{"id":376384,"date":"2019-03-01T15:17:40","date_gmt":"2019-03-01T20:17:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/tennessee-law\/child-custody-process-in-tennessee.html"},"modified":"2024-12-12T17:01:49","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T22:01:49","slug":"child-custody-process-in-tennessee","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/tennessee-law\/child-custody-process-in-tennessee.html","title":{"rendered":"Child Custody Process in Tennessee"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Child Custody Process in Tennessee<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/olivia-wathne-jd\/\">Olivia Wathne, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/laura-temme-esq\/\">Laura Temme, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            December 12, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>Breaking up is hard, but it&#8217;s even harder when children are involved. When a couple with a child breaks up, they must decide about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/child-custody-basics.html\"><u>child custody<\/u><\/a> and support.<\/p>\r\n<p>Unfortunately, these decisions aren&#8217;t always easy to make. That&#8217;s usually when courts can step in and decide for the parents. Even if the parents can come up with their own <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/the-result-the-parenting-agreement.html\"><u>parenting agreement<\/u><\/a>, it&#8217;s not final until it gets approved by the court.<\/p>\r\n<p>This article outlines the process of creating a child custody arrangement in Tennessee that addresses parenting time, visitation rights, and other important decisions.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Establishing Paternity in Tennessee<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/tn\/title-36-domestic-relations\/tn-code-sect-36-2-304\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tennessee law<\/a> presumes that a child born to a married couple is the child of both people in the couple. But, an unmarried father must&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/chronology-establishing-paternity.html\"><u>establish paternity<\/u><\/a> before he can have&nbsp;parental rights.<\/p>\r\n<p>Paternity gets established through a court order, which can happen because of an agreement between the unmarried parents or a petition to establish parentage.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Types of Custody<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Custody arrangements typically encompass various categories. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/types-of-child-custody.html\">Types of custody<\/a> include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><b>Sole custody<\/b> designates one parent as the custodial parent and primary caregiver. The custodial parent handles legal and physical care of the child.<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Joint custody<\/b> allows shared legal and physical custody, ensuring a balanced involvement from both parents.<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Temporary custody<\/b> may be granted during custody determinations, offering a short-term solution until a permanent arrangement is established.<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Legal custody<\/b> gives decision-making authority on the child&#8217;s upbringing.<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Physical custody<\/b> dictates the primary home of the child.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>These distinctions, shaped by parental capability and the child&#8217;s relationship with each parent, are all typically part of the final custody order.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>What Is a Primary Residential Parent?<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Tennessee child custody laws generally require the courts to choose one parent as the primary residential parent (PRP) and the other as the alternative residential parent. The PRP is the parent with whom the child spends more than 50% of their time.<\/p>\r\n<p>The PRP designation can significantly affect various essential details in a&nbsp;co-parenting&nbsp;arrangement. For example, the&nbsp;PRP&#8217;s home address would get used for school zoning.<\/p>\r\n<p>Parents who choose a 50\/50 parenting plan don&#8217;t have to choose a PRP.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>The Tennessee Child Custody Process: Chart<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>The following chart offers a brief overview of the child custody process in Tennessee and links to applicable statutes.<\/p>\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Statutes<\/th>\r\n<td><p>Tennessee Code, Title 36, Chapter 6, <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/tn\/title-36-domestic-relations\/tn-code-sect-36-6-101.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 36-6-101<\/a>, et seq. (Child Custody and Visitation)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Filing for child custody<\/th>\r\n<td><p>If the parents are married, child custody comes up in the divorce proceedings. Each parent will attend a <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/tn\/title-36-domestic-relations\/tn-code-sect-36-6-408.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mandatory parenting class<\/a>, and the parents will come up with a parenting plan. The court will review and approve the plan if it finds it <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/tn\/title-36-domestic-relations\/tn-code-sect-36-6-407.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">complies with Tennessee law<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>If the parents are not married, they must file a <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/tn\/title-36-domestic-relations\/tn-code-sect-36-2-305.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">petition to establish parentage<\/a> first. Then they file a settlement agreement on child custody and child support. If the parents can&#8217;t agree, these issues will get decided at a trial.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Parenting plans<\/th>\r\n<td><p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tncourts.gov\/programs\/parenting-plan-info\/about-parenting-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">parenting plan<\/a> is a detailed outline that defines the responsibilities of each parent. It includes parenting time, transportation, and decision-making authority.<\/p>\r\n<p>The residential schedule included in the parenting plan designates the primary residential parent and the time that the child will be in each parent&#8217;s care.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">What if parents can&#8217;t agree on a parenting plan?