{"id":375318,"date":"2016-03-31T21:36:07","date_gmt":"2016-04-01T02:36:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ability-fl-prod.internetbrands.com\/ability-law\/state\/new-york-law\/new-york-right-to-work-laws.html"},"modified":"2026-08-04T16:11:25","modified_gmt":"2026-08-04T21:11:25","slug":"new-york-right-to-work-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/new-york-law\/new-york-right-to-work-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"New York Right-To-Work Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">New York Right-To-Work Laws<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/christie-nicholson-j-d\/\">Christie Nicholson, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/catherine-hodder-esq\/\">Catherine Hodder, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            August 04, 2026\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <p>New York is not a <span data-term-id=\"40938134\">right-to-work state<\/span>, meaning private-sector employers may require employees to pay <span data-term-id=\"40938096\">union dues<\/span> or fees. In general, they can\u2019t require full <span data-term-id=\"40938108\">union membership<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div><p><span data-term-id=\"40938072\">Right-to-work laws<\/span> protect workers from being forced to join a union, pay <span data-term-id=\"40938096\">union dues<\/span>, or participate in union strikes. These laws prevent employers from discriminating against workers who join (or refuse to join) a labor union.<\/p>\n<p>As of 2026, there are 26 <span data-term-id=\"40938134\">right-to-work states<\/span> with laws that prohibit employers from pressuring their employees to join a union. New York is not one of these states. While employers in <span data-term-id=\"40938047\">New York City<\/span> and <span data-term-id=\"40938045\">New York State<\/span> can\u2019t outright discriminate against workers based on their union affiliation, there are no <span data-term-id=\"40938051\">state laws<\/span> prohibiting private employers from forcing a worker to pay <span data-term-id=\"40938096\">union dues<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>This article explains how <span data-term-id=\"40938072\">right-to-work laws<\/span> work and their impact on private and public employees. It also examines <span data-term-id=\"40938088\">New York\u2019s <\/span><span data-term-id=\"40938039\">labor laws<\/span> and how they address <span data-term-id=\"40938108\">union membership<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>If you believe your employer has discriminated against you based on your refusal to join a union, consider contacting a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/employment-law-employee\/new-york\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New York <span data-term-id=\"40938053\">employment law<\/span> attorney<\/a>. Having legal counsel can prove wise if an employer retaliates against you.<\/p>\n<h2>What Are \u201cRight-To-Work\u201d Laws?<\/h2>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"40938072\">Right-to-work laws<\/span> are statutes that prevent employers from forcing their workers to join a union or pay <span data-term-id=\"40938096\">union dues<\/span> as a <span data-term-id=\"40938092\">condition of employment<\/span>. They also offer <span data-term-id=\"40938055\">workers protections<\/span> beyond <span data-term-id=\"40938108\">union membership<\/span> and paying dues.<\/p>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"40938072\">Right-to-work laws<\/span> protect employees from the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Being required to join a union or pay <span data-term-id=\"40938096\">union dues<\/span> as a <span data-term-id=\"40938092\">condition of employment<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Facing workplace discrimination based on <span data-term-id=\"40938108\">union membership<\/span> or non-membership<\/li>\n<li>Being threatened or coerced to participate in strikes<\/li>\n<li>Subjection to an employment or union agreement that excludes non-members<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If a company violates a <span data-term-id=\"40938072\">right-to-work law<\/span>, they\u2019ll face possible fines, misdemeanor charges, or legal action from affected employees.<\/p>\n<h2>New York and &#8216;<span data-term-id=\"40938072\">Right-To-Work&#8217; Laws<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>New York isn\u2019t a <span data-term-id=\"40938134\">right-to-work state<\/span>. Private-sector employers and unions may be able to negotiate a union-security clause that requires employees in the bargaining unit to pay <span data-term-id=\"40938096\">union dues<\/span> or fees as a condition of keeping the job, but <span data-term-id=\"40938086\">federal law<\/span> forbids requiring full <span data-term-id=\"40938108\">union membership<\/span>. <span data-term-id=\"40938114\">New York employers<\/span> can\u2019t tell <span data-term-id=\"40938090\">job applicants<\/span> that they won\u2019t hire them unless they join a union.<\/p>\n<h2>Why Would a <span data-term-id=\"40938114\">New York Employer<\/span> Require <span data-term-id=\"40938108\">Union Membership<\/span>?<\/h2>\n<p>There have been debates in the U.S. over the unionization of workers for over 250 years. Some argue that <span data-term-id=\"40938072\">right-to-work laws<\/span> protect employees\u2019 freedom and prevent mandatory <span data-term-id=\"40938108\">union membership<\/span>. Others claim that these laws weaken unions and take away benefits workers experience as a result of <span data-term-id=\"40938132\">collective bargaining<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Regardless of which side of the debate you find yourself on, union supporters argue that unions provide a host of benefits to workers, including the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Better <span data-term-id=\"40938057\">working conditions<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"40938126\">Health insurance<\/span> for workers and their <span data-term-id=\"40938074\">family members<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Paid <span data-term-id=\"40938059\">sick leave<\/span><\/li>\n<li>A fair <span data-term-id=\"40938070\">workweek<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Flexible <span data-term-id=\"40938122\">work schedules<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Increased <span data-term-id=\"40938135\">occupational safety<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"40938139\">Union representation<\/span> and free <span data-term-id=\"40938102\">legal advice<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>New York is not a <span data-term-id=\"40938134\">right-to-work state<\/span>. If you apply for a job and they require that you pay <span data-term-id=\"40938096\">union dues<\/span> as a <span data-term-id=\"40938092\">condition of employment<\/span>, it\u2019s up to you as to whether you accept the position.