{"id":394322,"date":"2026-03-23T07:36:08","date_gmt":"2026-03-23T12:36:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ability-fl-prod.internetbrands.com\/ability-law\/?page_id=394322"},"modified":"2026-03-23T08:23:07","modified_gmt":"2026-03-23T13:23:07","slug":"california-wrongful-termination-claims","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/california-law\/california-wrongful-termination-claims.html","title":{"rendered":"California Wrongful Termination Claims"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">California Wrongful Termination Claims<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/carol-clasby-j-d\/\">Carol Clasby, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/laura-temme-esq\/\">Laura Temme, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            March 23, 2026\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <p>Wrongful termination occurs when a <span data-term-id=\"57084141\">California<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"57084152\">employer<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084152\"> fires<\/span> an employee for an <span data-term-id=\"57084162\">illegal reason<\/span> that violates state or <span data-term-id=\"57084121\">federal law<\/span>. Even though <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span> is an <span data-term-id=\"57084145\">at-will<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084145\"> employment<\/span> state, employers cannot terminate workers for <span data-term-id=\"57084135\">unlawful reasons<\/span> such as discrimination, retaliation, violating public policy, or breaching an <span data-term-id=\"57084113\">employment contract<\/span>. Employees who experience wrongful termination may pursue legal claims and recover damages including <span data-term-id=\"57084132\">lost wages<\/span>, <span data-term-id=\"57084136\">emotional distress<\/span>, and <span data-term-id=\"57084122\">punitive damages<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span> is an <span data-term-id=\"57084145\">at-will<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084145\"> employment<\/span> state. In general, this means an employee can quit or resign for any reason. It also means an employer can fire or terminate an employee for any lawful reason. An employer who fires someone for an <span data-term-id=\"57084135\">unlawful reason<\/span> may be liable to the employee for wrongful termination.<\/p>\n<p>With some of the strongest employee protections in the nation, <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span> workers have several legal options for wrongful termination and different types of damages available, depending on the <span data-term-id=\"57084169\">type of claim<\/span> pursued. The employer&#8217;s consequences for violating the law can be severe.<\/p>\n<p>This article explores the various <span data-term-id=\"57084159\">wrongful termination laws<\/span> in place that protect <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span> workers. If you think you may have suffered an <span data-term-id=\"57084165\">unlawful termination<\/span>, consider reaching out to a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/employment-law-employee\/california\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"57084125\">California<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"57084118\">wrongful termination<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084118\"> lawyer<\/span><\/a> for <span data-term-id=\"57084155\">legal advice<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h2>What Is Wrongful Termination?<\/h2>\n<p>No matter what it&#8217;s called\u2014getting fired, terminated, downsized, or laid off\u2014losing your job can be upsetting. Although it can be an emotional time, distinguishing between what is illegal and what feels unfair is important.<\/p>\n<p>Employers must follow federal and state <span data-term-id=\"57084159\">wrongful termination laws<\/span>. When an <span data-term-id=\"57084152\">employer fires<\/span> an employee for a reason that violates state or federal <span data-term-id=\"57084143\">labor laws<\/span>, it is known as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/losing-a-job\/wrongful-termination.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>wrongful termination<\/u><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Regardless of <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span>&#8216;s status as an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/losing-a-job\/at-will-employment-and-wrongful-termination.html\" target=\"_new\">at-will<u><span data-term-id=\"57084145\"> employment<\/span> state<\/u><\/a>\u200b, employers cannot fire employees for <span data-term-id=\"57084135\">unlawful reasons<\/span>. Those who do may face a <span data-term-id=\"57084119\">wrongful termination lawsuit<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Wrongful termination occurs when an employer terminates an employee for an<b> <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/employment-law-and-human-resources\/wrongful-termination-laws-illegal-reasons.