{"id":374201,"date":"2016-03-31T21:35:40","date_gmt":"2016-04-01T02:35:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/minnesota-law\/minnesota-abortion-laws.html"},"modified":"2024-06-18T15:36:26","modified_gmt":"2024-06-18T20:36:26","slug":"minnesota-abortion-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/minnesota-law\/minnesota-abortion-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"Minnesota Abortion Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Minnesota Abortion Laws<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/john-mascolo-esq\/\">John Mascolo, Esq.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw Staff<\/a>\n                | Last reviewed\n        <time>\n                            June 18, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>Abortion is legal in Minnesota.<\/p>\r\n<p>The Minnesota Supreme Court and state legislature have both acknowledged that the Minnesota Constitution provides privacy protections that include a pregnant person&#8217;s fundamental right to terminate a pregnancy.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Minnesota Abortion Law After <\/b><i>Dobbs<\/i><\/h2>\r\n<p>In 1995, the Minnesota Supreme Court recognized a right to abortion under the state constitution in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.health.state.mn.us\/people\/womeninfants\/abortion\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Doe v. Gomez<\/i><\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>In <a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/us-supreme-court\/19-1392.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Dobbs v. Jackson Women&#8217;s Health<\/i><\/a> (2022), the U.S. Supreme Court overruled <a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/us-supreme-court\/410\/113.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Roe v. Wade<\/i><\/a><i> <\/i>and ended any federal recognition of a right to abortion. The <i>Dobbs<\/i> decision returned the issue of abortion regulation and prohibition back to the states. <i>Dobbs<\/i> had no immediate impact in Minnesota as abortion rights were already protected under the state constitution under&nbsp;<i>Gomez<\/i>.&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>In 2022, a Minnesota court invalidated several state abortion restrictions as violations of the right to privacy under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/politics\/politics-news\/minnesota-judge-strikes-numerous-state-abortion-restrictions-rcna37690\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state law<\/a>. This included the parental notice statute and requirements that only physicians could perform abortions.<\/p>\r\n<p>Democratic lawmakers in Minnesota used their new majorities in the State House and State Senate to prioritize abortion rights during the 2023 legislative session.<\/p>\r\n<p>On January 31, 2023, Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz signed the Protect Reproduction Options Act into law. The PRO Act recognized a right to reproductive freedom, including a right to reproductive health care. This covered all health care related to:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Pregnancy<\/li>\r\n<li>Contraception<\/li>\r\n<li>Family planning<\/li>\r\n<li>Sterilization<\/li>\r\n<li>Maternity care<\/li>\r\n<li>Fertility services<\/li>\r\n<li>Abortion<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>The state also took steps to repeal several state abortion regulations, including a 24-hour waiting period. The state also passed laws to protect Minnesota healthcare providers who assist out-of-state patients and to prohibit cooperation with out-of-state investigations of persons who sought abortion care in Minnesota.<\/p>\r\n<p>Although the state protects an individual&#8217;s right to choose abortion, it also maintains provisions that allow healthcare providers to opt out of abortion services. Such refusal to participate cannot become the basis of any adverse action against them.<\/p>\r\n<p>The Minnesota Attorney General&#8217;s Office provides a helpful summary of recent changes in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ag.state.mn.us\/AbortionRights\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">state reproductive rights law<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Minnesota Abortion Laws at a Glance<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Key Minnesota abortion laws appear in the following table. See FindLaw&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/reproductive-rights.html\">Reproductive Rights<\/a> section (which includes a subsection on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/reproductive-rights\/abortion.html\">Abortion<\/a>) to learn more.<\/p>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><p><b>Relevant Minnesota Abortion Statutes<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<td><p><b>Minnesota Constitution<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p>Article I, Sections 2, 7, and 10<\/p>\r\n<p><b>Minnesota Statutes<\/b><\/p>\r\n<p>Chapter 145, Public Health Provisions<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.revisor.mn.gov\/statutes\/cite\/145.409\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 145.409<\/a> &#8211; Reproductive Health Rights<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li><p><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/mn\/health-ch-144-159\/mn-st-sect-145-414.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 145.414<\/a> &#8211; Abortion not mandatory<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li><p><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/mn\/health-ch-144-159\/mn-st-sect-145-42.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 145.42<\/a> &#8211; Abortions; nonliability for refusal to perform<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<li><p><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/mn\/health-ch-144-159\/mn-st-sect-145-423.