<\/p>\n<h2>What\u2019s the Difference Between <span data-term-id=\"40938072\">Right-To-Work Laws<\/span> and <span data-term-id=\"40938110\">At-Will <\/span><span data-term-id=\"40938053\">Employment<\/span><span data-term-id=\"40938053\"> Laws<\/span>?<\/h2>\n<p>Even though New York is not a <span data-term-id=\"40938134\">right-to-work state<\/span>, remote work may involve you in states where it exists. It\u2019s important to understand the differences between <span data-term-id=\"40938072\">right-to-work laws<\/span> and <span data-term-id=\"40938110\">at-will <\/span><span data-term-id=\"40938053\">employment<\/span><span data-term-id=\"40938053\"> laws<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"40938072\">Right-to-work laws<\/span> focus on <span data-term-id=\"40938108\">union membership<\/span> and paying <span data-term-id=\"40938096\">union dues<\/span>. They only apply to companies that support unionization. <span data-term-id=\"40938110\">At-will <\/span><span data-term-id=\"40938053\">employment<\/span><span data-term-id=\"40938053\"> laws<\/span> focus on a company\u2019s ability to terminate someone without cause. These laws apply to all workplaces, not only those that have unions.<\/p>\n<p>The basic tenets of <span data-term-id=\"40938110\">at-will <\/span><span data-term-id=\"40938053\">employment<\/span><span data-term-id=\"40938053\"> laws<\/span> are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Employers can fire someone without notice and without cause, as long as it isn\u2019t for an illegal reason such as discrimination or retaliation<\/li>\n<li>Employees can quit a job freely and at any time without having to give proper notice<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>There are exceptions to <span data-term-id=\"40938110\">at-will employment<\/span>. An employee with a written or implied contract with their employer may be protected from termination without cause. The same is true if you work somewhere that has a <span data-term-id=\"40938132\">collective bargaining<\/span> agreement.<\/p>\n<h2><span data-term-id=\"40938108\">Union Membership<\/span> and Family Medical <span data-term-id=\"40938094\">Leave Law<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>All of <span data-term-id=\"40938045\">New York State<\/span>, including <span data-term-id=\"40938047\">New York City<\/span> (<span data-term-id=\"40938061\">NYC<\/span>) and places like <span data-term-id=\"40938112\">Westchester County<\/span>, doesn\u2019t have <span data-term-id=\"40938072\">right-to-work laws<\/span>. How does mandatory <span data-term-id=\"40938108\">union membership<\/span> impact your right to time off under the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/family-medical-leave\/family-and-medical-leave-act.html\">Family and <span data-term-id=\"40938120\">Medical Leave Act<\/span><\/a> (FMLA)?<\/p>\n<p>Under <span data-term-id=\"40938086\">federal law<\/span>, <span data-term-id=\"40938138\">eligible employees<\/span> are entitled to unpaid leave to deal with a <span data-term-id=\"40938074\">family member<\/span>\u2019s illness, pregnancy, adoption, foster care placement, or other personal or medical emergency. While this is different from paid leave available at some companies, many people count on the FMLA in times of need.<\/p>\n<p>Even if your employer requires that you join a union and pay <span data-term-id=\"40938096\">union dues<\/span>, <span data-term-id=\"40938108\">union membership<\/span> does not affect your rights under the FMLA. If your loved one is suffering from a <span data-term-id=\"40938104\">serious health condition<\/span> and your company doesn\u2019t offer <span data-term-id=\"40938076\">paid family leave<\/span>, the FMLA is your only option.<\/p>\n<p>A union cannot force someone to waive or delay their rights under <span data-term-id=\"40938086\">federal law<\/span>. Even if an employee was willing to forego the unpaid leave available under the FMLA, union representatives cannot encourage or allow them to do this. If you live in New York and your employer denies you family leave due to mandatory <span data-term-id=\"40938108\">union membership<\/span>, contact the <a href=\"https:\/\/dol.ny.gov\/contact-dol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"40938066\">New York State<\/span><span data-term-id=\"40938066\"> Department of Labor<\/span><\/a> and file a complaint.<\/p>\n<h2>Consult a <span data-term-id=\"40938088\">New York <\/span><span data-term-id=\"40938039\">Labor Law<\/span> Attorney for Help<\/h2>\n<p>If you believe your employer has pressured you to join a union or has discriminated against you based on your <span data-term-id=\"40938108\">union membership<\/span> (or lack thereof), contact a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/employment-law-employee\/new-york\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"40938088\">New York <\/span><span data-term-id=\"40938039\">labor law<\/span> attorney<\/a>. While <span data-term-id=\"40938045\">New York State<\/span> isn\u2019t a <span data-term-id=\"40938134\">right-to-work state<\/span>, that doesn\u2019t mean your employer can treat you unfairly.<\/p>\n<p>When meeting with an attorney, explain your situation and ask them what your options are. They\u2019ll review your case and let you know how best to proceed. If your employer has violated the <span data-term-id=\"40938131\">state <\/span><span data-term-id=\"40938039\">labor laws<\/span> or your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment.html\"><span data-term-id=\"40938129\">employee rights<\/span><\/a>, an attorney can ensure you take the proper steps to protect yourself and your family.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i 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<\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                    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class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                        >Solved my problem<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                 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for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Out of date\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                        >Out of date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex 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