{"id":376968,"date":"2018-05-22T16:38:30","date_gmt":"2018-05-22T21:38:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/virginia-law\/virginia-kidnapping-laws.html"},"modified":"2018-05-22T17:52:05","modified_gmt":"2018-05-22T22:52:05","slug":"virginia-kidnapping-laws","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/virginia-law\/virginia-kidnapping-laws.html","title":{"rendered":"Virginia Kidnapping Laws"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Virginia Kidnapping Laws<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    <p><i>Created by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw&#8217;s team<\/a> of legal writers and editors<\/i><\/p>\n\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            May 22, 2018\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>In Virginia, &quot;abduction&quot; and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/kidnapping.html\" target=\"_blank\">&quot;kidnapping&quot;<\/a> are used interchangeably to refer to one of the most serious crimes in the state. The offense occurs when an individual (by force, intimidation, or deception and without justification) takes, transports, or detains another person with the intent to:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Deprive the other person of their personal liberty;<\/li>\r\n<li>Withhold or conceal them from another person, authority, or institution; or<\/li>\r\n<li>Subject them to forced labor or services.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Intimidation Definition<\/h2>\r\n<p>Under the Virginia statute, <i>intimidation<\/i> includes the following:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Destroying;<\/li>\r\n<li>Concealing;<\/li>\r\n<li>Confiscating;<\/li>\r\n<li>Withholding or threatening to withhold a passport, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/immigration\/immigration-overview\/immigration-overview.html\" target=\"_blank\">immigration<\/a> documents, or other governmental ID; or<\/li>\r\n<li>Threatening to report someone&#39;s illegal presence in the U.S.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Virginia Kidnapping Laws at a Glance<\/h2>\r\n<p>Understanding the exact components of any statute is critical: It&#39;s a task best left to a trained attorney, but a non-lawyer can obtain important information by referencing a &quot;plain English&quot; guide to the statutes. See the chart below for an overview of Virginia&#39;s kidnapping laws.<\/p>\r\n<table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"7\" border=\"1\">\r\n<tbody><tr><td><p><b>Statutes<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td><ul>\r\n<li>Va. Code Ann. <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/va\/title-18-2-crimes-and-offenses-generally\/va-code-sect-18-2-47.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">18.2-47<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>Va. Code Ann. <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/va\/title-18-2-crimes-and-offenses-generally\/va-code-sect-18-2-48.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">18.2-48<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/va\/title-18-2-crimes-and-offenses-generally\/va-code-sect-18-2-48-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">18.2-48.1<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>Va. Code Ann. <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/va\/title-18-2-crimes-and-offenses-generally\/va-code-sect-18-2-10.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">18.2-10<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><p><b>Abduction Charges<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td><p>Abduction (generally):<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Not applicable to any law-enforcement officer in performance of their duties.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Abduction with the intent to commit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/extortion.html\" target=\"_blank\">extortion<\/a> or for an immoral purpose: When an individual abducts a person under the following circumstances:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>With the intent to extort money or pecuniary benefit:<\/li>\r\n<li>With the intent to defile the person:<\/li>\r\n<li>For the purposes of prostitution and the victim is less than 16 years old;<\/li>\r\n<li>For the purposes of prostitution, regardless of victim&#39;s age; or<\/li>\r\n<li>Any minor for the purposes of manufacturing child pornography.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Threatening\/attempting\/assisting in such abduction:<\/p>\r\n<p>Anyone who threatens, attempts, or assists with an abduction with intent to extort or for an illegal purpose can be charged with this offense.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><p><b>Possible Penalties<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td><p>Under the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/legalblogs\/blotter\/2013\/03\/what-is-the-felony-murder-rule.html\" target=\"_blank\">felony-murder rule<\/a>, if a killing occurs during the kidnapping, the defendant can be charged with first degree murder (punishable by a prison term of 20 years to life).<\/p>\r\n<p>Unless stated otherwise, an abduction charge is penalized as a Class 5 felony; class 5 felonies carry a prison term of 1-10 years. With the jury or court&#39;s discretion: not more than 12 months in jail and\/or a fine up to $2,500.<\/p>\r\n<p>Abduction (generally):<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>If committed by the parent of the abducted person and punishable as contempt of court in any pending proceeding, then the offense is a Class 1 misdemeanor, in addition to contempt of court.<\/li>\r\n<li>If committed by the parent of the abducted person and punishable as contempt of court in any pending proceeding and the abducted person is removed from the state by the abducting parent, then the offense is a Class 6 felony, in addition to contempt of court.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Abduction with the intent to commit extortion or for an immoral purpose (Class 2 felony):<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>If the sentence includes a term of confinement less than life imprisonment, the judge shall impose, in addition to any active sentence, a suspended sentence of no less than 40 years.<\/li>\r\n<li>This suspended sentence is suspended for the remainder of the defendant&amp;&#39;s life subject to revocation by the court.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><p><b>Possible Defenses<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td><ul>\r\n<li>Consent<\/li>\r\n<li>Duress<\/li>\r\n<li>Mistake of fact<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\r\n<p><b><i>Note:<\/i><\/b> <i>State laws are always subject to change through the passage of new legislation, rulings in the higher courts (including federal decisions), ballot initiatives, and other means. While we strive to provide the most current information available, please consult an attorney or conduct your own legal research to verify the state law(s) you are researching.<\/i><\/p>\r\n<h2>Virginia Kidnapping Laws: Related Resources<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/virginia-law\/virginia-criminal-statute-of-limitations-laws.html\" target=\"_blank\">Virginia Criminal Statute of Limitations Laws<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/virginia-law\/virginia-criminal-laws.html\" target=\"_blank\">Virginia Criminal Laws<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/criminal\/criminal-charges\/human-trafficking-and-slavery.html\" target=\"_blank\">Human Trafficking and Slavery<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/what-remedies-are-available-if-a-parent-abducts-a-child.html\" target=\"_blank\">What Legal Remedies are Available if a Parent Abducts a Child?<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>If You&#39;re Facing Abduction Charges, Connect with an Attorney<\/h2>\r\n<p>If you&#39;re convicted of violating any of Virginia&#39;s kidnapping laws, you could face time behind bars, costly fines, or both. Connect immediately with a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/criminal-law\/virginia\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">local criminal defense attorney<\/a> who can work toward getting your case resolved in the best way possible.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" 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19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div 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<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kidnapping is one of the most serious crimes you can commit in Virginia, as in other states, and a conviction can result in up to a 1 year in prison. Learn about this and more at FindLaw&#8217;s Virginia Criminal Laws section.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41135,"featured_media":0,"parent":376885,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/ArticleWithBreadcrumbsController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":[]},"categories":[2743],"tags":[],"state_laws_tags":[3506],"flmsa":[],"class_list":["post-376968","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-state","state_laws_tags-statelaws_47_1"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/376968","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/41135"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=376968"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/376968\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/376885"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=376968"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=376968"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=376968"},{"taxonomy":"state_laws_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/state_laws_tags?post=376968"},{"taxonomy":"flmsa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/flmsa?post=376968"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}