{"id":376075,"date":"2016-03-31T21:36:30","date_gmt":"2016-04-01T02:36:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ability-fl-prod.internetbrands.com\/ability-law\/state\/pennsylvania-law\/pennsylvania-wills-laws.html"},"modified":"2026-09-01T10:06:30","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T15:06:30","slug":"pennsylvania-wills-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/pennsylvania-law\/pennsylvania-wills-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"Pennsylvania Last Will and Testament: A Complete Guide"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Pennsylvania Last Will and Testament: A Complete Guide<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/carol-clasby-j-d\/\">Carol Clasby, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/catherine-hodder-esq\/\">Catherine Hodder, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            September 01, 2026\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <p>A<span data-term-id=\"59881955\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-term-id=\"59881943\">last will and testament<\/span> is a <span data-term-id=\"59881950\">legal document<\/span> that outlines your wishes for how your property and assets should be distributed after your death. Creating a will is one of the most important steps in <span data-term-id=\"59881949\">estate planning<\/span>. It allows you to protect your family, name an <span data-term-id=\"59881948\">executor<\/span> to manage your estate, and appoint a legal <span data-term-id=\"59881957\">guardian<\/span> for any minor children.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div><p>This guide walks you through Pennsylvania&#8217;s will requirements, explains what happens if you die without one, and answers common questions to help you get started.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>What Is a Last Will and Testament and Why Is It Important?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/resources\/estate-planning\/last-will-and-testament.html\"><span data-term-id=\"59881943\">last will and testament<\/span><\/a> (or simply a &#8220;will&#8221;) is a written document where you specify who will receive your property (your &#8220;<span data-term-id=\"59881945\">beneficiaries<\/span>&#8220;) after you pass away. The person making the will is known as the \u201c<span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Having a valid will is important because it ensures your final wishes are known and legally respected. Without one, <span data-term-id=\"59881962\">state law<\/span>\u2014not you\u2014decides how your property is divided. A will allows you to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Distribute your <span data-term-id=\"59881958\">personal property<\/span>, <span data-term-id=\"59881951\">real estate<\/span>, and other assets to the <span data-term-id=\"59881960\">family members<\/span>, friends, and charities you choose.<\/li>\n<li>Nominate a trusted person or institution as an <span data-term-id=\"59881948\">executor<\/span> to handle your estate.<\/li>\n<li>Appoint a <span data-term-id=\"59881957\">guardian<\/span> to care for your minor children.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Your assets will go through <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/estate\/probate\/what-is-probate.html\">a court-supervised process called <span data-term-id=\"59881944\">probate<\/span><\/a>, where your will is validated, and your <span data-term-id=\"59881948\">executor<\/span> is approved to carry out your instructions.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>What Happens If You Die Without a Will in Pennsylvania?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>If you pass without a will (known as dying &#8220;<span data-term-id=\"59881953\">intestate<\/span>&#8220;) or if your will is not valid, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/estate\/planning-an-estate\/intestate-succession-laws-by-state.html\"><span data-term-id=\"59881962\">state law<\/span> takes over<\/a>. Instead of an <span data-term-id=\"59881948\">executor<\/span>, the court appoints an administrator. The <span data-term-id=\"59881964\">Register of Wills<\/span> grants Letters of Administration to a qualified applicant who then serves as the administrator.<\/p>\n<p>Your remaining property will go to your relatives according to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/estate\/probate\/probate-process-without-a-will.html\"><span data-term-id=\"59881968\">intestacy laws<\/span><\/a>, rather than to the named <span data-term-id=\"59881945\">beneficiaries<\/span> in a will. The Orphans&#8217; Court handles disputes and other issues that require judicial intervention.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>What Are the Requirements for a Valid Will in Pennsylvania?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/pa\/title-20-pacsa-decedents-estates-and-fiduciaries\/pa-csa-sect-20-2502\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Under <span data-term-id=\"59881966\">Pennsylvania law<\/span><\/a>, a valid will must meet the following requirements<strong>\u200b<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>It must be in writing.<\/strong> Oral wills are not valid in Pennsylvania. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/legalblogs\/law-and-life\/is-a-handwritten-will-legally-valid\/\">A handwritten (&#8220;holographic&#8221;) will<\/a> may be valid if it meets all other legal requirements, but it can be more easily challenged.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span> must be at least 18 years old and of <span data-term-id=\"59881952\">sound mind<\/span>.<\/strong> This means they understand they are creating a will and the general nature of their property.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span> must sign the will at the end.<\/strong> If the <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span> cannot sign their name, they can make a mark or have another person sign on their behalf in their presence and at their direction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Does a Pennsylvania Will Require a Witness or a Notary?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Generally, no <span data-term-id=\"59881947\">witnesses<\/span> are required if the <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span> signs the will themselves. Pennsylvania is one of the few states with this rule.