{"id":377171,"date":"2016-11-28T18:14:51","date_gmt":"2016-11-28T23:14:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/state\/west-virginia-law\/pain-and-suffering-damages-in-west-virginia.html"},"modified":"2018-12-11T14:49:19","modified_gmt":"2018-12-11T19:49:19","slug":"pain-and-suffering-damages-in-west-virginia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/west-virginia-law\/pain-and-suffering-damages-in-west-virginia.html","title":{"rendered":"Pain and Suffering Damages in West Virginia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Pain and Suffering Damages in West Virginia<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    <p><i>Created by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw&#8217;s team<\/a> of legal writers and editors<\/i><\/p>\n\n                | Last reviewed\n        <time>\n                            December 11, 2018\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>No matter how careful you are in the Wild and Wonderful state, sometimes accidents happen. But when an accident is keeping you from living your life to the fullest, or has changed your outlook on life, you do not need to suffer in silence. Whether you tripped over a buggy at the store or a winding country road sent another car straight into yours, take a look at the information below to find out whether you might be able to recover pain and suffering damages in West Virginia.<\/p>\r\n<p>The table and explanations below summarize the most important parts of the laws governing pain and suffering damages in West Virginia.<\/p>\r\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\">\r\n<tbody><tr><td><p><b>Statute of Limitations<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td><ul>\r\n<li>2 years for personal injury or property injury (\u00a7 55-2-12)<\/li>\r\n<li>2 years for an action against a government entity (\u00a7 29-12A-6)<\/li>\r\n<li>The longer of 2 years or the minor&#8217;s 12<sup>th<\/sup> birthday, if a minor was injured by the government (\u00a729-12A-6(b))<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><p><b>Damages Limits<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td><ul>\r\n<li>$500,000 in non-economic losses in lawsuits against the government (\u00a7 29-12A-7)<\/li>\r\n<li>$250,000 in non-economic losses in most medical malpractice lawsuits (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.legis.state.wv.us\/wvcode\/ChapterEntire.cfm?chap=55&amp;art=7b&amp;section=8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a755-7B-8(a)<\/a>)<\/li>\r\n<li>$500,000 in non-economic losses in catastrophic medical malpractice lawsuits (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.legis.state.wv.us\/wvcode\/ChapterEntire.cfm?chap=55&amp;art=7b&amp;section=8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a755-7B-8(b)<\/a>)<\/li>\r\n<li>No pain and suffering in workers&#8217; comp cases (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wvinsurance.gov\/WorkersCompensation.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WV OIC<\/a>)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><tr><td><p><b>Other Limits<\/b><\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td><ul>\r\n<li>A damage amount must not be specified in a lawsuit against the government (\u00a7 29-12A-6)<\/li>\r\n<li>50% Modified Comparative Negligence (\u00a7 55-7-13a, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.legis.state.wv.us\/wvcode\/ChapterEntire.cfm?chap=55&amp;art=7&amp;section=13c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a7 55-7-13c<\/a>)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\r\n<h2>Non-economic Losses<\/h2>\r\n<p>Pain and suffering damages are awarded to compensate you for the losses you suffered that are not monetary in nature, whether your injury stems from a car accident, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/legalblogs\/injured\/2016\/05\/suing-for-slip-and-falls-whats-your-suffering-worth.html\">slip and fall<\/a>, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/product-liability\/what-is-product-liability.html\">product defect<\/a>, or an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/dog-bites-and-animal-attack-overview.html\">animal bite<\/a>. Your monetary losses are compensated by way of an award for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/economic-recovery-for-accidents-and-injuries.html\">economic losses<\/a>. In West Virginia, pain and suffering damages are awarded in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/legalblogs\/injured\/2013\/01\/how-much-is-your-personal-injury-case-worth.html\">personal injury<\/a> cases as part of a larger category of damages called &quot;non-economic losses&quot;, which means losses including:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/legalblogs\/injured\/2014\/07\/when-can-you-sue-for-pain-and-suffering.html\">Pain<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li>Suffering<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/emotional-distress.html\">Mental anguish<\/a><\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/torts-and-personal-injuries\/wrongful-death-overview.html\">Grief<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2>Pain and Suffering Damage Caps<\/h2>\r\n<p>In most cases, if you were injured due to the wrongdoing of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/medical-malpractice\/proving-fault-in-medical-malpractice-cases.html\">medical professional<\/a>, you will only be able to recover a maximum of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.legis.state.wv.us\/wvcode\/ChapterEntire.cfm?chap=55&amp;art=7b&amp;section=8\" target=\"_blank\" adhocenable=\"false\" rel=\"noopener\">$250,000<\/a> in pain and suffering damages. The limit is increased to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.legis.state.wv.us\/wvcode\/ChapterEntire.cfm?chap=55&amp;art=7b&amp;section=8\" target=\"_blank\" adhocenable=\"false\" rel=\"noopener\">$500,000<\/a> in the unfortunate circumstance that your medical malpractice claim is based on:<\/p>\r\n<ol>\r\n<li>The result of the death of the injured party, or<\/li>\r\n<li>Permanent and substantial physical deformity, the loss of one of your limbs or the loss of a bodily organ system, or<\/li>\r\n<li>You suffered permanent physical or mental functional injury that permanently prevents you from being able to independently care for yourself and perform life-sustaining activities.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p>If you were injured by a trolley driver or other public transportation driver, you may have a claim against the state of West Virginia. In that case, your pain and suffering damages will be limited to $500,000. Also in the case of a lawsuit against the government, West Virginia has a very specific procedural requirement that you not state a specific amount.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Time Limits<\/h2>\r\n<p>West Virginia also imposes time limits\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/west-virginia-law\/west-virginia-civil-statute-of-limitations-laws.html\">statutes of limitations<\/a>\u2014on how long you can wait before filing your lawsuit. Fortunately, the time limits are easy: whether you are suing the state or anyone else, you have two years to file your lawsuit. Unless, the injured person was a minor. Then West Virginia cuts the kid a break. In that case, the minor has two years or until their twelfth birthday, whichever provides a longer period of time.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Other Limits on Recovery<\/h2>\r\n<p>If you are partially at fault for your injury, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/west-virginia-law\/west-virginia-negligence-laws.html\">West Virginia&#8217;s<\/a> 50% <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/contributory-and-comparative-negligence.html\">modified comparative negligence<\/a> rule could prevent you from recovering damages. This negligence rule allows courts to award you damages unless you are more at fault than the person(s) you sued and simply reduces your award in proportion to your percentage of fault.<\/p>\r\n<p>Keep in mind that you cannot recover pain and suffering damages from a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wvinsurance.gov\/WorkersCompensation.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">workers&#8217; compensation<\/a> claim.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Pain and Suffering Claims are Difficult to Prove: An Attorney Can Help<\/h2>\r\n<p>Whether you were hurt in a holler or in Harpers Ferry, if you&#8217;ve suffered injuries as a result of the initial injury, you may be entitled to compensation for more than just your bills. Pain and suffering claims are hard to prove, though, so you&#8217;ll want to reach to a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/personal-injury-plaintiff\/west-virginia\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">West Virginia personal injury lawyer<\/a> for help.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" 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