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u><span data-term-id=\"57084162\">illegal reason<\/span><\/u><\/a>. The burden of proof for a <span data-term-id=\"57084109\">wrongful termination claim<\/span> is on the employee. In other words, the employee must show that the termination was based on an <span data-term-id=\"57084162\">illegal reason<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Wrongful termination covers things like:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Discrimination<\/li>\n<li>Retaliation<\/li>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"57084112\">Violation of public policy<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"57084116\">Breach of contract<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Other employment actions may seem unfair, but can be a legal form of termination. These include as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Getting fired without warning<\/li>\n<li>Getting fired for poor performance<\/li>\n<li>Being let go due to a personality conflict<\/li>\n<li>Being replaced by someone willing to work for less<\/li>\n<li>Other unfair treatment that isn&#8217;t illegal<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Unfair treatment may sting, but it doesn&#8217;t meet the requirements for a <span data-term-id=\"57084128\">wrongful termination case<\/span>. Sometimes there is an <span data-term-id=\"57084162\">illegal reason<\/span> behind something that may, on the surface, simply look unfair. In other words, an unfair reason for the termination may be a pretext (a false or misleading reason given to hide the real motive) for an <span data-term-id=\"57084162\">illegal reason<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>For example, being fired for poor performance may be a pretext for an <span data-term-id=\"57084162\">illegal reason<\/span>, such as discrimination. If you&#8217;re fired and replaced by someone younger who is willing to work for less money, that may be a pretext for age discrimination, which is also illegal. For this reason, documenting everything after you&#8217;re fired is essential. Having access to the details of your case will make the <span data-term-id=\"57084154\">legal process<\/span> much easier to navigate.<\/p>\n<h2><span data-term-id=\"57084135\">Unlawful Reasons<\/span> for Termination in <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"57084145\">At-will<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084145\"> employment<\/span> means an employer can fire an employee for any lawful reason. An <span data-term-id=\"57084135\">unlawful reason<\/span> for termination is an exception to the <span data-term-id=\"57084145\">at-will<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084145\"> employment<\/span> rule. An employee who can show an <span data-term-id=\"57084135\">unlawful reason<\/span> for their termination may have grounds for a <span data-term-id=\"57084109\">wrongful termination claim<\/span> against the employer. Let\u2019s take a look at some of the more common types you may encounter.<\/p>\n<h3>Discrimination<\/h3>\n<p>Employers <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/employment-discrimination.html\"><u>may not discriminate<\/u><\/a>\u200b against their employees. <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span>&#8216;s primary anti-discrimination law is the <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/ca\/government-code\/gov-sect-12940\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u><span data-term-id=\"57084114\">Fair Employment and Housing Act<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u200b (<span data-term-id=\"57084120\">FEHA<\/span>).<\/p>\n<p>Under <span data-term-id=\"57084120\">FEHA<\/span>, an employee pursuing a <span data-term-id=\"57084109\">wrongful termination claim<\/span> must show that the termination was motivated by a <span data-term-id=\"57084126\">protected characteristic<\/span>. The <span data-term-id=\"57084126\">protected characteristics<\/span> under <span data-term-id=\"57084120\">FEHA<\/span> are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Race, color, <span data-term-id=\"57084129\">national origin<\/span>, ancestry<\/li>\n<li>Religion or religious creed<\/li>\n<li>Age (40 and older)<\/li>\n<li>Sex, gender, <span data-term-id=\"57084157\">gender identity<\/span>, gender expression<\/li>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"57084115\">Sexual orientation<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Disability (physical, mental)<\/li>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"57084167\">Medical condition<\/span> (for example, cancer, genetic characteristics)<\/li>\n<li>Marital status<\/li>\n<li>Military or veteran status<\/li>\n<li>Pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding<\/li>\n<li>Status as a victim of domestic violence, assault, or stalking<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span>&#8216;s law is similar to the federal anti-discrimination law, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/employment-discrimination\/title-vii-of-the-civil-rights-act-of-1964-equal-employment.html\"><u>Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964: Equal Employment Opportunity<\/u><\/a>, but <span data-term-id=\"57084120\">FEHA<\/span>&#8216;s coverage is broader. <span data-term-id=\"57084120\">FEHA<\/span> applies to employers with five or more employees, recognizes more <span data-term-id=\"57084126\">protected characteristics<\/span>, and includes perceived characteristics.