<\/th>\r\n<td><p>If there isn&#8217;t an agreement between a child&#8217;s parents, Tennessee family courts have the authority to award the &quot;care, custody, and control&quot; of children to both parents or either parent. In making the decision, the court will consider the <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/tn\/title-36-domestic-relations\/tn-code-sect-36-6-106.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">best interests of the child<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align: left;\">Related statutes<\/th>\r\n<td><p>Tennessee Code, Title 36:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Chapter 2, <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/tn\/title-36-domestic-relations\/tn-code-sect-36-2-301.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 36-2-301<\/a>, et seq. (Parentage)<\/li>\r\n<li>Chapter 7, <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/tn\/title-36-domestic-relations\/tn-code-sect-36-7-101.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 36-7-101<\/a>, et seq. (Uniform Deployed Parents Custody and Visitation Act)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\r\n<p><i><b>Note:<\/b> State laws are always subject to change through the passage of new legislation, rulings in the higher courts (including federal decisions), ballot initiatives, and other means. While we strive to provide the most current information available, please consult an attorney or conduct your own legal research to verify the state laws you are researching.<\/i><\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Custody Decision Factors<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>The child&#8217;s needs and best interests help decide custody disputes in Tennessee. Key considerations include:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Each parent&#8217;s ability to manage parenting responsibilities and provide for the child&#8217;s physical and emotional needs<\/li>\r\n<li>The stability of each parent&#8217;s home environment<\/li>\r\n<li>The child&#8217;s relationship with each parent<\/li>\r\n<li>Maintaining stability in the child&#8217;s life<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>The courts also look at the child&#8217;s adjustment to their current home, school, and community. And they look at any history of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/domestic-violence.html\">domestic violence<\/a>, child abuse, or substance abuse by either parent. The willingness of each parent to facilitate a healthy relationship between the child and the other parent also weighs heavily in custody decisions.<\/p>\r\n<p>The court may appoint a &quot;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/guardianship.html\">guardian ad litem<\/a>&quot; to advocate for the child&#8217;s best interests. A&nbsp;guardian ad litem&nbsp;represents the minor children involved in a custody case. They are usually licensed attorneys.<\/p>\r\n<p>Ultimately, Tennessee courts focus on the child&#8217;s well-being in custody disputes. Under Tennessee law, if the child is 12 or older the court will consider the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/deciding-who-gets-custody-faqs.html\">child&#8217;s preference<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<h2><b>Child Custody Process in Tennessee: Related Resources<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>For more information and resources related to this topic, please see the links below.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/tennessee-law\/tennessee-child-custody-laws.html\"><u>Tennessee Child Custody Laws<\/u><\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/tennessee-law\/tennessee-child-support-guidelines.html\"><u>Tennessee Child Support Guidelines<\/u><\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/tennessee-law\/tennessee-family-laws.html\"><u>Tennessee Family Laws<\/u><\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody.html\"><u>Child Custody<\/u><\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><b>Get Legal Help With the Child Custody Process in Tennessee<\/b><\/h2>\r\n<p>Often, child custody cases can get contentious between parents. For this reason, it can be helpful to resolve such issues with the help of a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/family-law\/tennessee?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">family law attorney<\/a>. If you have questions about child custody laws, speaking with a skilled <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/custody-visitation\/tennessee?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>child custody attorney<\/u><\/a> today is best.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" 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19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div 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class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--negative\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this not helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n                        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Missing Information\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Out of date\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                        >Out of date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\">\n        <div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Custody &#038; child visitation cases are emotional, and a lawyer can seek the best outcome\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    A lawyer can help protect your children&#8217;s interests\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Lawyers can seek to secure visitation rights\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>Get tailored advice and ask a lawyer questions. Many attorneys offer free consultations.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link fl-flex\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link\">\n                <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <p class=\"find-attorney\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/custody-visitation\/#USER_GEO\/?fli=esum\" title=\"Child Custody Attorney Directory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">If you need an attorney, find one right now.<\/a><\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"email-subscription fl-mb30\">\n    <div class=\"email-subscription-header\">\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-content\">\n            <h3 class=\"fl-callout-sm fl-no-margin\">Stay Up-to-Date With How the Law Affects Your Life<\/h3>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-image fl-flex fl-items-end\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\"\n     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<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>FindLaw provides a brief overview of the child custody process in 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