<\/p>\n<p>However, <span data-term-id=\"59881947\">witnesses<\/span> are required in specific situations:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>If the <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span> signs with a mark instead of a name, two <span data-term-id=\"59881973\">competent <\/span><span data-term-id=\"59881947\">witnesses<\/span> must be present and sign the will.<\/li>\n<li>If the <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span> is unable to sign, another person may sign on the <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span>&#8216;s behalf in the <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span>&#8216;s presence and at the <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span>&#8216;s direction, and two <span data-term-id=\"59881947\">witnesses<\/span> must sign the will in the <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span>&#8216;s presence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>While not required for validity, you can make a will \u201cself-proved\u201d through the <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span>&#8216;s acknowledgment and affidavits from the <span data-term-id=\"59881947\">witnesses<\/span> before a notary or another authorized officer, using a <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/pa\/title-20-pacsa-decedents-estates-and-fiduciaries\/pa-csa-sect-20-3132-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">self-proving affidavit<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>What\u2019s Unique About Pennsylvania Will Laws?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>While wills are fairly similar across the 50 states, there are differences in each state\u2019s laws. Some unique features of Pennsylvania&#8217;s will laws include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Inheritance tax:<\/strong> Pennsylvania does not have an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/estate\/planning-an-estate\/estate-tax-laws.html\">estate tax<\/a>, but it does have an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/tax\/tax-laws-forms\/navigating-state-inheritance-taxes.html\">inheritance tax<\/a> for <span data-term-id=\"59881974\">bequests<\/span> from an estate. The tax rate depends on the <span data-term-id=\"59881945\">beneficiary<\/span>&#8216;s relationship to you. <span data-term-id=\"59881977\">Surviving spouses<\/span>, minor children, and charities pay 0%, adult children pay 4.5%, siblings pay 12%, and all others pay 15%. The state offers a 5% discount on inheritance tax paid within three months of the <span data-term-id=\"59881954\">decedent<\/span>\u2018s death.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span data-term-id=\"59881947\">Witnesses<\/span>:<\/strong> Pennsylvania generally doesn\u2019t require <span data-term-id=\"59881947\">witnesses<\/span> for a will that is signed by the <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span>. It is one of only a few states that doesn\u2019t require <span data-term-id=\"59881947\">witnesses<\/span> as part of will <span data-term-id=\"59881972\">signing requirements<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Elective share:<\/strong> The elective share is a device intended to prevent one spouse from disinheriting the other. Pennsylvania protects <span data-term-id=\"59881977\">surviving spouses<\/span> with a 33.3% elective share, which applies to the <span data-term-id=\"59881944\">probate<\/span> estate and many non-<span data-term-id=\"59881944\">probate<\/span> transfers, such as certain jointly owned property and revocable trust assets. As a result, simply moving assets outside <span data-term-id=\"59881944\">probate<\/span> may not be sufficient to defeat a <span data-term-id=\"59881977\">surviving spouse<\/span>\u2019s elective share rights.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Revocation upon final <span data-term-id=\"59881967\">divorce<\/span> decree: <\/strong>In general, Pennsylvania <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/pa\/title-20-pacsa-decedents-estates-and-fiduciaries\/pa-csa-sect-20-2507\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">revokes will provisions benefiting a former spouse<\/a> once the marriage is legally terminated by <span data-term-id=\"59881967\">divorce<\/span>. Separation alone doesn\u2019t revoke those provisions. If you die while separated but still legally married, you may unintentionally leave assets to your estranged spouse under an outdated <span data-term-id=\"59881949\">estate plan<\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>As you can see, there are many moving parts to a valid will. If you have any concerns, consider speaking with a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/estate-planning\/pennsylvania\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pennsylvania <span data-term-id=\"59881949\">estate planning<\/span> attorney<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>How Does Probate Work in Pennsylvania?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Whether you have a will or not, your <span data-term-id=\"59881944\">probate<\/span> assets must go through <span data-term-id=\"59881944\">probate<\/span>. <span data-term-id=\"59881944\">Probate<\/span> addresses assets that do not transfer automatically by <span data-term-id=\"59881945\">beneficiary<\/span> designation, joint ownership, or trust. The <span data-term-id=\"59881964\">Register of Wills<\/span> handles the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/estate\/probate.html\"><span data-term-id=\"59881944\">probate<\/span> process <\/a>in Pennsylvania.<\/p>\n<p>After determining the will is valid, the ensuing process follows this general pattern:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The <span data-term-id=\"59881964\">Register of Wills<\/span> issues <span data-term-id=\"59881969\">Letters Testamentary<\/span> to the <span data-term-id=\"59881948\">executor<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>The <span data-term-id=\"59881948\">executor<\/span> notifies <span data-term-id=\"59881945\">beneficiaries<\/span> and publishes a Notice of Estate Administration in local newspapers to alert creditors.<\/li>\n<li>The <span data-term-id=\"59881948\">executor<\/span> gathers and inventories the <span data-term-id=\"59881976\">estate assets<\/span>.<\/li>\n<li>The <span data-term-id=\"59881948\">executor<\/span> pays all of the estate\u2019s debts, including taxes, according to statutory priority.<\/li>\n<li>The <span data-term-id=\"59881948\">executor<\/span> distributes the remaining estate to your named <span data-term-id=\"59881945\">beneficiaries<\/span> in the will.