<\/p>\n<h3>Retaliation<\/h3>\n<p>Several state and <span data-term-id=\"57084121\">federal laws<\/span> that protect employees also prohibit employers from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/losing-a-job\/retaliation-and-wrongful-termination.html\" target=\"_new\"><u>employers from retaliating<\/u><\/a>\u200b against them. Some of the key state statutes prohibiting retaliation include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/ca\/labor-code\/lab-sect-1102-5\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u><span data-term-id=\"57084151\">California<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084151\"> Labor Code<\/span> \u00a7 1102.5<\/u><\/a>\u200b (the primary <span data-term-id=\"57084110\">whistleblower<\/span> protection statute)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/ca\/government-code\/gov-sect-12940\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u><span data-term-id=\"57084114\">Fair Employment and Housing Act<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u200b (<span data-term-id=\"57084120\">FEHA<\/span>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/family-medical-leave\/california-paid-family-leave-law.html\"><u><span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span> Family Rights Act<\/u><\/a>\u200b (<span data-term-id=\"57084163\">CFRA<\/span>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/ca\/labor-code\/lab-sect-98-6\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u><span data-term-id=\"57084151\">California<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084151\"> Labor Code<\/span> \u00a7 98.6<\/u><\/a>\u200b (filing a wage claim)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/ca\/labor-code\/lab-sect-6310\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u><span data-term-id=\"57084151\">California<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084151\"> Labor Code<\/span> \u00a7 6310<\/u><\/a>\u200b (reporting unsafe <span data-term-id=\"57084142\">working conditions<\/span>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Some of the key federal statutes prohibiting retaliation include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/wages-and-benefits\/fair-labor-standards-act.html\"><u>Fair Labor Standards Act<\/u><\/a>\u200b (FLSA)<\/li>\n<li>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/family-medical-leave\/family-and-medical-leave-act.html\"><u>Family and <span data-term-id=\"57084160\">Medical Leave Act<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u200b (<span data-term-id=\"57084144\">FMLA<\/span>)<\/li>\n<li>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/civilrights\/discrimination\/the-americans-with-disabilities-act-overview.html\"><u>Americans with Disabilities Act<\/u><\/a>\u200b (ADA)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/employment-discrimination\/title-vii-of-the-civil-rights-act-of-1964-equal-employment.html\"><u>Title VII of the Civil Rights Act<\/u><\/a>\u200b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>An employee pursuing a retaliation claim must show the following elements:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The employee was engaged in a <span data-term-id=\"57084170\">protected activity<\/span><\/li>\n<li>The employer took an adverse action (in this context, terminated the employee)<\/li>\n<li>There is a causal connection between the two<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-term-id=\"57084170\">Protected activities<\/span> include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Filing a discrimination complaint with either with the <span data-term-id=\"57084127\">California<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084127\"> Civil Rights Department<\/span> (<span data-term-id=\"57084133\">CRD<\/span>) or the federal <span data-term-id=\"57084150\">Equal Employment Opportunity Commission<\/span> (<span data-term-id=\"57084131\">EEOC<\/span>)<\/li>\n<li>Filing a wage claim or labor complaint<\/li>\n<li>Reporting <span data-term-id=\"57084166\">workplace safety<\/span> violations<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/state\/california-law\/california-whistleblower-laws.html\"><u><span data-term-id=\"57084110\">Whistleblowing<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u200b (reporting illegal activity)<\/li>\n<li>Filing a <span data-term-id=\"57084134\">workers&#8217; compensation<\/span> claim<\/li>\n<li>Taking protected leave<\/li>\n<li>Requesting reasonable accommodations<\/li>\n<li>Reporting <span data-term-id=\"57084148\">sexual harassment<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Refusing to participate in illegal activity<\/li>\n<li>Cooperating with workplace investigations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The employee can show proof of the three elements of a retaliation claim, but the employer may counter by providing a non-retaliatory reason for the termination. If this occurs, the employee must show that the employer&#8217;s stated reason for the termination was a pretext for an <span data-term-id=\"57084162\">illegal reason<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h3>Public Policy Violations<\/h3>\n<p>The <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span> Supreme Court first recognized the public policy exception to <span data-term-id=\"57084145\">at-will<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084145\"> employment<\/span> in 1980 in <a href=\"https:\/\/caselaw.findlaw.com\/court\/ca-supreme-court\/1834141.