacture, and sale\/marketing of the product.<\/p>\r\n<p><i><b>Note:<\/b> These claims are rare in Massachusetts. Most such claims are breach of implied warranty of merchantability claims.<\/i><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><b>Defenses to Product Liability Claims<\/b><\/td>\r\n<td><ol>\r\n<li><b><i>Sealed Container &#8211;<\/i><\/b> The seller received and sold the product in a sealed container and had no reason to suspect the product was defective.<\/li>\r\n<li><b><i>Product Alteration &#8211;<\/i><\/b> A third party (neither the manufacturer nor the seller) altered the product; this is not a defense if the alteration was pursuant to manufacturer instructions.<\/li>\r\n<li><b><i>Contributory Negligence &#8211;<\/i><\/b> The product was used contrary to instructions, the user knew it was defective but still used it, or the user failed to exercise reasonable care.<\/li>\r\n<li><b><i>No Opportunity to Warn &#8211;<\/i><\/b> In a failure to warn claim, plaintiff must prove that the seller\/manufacturer knew or should have known the risk but acted unreasonably in its failure to warn.<\/li>\r\n<li><b><i>Lack of Safer Alternative &#8211;<\/i><\/b> In an inadequate design claim, plaintiff must prove that safer, more-reasonable alternatives existed.<\/li>\r\n<li><b><i>Open and Obvious Risk &#8211;<\/i><\/b> The risk of injury was obvious but the plaintiff was careless.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><b>Time Limits for Filing Lawsuits<\/b><\/td>\r\n<td><ul>\r\n<li><b><i>3 years<\/i><\/b> from date of injury or loss for personal injury claims (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/massachusetts-law\/massachusetts-civil-statute-of-limitations-laws.html\" target=\"_blank\">Massachusetts Civil Statute of Limitations<\/a>); and<\/li>\r\n<li><b><i>12 years<\/i><\/b> from date of purchase (<a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/statute-of-repose.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statute of repose<\/a>).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><b>Breach of Warranty Claims<\/b><\/td>\r\n<td><p>Any good sold in Massachusetts is automatically protected by an implied <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/consumer\/consumer-transactions\/what-is-the-warranty-of-merchantability.html\" target=\"_blank\">warranty of merchantability<\/a>. In order to succeed in a breach of warranty of merchantability claim, the plaintiff must establish the following elements:<\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n<li>The defendant was in fact a &quot;merchant&quot; as defined by the law;<\/li>\r\n<li>The product was sold\/leased;<\/li>\r\n<li>The plaintiff&#8217;s use of the product was foreseeable (i.e., the consumer used the product as intended);<\/li>\r\n<li>The product was defective; and<\/li>\r\n<li>The defect caused injury to the plaintiff.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\r\n<p><b><i>Note:<\/i><\/b> <i>State laws are subject to change at any time, usually through the enactment of newly signed legislation but sometimes through higher court decisions and other means. Make sure you contact a North Carolina personal injury attorney or conduct your own legal research to verify the state law(s) you are researching.<\/i><\/p>\r\n<h2>Research the Law<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/ma\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Massachusetts Code<\/a> &#8211; FindLaw&#8217;s hosted version of Massachusetts General Laws and Constitution.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/massachusetts-law.html\" target=\"_blank\">Massachusetts Laws<\/a> &#8211; FindLaw&#8217;s summaries of select Massachusetts laws, including criminal, injury, employment, family, and small business laws.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Massachusetts Product Liability Laws: Related Resources<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/are-product-liability-disclaimers-effective.html\" target=\"_blank\">Are Product Liability Disclaimers Effective?<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/product-liability-law.html\" target=\"_blank\">Preparing a Product Liability Case<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/settling-products-liability-claims.html\" target=\"_blank\">Settling Products Liability Claims<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Filing a Product Liability Claim? Contact a Massachusetts Attorney<\/h2>\r\n<p>Defective products &#8212; whether there was flaw in the design, they were improperly manufactured, or there was a failure to warn about a potential hazard &#8212; can result in serious injury or even death. If you or a loved one has suffered an injury due to a defective product, you may have a valid product liability claim. Contact a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/products-liability-law\/massachusetts\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Massachusetts product liability attorney<\/a> today to learn more about your rights and legal options.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" 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19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div 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