{"id":374162,"date":"2016-03-31T21:35:40","date_gmt":"2016-04-01T02:35:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/michigan-law\/michigan-rape-laws.html"},"modified":"2024-09-20T11:52:06","modified_gmt":"2024-09-20T16:52:06","slug":"michigan-rape-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/michigan-law\/michigan-rape-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"Michigan Rape Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Michigan Rape Laws<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/samuel-strom-j-d\/\">Samuel Strom, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw Staff<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            September 20, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>In Michigan, the legal term used for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/rape.html\"><u>rape<\/u><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/sexual-assault-overview.html\"><u>sexual assault<\/u><\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.findlaw.com\/definition\/battery.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>sexual battery<\/u><\/a> is criminal sexual conduct (CSC). The state has four degrees of CSC covering a range of sexual contact and levels of force or intimidation.<\/p>\r\n<p>The following table highlights Michigan&#8217;s CSC laws. For more information, browse the links within and below the table.<\/p>\r\n<table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"7\" border=\"1\">\r\n<tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Code sections<\/th>\r\n<td><p><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/mi\/chapter-750-michigan-penal-code\/mi-comp-laws-750-520a.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Michigan Penal Code Section 750.520<\/u><\/a> et seq.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Definitions<\/th>\r\n<td><p><b>Sexual assault:<\/b> Any form of unwanted sexual contact done without consent or through the use of force, threat of force, intimidation, or coercion<\/p>\r\n<p><b>Sexual penetration: <\/b>Vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse or putting a finger or other object into another person&#8217;s anal or genital opening<\/p>\r\n<p><b>Sexual contact: <\/b>Intentional touching of the victim&#8217;s or actor&#8217;s intimate parts or the clothing covering those intimate parts for sexual arousal or gratification, done for a sexual purpose or in a sexual manner, or done in a sexual manner for revenge or to inflict humiliation or out of anger<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Degrees of CSC<\/th>\r\n<td><p><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/mi\/chapter-750-michigan-penal-code\/mi-comp-laws-750-520b\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>\u00a7 750.520b<\/b><\/a><b> <\/b>\u2014 <b>First-degree criminal sexual conduct <\/b>(felony): Engage in a sexual act involving sexual penetration (broadly defined) and any of the following:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>The victim is under 13.<\/li>\r\n<li>The victim is 13-15 years old and any of the following: (1) lives in the offender&#8217;s house; (2) is a blood-relative to the offender; (3) the offender is in a position of authority over the victim and used their authority to coerce them; (4) the offender is associated with a school in which the victim is enrolled; or (5) the offender is associated with a child care or foster home facility and uses their status to establish a relationship with the victim.<\/li>\r\n<li>One or more people aided the offender and used force or coercion to accomplish the sexual penetration, or the victim was mentally or physically incapacitated.<\/li>\r\n<li>The offender has a weapon (or leads the victim to believe they have a weapon).<\/li>\r\n<li>The offender causes personal injury to the victim and uses force or coercion to accomplish the sexual penetration.<\/li>\r\n<li>The offender causes personal injury to the victim, and the offender knows (or should know) that the victim is mentally or physically incapacitated.<\/li>\r\n<li>The offender engages in sexual penetration while committing another felony.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/mi\/chapter-750-michigan-penal-code\/mi-comp-laws-750-520c\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>\u00a7 750.520c<\/b><\/a><b> \u2014 Second-degree criminal sexual conduct<\/b> (felony): Someone is guilty of second-degree CSC if they engage in sexual contact with a person and any of the circumstances listed for first-degree CSC. Note that sexual contact involves the following:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>The intentional touching of a person&#8217;s intimate parts (or the clothing covering an intimate part), and<\/li>\r\n<li>The touching is for sexual arousal, gratification, or otherwise for a sexual purpose, or<\/li>\r\n<li>In a sexual manner for revenge, to inflict humiliation, or out of anger.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Refer to the first-degree felony CSC for the specific situations in which a person is guilty of second-degree CSC involving sexual contact. Besides those, a person is guilty of second-degree CSC if they engage in sexual contact in the following situations:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>The offender is an employee, contractor, or volunteer at the Department of Corrections, and they know the victim is under the department&#8217;s jurisdiction.<\/li>\r\n<li>The offender is an employee, contractor, or volunteer with the county or Department of Corrections, and they know the victim is a prisoner or probationer under the county or department&#8217;s jurisdictions.<\/li>\r\n<li>The offender is an employee, contractor, or volunteer with a facility where the court has detained or committed the victim.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/mi\/chapter-750-michigan-penal-code\/mi-comp-laws-750-520d\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>\u00a7 750.520d<\/b><\/a><b> \u2014<\/b> <b>Third-degree criminal sexual conduct<\/b> (felony): A person is guilty of third-degree CSC when they engage in sexual penetration of another person in any of the following circumstances:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>The victim is at least 13 but less than 16 years old<\/li>\r\n<li>The offender uses force or coercion<\/li>\r\n<li>The offender knows the victim is mentally incapable, incapacitated, or physically helpless<\/li>\r\n<li>The victim is related to the offender by blood, and the sexual penetration happens under circumstances not otherwise prohibited by law<\/li>\r\n<li>The victim is at least 16 but less than 18 years old, is a student at a school, and the offender is a teacher, employee, or otherwise associated with the school and used their status to gain access to (or establish a relationship with) the victim<\/li>\r\n<li>The victim is at least 16 but less than 26 years old, is a student at a school and gets special education services, and the offender is a teacher, employee, or otherwise associated with the school and used their status to gain access to (or establish a relationship with) the victim<\/li>\r\n<li>The victim is at least 16 years old and is a resident of a child care organization or a foster home, and the offender is an employee, contractor, or volunteer at the organization or foster home.