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Tameny v. Atlantic Richfield Co.<\/em><\/a> A &#8220;Tameny claim&#8221;\u200b is a common-law tort claim that allows an employee to sue for wrongful termination when the firing violates public policy. The public policy must be clearly established in the <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span> Constitution, statutes, or regulations.<\/p>\n<p>Examples of potential Tameny claims include getting fired for:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Serving on a jury<\/li>\n<li>Taking time off to vote<\/li>\n<li>Refusing to violate the law<\/li>\n<li>Exercising a <span data-term-id=\"57084164\">legal right<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Performing a legal obligation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A Tameny claim may be paired with other statutory <span data-term-id=\"57084109\">wrongful termination claims<\/span> if the statute does not provide the exclusive remedy. For example, <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/ca\/labor-code\/lab-sect-132a\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"57084117\">California<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084117\"> law<\/span><\/a> provides the exclusive remedy for a <span data-term-id=\"57084134\">workers&#8217; compensation<\/span> retaliation claim. Unless the employee has an additional statutory <span data-term-id=\"57084109\">wrongful termination claim<\/span>, an employee generally cannot file both a <span data-term-id=\"57084134\">workers&#8217; compensation<\/span> retaliation claim and a Tameny claim.<\/p>\n<h3><span data-term-id=\"57084116\">Breach of Contract<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Your employer can&#8217;t <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/legalblogs\/small-business\/breach-of-employment-contract-what-remedies-may-be-possible\/\" target=\"_new\"><u>violate an agreement<\/u><\/a>\u200b they made about your job security or a progressive discipline plan. If your employer promised job security or specific termination protections, they may be required to uphold their agreement.<\/p>\n<p>Agreements\/contracts come in many forms. These can include:<\/p>\n<p><strong><span data-term-id=\"57084140\">Written contracts<\/span><\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Employment agreement specifying term or conditions for termination<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Just cause&#8221; requirements, often found in collective bargaining agreements<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span data-term-id=\"57084156\">Implied contracts<\/span><\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Employee handbook language suggesting job security<\/li>\n<li>Oral promises about employment duration<\/li>\n<li>Employer&#8217;s pattern of conduct (for example, always following a progressive discipline plan)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Although an <span data-term-id=\"57084156\">implied contract<\/span> is more difficult to prove than a <span data-term-id=\"57084140\">written contract<\/span>, <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span> recognizes such\u00a0claims more readily than many other\u00a0states. If a contract was in place (written or implied), the employer must act in good faith. The implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing means, for example, that your employer can&#8217;t fire you to avoid paying earned benefits or to prevent the vesting of your pension or stock options.<\/p>\n<h2>Other Types of Terminations<\/h2>\n<p>Sometimes, a wrongful discharge isn&#8217;t obvious. An employer action may not look like a termination but legally functions as one. If you feel forced to quit your job or you get laid off by your employer, the circumstances may warrant investigation. If the employer terminated your employment for an <span data-term-id=\"57084135\">unlawful reason<\/span>, you may have a <span data-term-id=\"57084109\">wrongful termination claim<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s take a look at some of the different types of illegal terminations.<\/p>\n<h3>Constructive Discharge<\/h3>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/losing-a-job\/constructive-dismissal-and-wrongful-termination.html\"><u>constructive discharge<\/u><\/a>\u200b occurs when an employer makes <span data-term-id=\"57084142\">working conditions<\/span> so intolerable that an employee has no choice but to quit. Examples of constructive discharge include public humiliation, a severe and sudden pay cut, dangerous <span data-term-id=\"57084142\">working conditions<\/span>, and severe harassment.