{"id":377025,"date":"2018-11-14T17:12:20","date_gmt":"2018-11-14T22:12:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/virginia-law\/visitation-rights-in-virginia.html"},"modified":"2018-11-14T18:11:55","modified_gmt":"2018-11-14T23:11:55","slug":"visitation-rights-in-virginia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/virginia-law\/visitation-rights-in-virginia.html","title":{"rendered":"Visitation Rights in Virginia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Visitation Rights in Virginia<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    <p><i>Created by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw&#8217;s team<\/a> of legal writers and editors<\/i><\/p>\n\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            November 14, 2018\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>Child custody and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/parental-visitation-rights-faq.html\" target=\"_blank\">visitation<\/a> are typically determined as part of a divorce or legal separation, unless the parents are unmarried. Custody generally refers to where the child resides most of the time (unless it&#8217;s a split custody arrangement), whereas visitation refers to time allotted for the noncustodial parent to spend with their child. Unless there are good reasons to deny visitation (such as a history of abuse), courts typically assume the child&#8217;s best interests are met when they spend time with both parents.<\/p>\r\n<p>Visitation rights in Virginia are similar to those of other states. In addition to <i>whether<\/i> a child should have visitation time with the noncustodial parent, it will also consider the practical impact of any <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/form-to-establish-a-visitation-schedule.html\" target=\"_blank\">visitation schedule<\/a>. When working out a schedule, courts will look at the following:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>School and\/or day care schedules;<\/li>\r\n<li>Child&#8217;s extracurricular activities and medical appointments;<\/li>\r\n<li>Distance traveled for visitation;<\/li>\r\n<li>Availability of transportation and willingness of parents to share in this obligation;<\/li>\r\n<li>Each parent&#8217;s work schedule; and<\/li>\r\n<li>Recognition of, and fairness regarding, &quot;special&quot; days such as birthdays, weekends, and holidays.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Visitation Rights in Virginia: The Basics<\/h2>\r\n<p>If you&#8217;re seeking visitation with your child, you likely don&#8217;t have the time to wade through the legalese found in most statutes. The following summary of the law will help you better understand your visitation rights and procedures for establishing visitation in Virginia.<\/p>\r\n<table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"7\" border=\"1\">\r\n<tbody><tr><td><p><b>Statutes<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td><p>Virginia Code Section <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/va\/title-20-domestic-relations\/va-code-sect-20-124-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">20-124.1<\/a>, et seq. (<i>Custody and Visitation Arrangements for Minor Children<\/i>)<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><p><b>Factors Considered When Determining Visitation<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td><p>Virginia family courts consider the following <a href=\"http:\/\/www.courts.state.va.us\/courtadmin\/aoc\/djs\/programs\/drs\/mediation\/resources\/cover.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">factors<\/a> when determining visitation arrangements (all with an eye toward the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/focusing-on-the-best-interests-of-the-child.html\" target=\"_blank\">best interests of the child<\/a>):<\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n<li>Age and physical\/mental condition of the child;<\/li>\r\n<li>Age and physical\/mental condition of each parent;<\/li>\r\n<li>Relationship between each parent and each child;<\/li>\r\n<li>Needs of the child (including various relationships with siblings, peers, etc.);<\/li>\r\n<li>The role each parent plays in the child&#8217;s upbringing;<\/li>\r\n<li>The willingness\/ability of each parent to support the child&#8217;s relationship with the other parent;<\/li>\r\n<li>The willingness\/ability of each parent to maintain a close and continuing relationship with the child, and to cooperate and resolve disputes regarding matters affecting the child;<\/li>\r\n<li>Reasonable preference of the child (subject to court&#8217;s discretion);<\/li>\r\n<li>Any history of domestic violence other such abuse; and<\/li>\r\n<li>Any other factors deemed relevant by the court.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><p><b>Unmarried Fathers and Visitation<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td><p>Paternity <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/paternity\/legal-significance-of-paternity.html\" target=\"_blank\">must be established<\/a> (either through voluntary acknowledgment or a DNA test, if contested) in order to petition for visitation with the child.<\/p>\r\n<p>Those who believe they&#8217;re the father but haven&#8217;t yet established paternity may sign up with the <a href=\"https:\/\/dss.virginia.gov\/family\/ap\/vbfr.cgi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Virginia Putative Father Registry<\/a>; allowing for notification of any adoption or termination of parental rights proceedings<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><p><b>Grandparent Visitation Rights<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td><p>Virginia courts have held that the child&#8217;s parents or legal guardians &#8212; as long as they&#8217;re deemed fit &#8212; have final say over whether <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/family\/child-custody\/requirements-for-awarding-grandparent-visitation-and-custody.html\" target=\"_blank\">grandparents may visit their grandchildren<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>Grandparents denied visitation may petition the court (either on their own or through a petition filed by the noncustodial parent). However, courts will only award visitation against the parents&#8217; wishes if it&#8217;s clear that the child would suffer as a result of being denied visitation.<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\r\n<p><b><i>Note:<\/i><\/b> <i>State laws are always subject to change through the passage of new legislation, rulings in the higher courts (including federal decisions), ballot initiatives, and other means. While we strive to provide the most current information available, please consult an attorney or conduct your own legal research to verify the state law(s) you are researching.