<\/li>\n<li>The estate is closed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>If you don\u2019t have a will or if the will is invalid, the state of Pennsylvania fills in the gaps of the <span data-term-id=\"59881944\">probate<\/span> process.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>How to Create a Will in Pennsylvania<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Pennsylvania does not require you to use an attorney to create a will, but it doesn&#8217;t provide a form will. If you want to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/resources\/estate-planning\/last-will-and-testament\/how-to-make-a-will-in-pennsylvania-faq.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>make your own will<\/u><\/a>, you can follow the statutory requirements. Another do-it-yourself option is to use a state-specific will template from an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/resources\/estate-planning\/last-will-and-testament\/how-to-make-a-last-will-and-testament\/how-to-make-will-without-lawyer.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>online DIY <span data-term-id=\"59881949\">estate planning<\/span> service<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Creating a will is a key part of <span data-term-id=\"59881949\">estate planning<\/span>. A comprehensive <span data-term-id=\"59881949\">estate plan<\/span> also includes incapacity planning, such as an advance directive and a durable <span data-term-id=\"59881963\">power of attorney<\/span> for financial matters, which provide guidance on healthcare and financial matters. Together, these <span data-term-id=\"59881950\">legal documents<\/span> and others <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/pennsylvania-law\/pennsylvania-estate-planning-laws.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>make up your <span data-term-id=\"59881949\">estate plan<\/span><\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Can I write my own will in Pennsylvania?<\/strong><br \/>Yes, you can write your own will in Pennsylvania, as <span data-term-id=\"59881962\">state law<\/span> does not require you to hire an attorney. You can either draft the document yourself or use an online service. However, for the will to be valid, you must strictly follow all legal requirements for signing and execution. Mistakes can invalidate the will, so many people consult an attorney to ensure their wishes are legally protected.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Do you have to register a will in PA?<\/strong><br \/>No, you do not register or file a will with the state while you are alive. A will is a private document that you should store in a safe, accessible place where your <span data-term-id=\"59881948\">executor<\/span> can find it. After your death, your <span data-term-id=\"59881948\">executor<\/span> will file the original will with the <span data-term-id=\"59881964\">Register of Wills<\/span> in the county where you lived to begin the <span data-term-id=\"59881944\">probate<\/span> process.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>How much does a will cost in Pennsylvania?<\/strong><br \/>Costs vary significantly based on your approach. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/estate-planning.html\">DIY will templates<\/a> and online software can range from free to a few hundred dollars. Hiring an <span data-term-id=\"59881949\">estate planning<\/span> attorney will cost more, with fees for a simple will often ranging from $300 to over $1,000. While more expensive, an attorney provides legal advice, customizes the will to your needs, and helps prevent costly errors.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>What makes a will invalid in Pennsylvania?<\/strong><br \/>A will can be challenged and declared invalid if it fails to meet legal requirements or was created under improper circumstances. Common reasons include failure to sign the will, the <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span> being under 18 or not of &#8220;<span data-term-id=\"59881952\">sound mind<\/span>,&#8221; or evidence of <span data-term-id=\"59881961\">undue influence<\/span> (someone coercing the <span data-term-id=\"59881946\">testator<\/span>). A will can also be invalidated if it is proven to be fraudulent or a forgery.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Can a will be changed or revoked?<\/strong><br \/>Yes, you can change or revoke your will at any time as long as you are of <span data-term-id=\"59881952\">sound mind<\/span>. Minor changes can be made with an amendment called a &#8220;<span data-term-id=\"59881956\">codicil<\/span>,&#8221; which must be executed with the same legal formalities as the original will. For major changes, it is often easier and safer to create an entirely new will, which should explicitly state that it revokes all prior wills.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Work With a Pennsylvania <span data-term-id=\"59881949\">Estate Planning<\/span> Attorney<\/h2>\n<p>Wills can be tricky to create. If you have any doubts about yours, speak with a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/estate-planning\/pennsylvania\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Pennsylvania <span data-term-id=\"59881949\">estate planning<\/span> attorney<\/a>. They\u2019ll give you legal advice tailored to your specific circumstances. Working with a professional is especially helpful when:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Family dynamics are complex<\/li>\n<li>Your assets are significant<\/li>\n<li>You want to explore other tools, such as a <span data-term-id=\"59881971\">living trust<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A local <span data-term-id=\"59881949\">estate planning<\/span> attorney can help at any point in the process, whether you\u2019re just getting started or have a DIY will you\u2019d like someone to review.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                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date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    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situations usually require a lawyer\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    A lawyer can reduce the chances of a legal dispute\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/estate-planning\/living-will-form.html\">DIY is possible<\/a> in some simple cases\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    You can always have an attorney review your 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