<\/p>\n<p>Under <span data-term-id=\"57084117\">California<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084117\"> law<\/span>, an employee&#8217;s resignation may be treated as a termination if an employee can prove both that:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A reasonable person would feel forced to quit under the circumstances<\/li>\n<li>The employer created or allowed the circumstances<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If you\u2019re not sure if this applies to you, consider speaking with an <span data-term-id=\"57084124\">employment lawyer<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h3>Targeted <span data-term-id=\"57084168\">Layoffs<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>An employer cannot target protected employees in a <span data-term-id=\"57084168\">layoff<\/span> or reduction-in-force (RIF). <span data-term-id=\"57084120\">FEHA<\/span> prohibits discrimination and retaliation in termination decisions. An employer cannot hide behind a <span data-term-id=\"57084168\">layoff<\/span> to avoid <span data-term-id=\"57084109\">wrongful termination claims<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>If the employees affected by a <span data-term-id=\"57084168\">layoff<\/span> share a <span data-term-id=\"57084126\">protected characteristic<\/span> (for example, workers over 40 years old) or all engaged in a <span data-term-id=\"57084170\">protected activity<\/span><em>,<\/em> such as taking protected leave or reporting a <span data-term-id=\"57084166\">workplace safety<\/span> violation, the <span data-term-id=\"57084168\">layoff<\/span> may be targeted. In a mass <span data-term-id=\"57084168\">layoff<\/span> situation, employers must also provide the employees with adequate notice under both <a href=\"https:\/\/codes.findlaw.com\/ca\/labor-code\/lab-sect-1400\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>state<\/u><\/a>\u200b and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/employment-law-and-human-resources\/the-worker-adjustment-and-retraining-notification-act-warn.html\"><u>federal<\/u><\/a>\u200b Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Acts.<\/p>\n<h2>Taking Legal Action for a <span data-term-id=\"57084109\">Wrongful Termination Claim<\/span> in <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A wrongfully terminated employee may have several options available for recovery. The first step is to gather evidence to support your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/losing-a-job\/wrongful-termination-checklist.html\"><u><span data-term-id=\"57084109\">wrongful termination claim<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u200b. The next step is to understand the legal options available and take action.<\/p>\n<h3>Document Everything<\/h3>\n<p>If you think you may be taking action against your employer for wrongful termination, start taking detailed notes right away. Keep track of your day-to-day activities, noting who you interact with and when. Note the names and contact information of any witnesses to your interactions with the employer. Create a timeline of events. Save all of your work-related information, such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"57084113\">Employment contract<\/span>, offer letter, employee handbook<\/li>\n<li>Performance reviews and any performance improvement plans<\/li>\n<li>Emails, texts, and memos related to termination<\/li>\n<li>Medical records (if relevant)<\/li>\n<li>Any evidence of similarly situated employees being treated differently<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Keep track of anything that you think might be relevant. It\u2019s better to take info you end up not needing than to miss something that you do.<\/p>\n<h3>Your Legal Path to Recovery<\/h3>\n<p>Your legal path to recovery for wrongful termination depends on the <span data-term-id=\"57084169\">type of claim<\/span> you have. Some claims require &#8220;administrative exhaustion.&#8221; This means you must file with the appropriate <span data-term-id=\"57084139\">government agency<\/span> first. Other claims can go directly to court. Some claims allow you to choose.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s important to follow the correct procedure for your claim. For example, if your termination involved discrimination, harassment, or retaliation based on a <span data-term-id=\"57084126\">protected characteristic<\/span>, you generally must file an administrative claim with the <span data-term-id=\"57084127\">California<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084127\"> Civil Rights Department<\/span> (<span data-term-id=\"57084133\">CRD<\/span>) (formerly known as the Department of Fair Employment and Housing, or DFEH) before suing.<\/p>\n<p>If <span data-term-id=\"57084121\">federal law<\/span> applies, you can also file with the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/employment-discrimination\/filing-an-eeoc-complaint-or-charge.html\"><u> <\/u><u><span data-term-id=\"57084150\">Equal Employment Opportunity Commission<\/span><\/u><\/a>\u200b (<span data-term-id=\"57084131\">EEOC<\/span>). These agencies often cross-file claims with one another. Once the administrative process is complete (or once you receive a &#8220;right-to-sue&#8221; notice), you can file a lawsuit in state or federal court, depending on your legal claims. If the <span data-term-id=\"57084133\">CRD<\/span> does not complete its investigation within certain timeframes, you can request a right-to-sue letter and proceed directly to court.<\/p>\n<p>Whether a case proceeds in <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span> state court or federal court depends on the laws involved. <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span> protections against wrongful termination are broader than those in other states, offering employees better recovery options and longer filing deadlines.