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 145.423<\/a> &#8211; Recognition of infant who is born alive<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><b>Chapter 609, Criminal Code, Crimes Against a Fetus<\/b><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><p><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/mn\/crimes-expungement-victims-ch-609-624\/mn-st-sect-609-269.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 609.269<\/a> &#8211; Exception<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><p><b>When Is Abortion Legal?<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<td><p>Abortion is legal throughout all stages of pregnancy in Minnesota.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\"><p><b>Consent and Physician Licensing Requirements<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/th>\r\n<td><p>Standard medical consent provisions apply. There are no requirements for a minor to obtain the consent of a parent or guardian.<\/p>\r\n<p>Physicians and other licensed healthcare providers acting within their scope of practice may provide abortion services.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\r\n<p><i><b>Note:<\/b> State laws are constantly changing. State lawmakers may amend a law or enact a new law. Court decisions may also lead to changes in state law. Contact a <\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/health-health-care-law\/minnesota\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Minnesota healthcare attorney<\/i><\/a><i> or conduct your own legal research to verify the status of any state law(s) you are reviewing.<\/i><\/p>\r\n<h2>How Does Minnesota Compare to Other States?<\/h2>\r\n<p>With protections for reproductive health care rights in both the state constitution and state law, Minnesota abortion laws are some of the least restrictive in the U.S.<\/p>\r\n<p>Since the <i>Dobbs<\/i> decision, the majority of states have legalized abortion up to fetal viability. In several states, advocates seek to place ballot initiatives for voters to weigh in on abortion rights. In 2023, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2023\/11\/07\/1209092670\/2023-results-key-ohio-elections\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ohio voters<\/a> became the latest to protect the right to abortion up to viability in its state constitution, upending years of restrictions passed by Republicans in the Ohio General Assembly.<\/p>\r\n<p>In contrast, some 17 states have enacted near-total abortion bans. For example, in neighboring South Dakota the only legal abortion is one to preserve the life of the pregnant woman. As a result, pregnant persons in nearby states with abortion restrictions often seek out abortion providers in Minnesota.<\/p>\r\n<h2>A Note About Medication Abortion<\/h2>\r\n<p>The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the common two-drug abortion pill regimen used in the U.S. in 2000. Since that time, medication abortion has increased in use. Findings in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.guttmacher.org\/2024\/03\/medication-abortion-accounted-63-all-us-abortions-2023-increase-53-2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent study<\/a> report that over 60% of abortions today involve medication abortion.<\/p>\r\n<p>In 2022, abortion opponents filed a lawsuit seeking to block the use of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scotusblog.com\/2024\/03\/supreme-court-appears-likely-to-allow-abortion-drug-to-remain-available\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mifepristone<\/a>, one of the two drugs used in medication abortion. With conflicting rulings in the lower courts, the U.S. Supreme Court has maintained access to the drug while it decides the issue. A ruling is expected later in 2024.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Research the Law<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/minnesota-law.html\">Minnesota Law<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/minnesota\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Minnesota Legal Research<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/state-codes.html\">Official State Codes<\/a> &#8211; Links to the official online statutes (laws) in all 50 states and DC.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><b>Minnesota Abortion Laws: Related Resources<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/minnesota-law\/minnesota-medical-records-laws.html\">Minnesota Medical Record Laws<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/reproductive-rights\/what-are-reproductive-rights-.html\">What are Reproductive Rights?<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/reproductive-rights\/abortion-and-the-law-background.html\">Abortion History in the U.S.<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/reproductive-rights\/abortion-rights-faqs.html\">Abortion Rights FAQ<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Have More Questions About Abortion Laws? Talk With A Lawyer<\/h2>\r\n<p>After the <i>Dobbs<\/i> decision, many Americans continue to have questions about abortion laws where they live. Those living in states like North Dakota and Wisconsin may not have the same legal protections provided to Minnesotans.<\/p>\r\n<p>If you have concerns about abortion access where you live, consider speaking with an attorney. You can locate an experienced <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/health-health-care-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">healthcare law attorney<\/a> to get answers to your questions and advice for your unique situation.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" 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