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/mi\/chapter-750-michigan-penal-code\/mi-comp-laws-750-520e\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>\u00a7 750-520e<\/b><\/a><b> \u2014 Fourth-degree criminal sexual conduct<\/b> (misdemeanor): A person is guilty of fourth-degree CSC if they engage in sexual contact with another person and any of the following circumstances exist:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>The victim is at least 13 but less than 16 years old, and the offender is five or more years older than the victim<\/li>\r\n<li>The offender uses force or coercion to accomplish the sexual contact<\/li>\r\n<li>The offender knows (or has reason to know) that the victim is mentally incapable, incapacitated, or physically helpless<\/li>\r\n<li>The victim is related to the offender by blood, and the sexual contact happens under circumstances not otherwise prohibited by law<\/li>\r\n<li>The offender is a mental health professional, and the sexual contact happened within two years after the time in which the victim had a client relationship with the offender. The victim&#8217;s consent is not a defense.<\/li>\r\n<li>The victim is at least 16 years old but less than 18 years old, is a student at a school, and the offender is a teacher, employee, or otherwise associated with the school where the victim is enrolled, and the offender used their status to gain access to (or establish a relationship with) the victim<\/li>\r\n<li>The victim is at least 16 but less than 26 years old, is a student at a school and receives special education services, and the offender is a teacher, employee, or otherwise associated with the school and used their status to gain access to (or establish a relationship with) the victim<\/li>\r\n<li>The victim is at least 16 years old and is a resident of a child care organization or a foster home, and the offender is an employee, contractor, or volunteer at the organization or foster home<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Punishment<\/th>\r\n<td><p><b>First-degree<\/b> (felony): Life imprisonment and lifetime mandatory sex offender registration<\/p>\r\n<p><b>Second-degree<\/b> (felony): Up to 15 years of prison time and mandatory sex offender registration<\/p>\r\n<p><b>Third-degree<\/b> (felony): Up to 15 years in prison and mandatory sex offender registration<\/p>\r\n<p><b>Fourth-degree<\/b> (misdemeanor): Up to two years in prison and a fine of up to $500<\/p>\r\n<p><b>Second or subsequent conviction:<\/b> Mandatory minimum sentence of five years in prison (<a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/mi\/chapter-750-michigan-penal-code\/mi-comp-laws-750-520f\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a7 750-520f<\/a>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\r\n<p><i><b>Note:<\/b> State laws often change through the actions of legislatures. Consult a <\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/sex-crime\/michigan?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Michigan sex crimes attorney<\/i><\/a><i> or conduct your own legal research to verify the state laws you are researching.<\/i><\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Statutory Rape<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Michigan law does not explicitly define <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/statutory-rape.html\">statutory rape<\/a>. The term generally means sexual activity between:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>An adult and<\/li>\r\n<li>Someone younger than the state&#8217;s age of consent.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>In the state of Michigan, the age of consent is 16. So, anyone under 16 can&#8217;t legally take part in consensual sex.<\/p>\r\n<p>Although the state does not have a specific statute outlawing statutory rape, the laws noted in the chart above criminalize sex crimes involving minors. Consult the chart for specifics about crimes and punishment related to statutory rape.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Resources<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>For more information about Michigan&#8217;s sex crimes laws and general information about sexual abuse charges, browse the following links:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/michigan-law.html\">Michigan Law<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/michigan-law\/michigan-criminal-laws.html\">Michigan Criminal Laws<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/michigan-law\/michigan-criminal-statute-of-limitations-laws.html\">Michigan Criminal Statute of Limitations<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/rape.html\">Rape Laws<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/sexual-assault-overview.html\">Sexual Assault Overview<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/marriage\/state-by-state-marriage-age-of-consent-laws.html\">State-by-State Marriage &quot;Age of Consent&quot; Laws<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>If you or someone you know has experienced sexual assault, contact a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.michigan.gov\/msp\/-\/media\/Project\/Websites\/mcoles\/Additional-Resources\/Law-Enforcement-Agency-Directory\/LEA-Directory.pdf?rev=13113634e038493a9287d2bfbdd2c8e6&amp;hash=B49F8FA191D2D705398B2C201595ED1B\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Michigan law enforcement agency<\/a> or the <a href=\"https:\/\/rainn.org\/resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Sexual Assault Hotline<\/a> at 1-800-656-HOPE (4673).<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Charged With Rape? Contact an Attorney<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Rape is a severe criminal charge. It can result in a lengthy prison sentence and lifetime registration as a sex offender. If the state has charged you with rape or a related criminal sexual conduct charge, contact a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/sex-crime\/michigan?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Michigan sex crime attorney<\/a>. An experienced criminal defense attorney can provide legal advice and represent you throughout your criminal case. Get a head start on your case by contacting a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/michigan\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">criminal defense attorney near you<\/a> today.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" 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<\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This FindLaw article describes Michigan&#8217;s laws and criminal penalties regarding rape and sexual assault. 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