<\/i><\/p>\r\n<h2>Visitation Rights in Virginia: Related Resources<\/h2>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/virginia-law\/virginia-child-custody-laws.html\" target=\"_blank\">Virginia Child Custody Laws<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/virginia-law\/virginia-child-custody-procedure.html\" target=\"_blank\">Virginia Child Custody Procedure<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/virginia-law\/virginia-legal-requirements-for-divorce.html\" target=\"_blank\">Virginia Divorce Laws<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Get a Handle on Your Visitation Rights: Contact a Virginia Lawyer<\/h2>\r\n<p>Visitation is an important aspect of child custody, providing an opportunity for a child to bond with their noncustodial parent. But the process can seem overwhelming to those who aren&#8217;t legal professionals. An experienced <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/family-law\/virginia\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Virginia family law attorney<\/a> can help you understand and protect your visitation rights.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" 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12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-container\">\n        <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n            <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <form class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form\">\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--positive\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--understandable\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Easy to understand\"\n         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for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--solved-problem\"\n                        >Solved my problem<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"positive-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback was-this-helpful__feedback--negative\">\n                <fieldset>\n                    <legend class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Why was this not helpful?<\/legend>\n                    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message\" role=\"status\">\n                        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__choose-option-message-text\"><\/p>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Missing Information\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--missing-info\"\n                        >Missing the information I need<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Too complicated\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--complicated\"\n                        >Too complicated \/ too many steps<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Out of date\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--dated\"\n                        >Out of date<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"fl-radio-button-field fl-flex was-this-helpful__feedback-form-title\">\n                        <input\n                                id=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-input\"\n                                type=\"radio\"\n                                name=\"negative-feedback\"\n                                value=\"Other\"\n                        >\n                        <label\n                                class=\"fl-radio-button-field-label fl-text-sm was-this-helpful__radio-label\"\n                                for=\"was-this-helpful__radio-button--negative-other\"\n                        >Other<\/label>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/fieldset>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"was-this-helpful__form-buttons-container\">\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--positive at-feedback-submit fl-button secondary\"\n                    type=\"submit\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Submit<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n                <button\n                    class=\"was-this-helpful__feedback-button was-this-helpful__feedback-button--cancel fl-button primary disabled\"\n                    type=\"reset\"\n                >\n                    <span class=\"fl-button-content\">Cancel<\/span>\n                    <i\n                        class=\"fa fa-times-circle medium\"\n                        aria-hidden=\"true\"\n                    ><\/i>\n                <\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message\" role=\"status\">\n        <i class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-icon fa fa-check\"><\/i>\n        <p class=\"was-this-helpful__thank-you-message-text\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-section-sidebar\">\n        <div class=\"fl-editors-summary\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content\">\n                    <h2>Can I Solve This on My Own or Do I Need an Attorney?<\/h2>\n                <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-main\">\n            \n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"fl-list-style-none\">\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Custody &#038; child visitation cases are emotional, and a lawyer can seek the best outcome\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    A lawyer can help protect your children&#8217;s interests\n\n                <\/li>\n                            <li data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-item\">\n                    <i class=\"fa fa-check medium fl-editors-summary-content-item-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                    Lawyers can seek to secure visitation rights\n\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n                    <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-description\">\n                <p>Get tailored advice and ask a lawyer questions. Many attorneys offer free consultations.<\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link fl-flex\" data-testid=\"fl-editors-summary-content-link\">\n                <i class=\"fa fa-angle-right medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n                <p class=\"find-attorney\"><a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/custody-visitation\/#USER_GEO\/?fli=esum\" title=\"Child Custody Attorney Directory\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">If you need an attorney, find one right now.<\/a><\/p>\n\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"email-subscription fl-mb30\">\n    <div class=\"email-subscription-header\">\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-content\">\n            <h3 class=\"fl-callout-sm fl-no-margin\">Stay Up-to-Date With How the Law Affects Your Life<\/h3>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"email-subscription-header-image fl-flex fl-items-end\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\"\n     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