<\/p>\n<p>Other <span data-term-id=\"57084109\">wrongful termination claims<\/span> do not require administrative exhaustion. Some claims are filed in court from the start. These include claims based on public policy violations, <span data-term-id=\"57084116\">breach of contract<\/span>, certain <span data-term-id=\"57084110\">whistleblower<\/span> protections, and WARN Act violations.<\/p>\n<p>Some claims may be brought either before the <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span> Labor Commissioner or directly in court. The choice belongs to the employee. This mostly applies to <span data-term-id=\"57084151\">California<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084151\"> Labor Code<\/span> retaliation claims, such as wage- and whistleblower-retaliation claims.<\/p>\n<p>Deadlines and procedural requirements vary, so it&#8217;s important to identify all potential <span data-term-id=\"57084109\">wrongful termination claims<\/span> available to you so you can file your claim in the right place and on time. Most have <span data-term-id=\"57084137\">statutes of limitations<\/span>, after which you can no longer bring a claim. Working with an <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/wrongful-termination\/california\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"57084130\">employment attorney<\/span><\/a> is one way to navigate this complex path.<\/p>\n<h3>Potential Damages and Remedies for a <span data-term-id=\"57084109\">Wrongful Termination Claim<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>An employer that wrongfully terminates an employee may face severe consequences. Depending on the circumstances of the case and the type of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/losing-a-job\/wrongful-termination-claims.html\"><u>legal action<\/u><\/a>\u200b taken, an employee who brings a successful <span data-term-id=\"57084109\">wrongful termination claim<\/span> may be entitled to:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Economic damages<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Back pay (<span data-term-id=\"57084132\">lost wages<\/span>, calculated from the wrongful termination to judgment)<\/li>\n<li>Front pay (future lost earnings)<\/li>\n<li>Lost benefits (for example, health insurance, 401k, stock options)<\/li>\n<li>Job-search expenses<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Non-economic damages<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"57084136\">Emotional distress<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Pain and suffering<\/li>\n<li>Loss of reputation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/injury\/accident-injury-law\/what-are-punitive-damages.html\"><strong><u><span data-term-id=\"57084122\">Punitive damages<\/span><\/u><\/strong><\/a>\u200b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Available if the employer&#8217;s actions were malicious, fraudulent, oppressive, or extremely reckless<\/li>\n<li>Intended to punish and deter especially bad behavior<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Other remedies<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-term-id=\"57084171\">Reinstatement<\/span> (the employer must give the employee the job back or restore seniority)<\/li>\n<li>Injunctive relief (the employer must correct the employee&#8217;s personnel file or stop discriminatory practices)<\/li>\n<li>Attorney&#8217;s fees and costs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Under <span data-term-id=\"57084120\">FEHA<\/span>, there is no cap on compensatory damages, unlike some <span data-term-id=\"57084121\">federal laws<\/span>. <span data-term-id=\"57084122\">Punitive damages<\/span> under <span data-term-id=\"57084120\">FEHA<\/span> may be subject to statutory caps based on the employer&#8217;s size. An employee may recover both economic and non-economic damages.<\/p>\n<h2>When To Contact a <span data-term-id=\"57084141\">California<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"57084130\">Employment<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084130\"> Attorney<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A wrongful termination has many characteristics. Meeting with a <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/wrongful-termination\/california\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u><span data-term-id=\"57084125\">California<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084125\"> wrongful termination<\/span> attorney<\/u><\/a>\u200b is a good idea if your employer terminates you under suspicious conditions. This can include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Being fired shortly after complaining about discrimination or harassment<\/li>\n<li>Getting terminated after reporting the employer&#8217;s illegal activity<\/li>\n<li>Being let go after filing a <span data-term-id=\"57084134\">workers&#8217; compensation<\/span> claim<\/li>\n<li>Being fired while on or shortly after returning from protected leave<\/li>\n<li>Your discharge followed a pattern of discriminatory comments or conduct<\/li>\n<li>The employer gave inconsistent or changing reasons for your termination<\/li>\n<li>Other employees in your <span data-term-id=\"57084149\">protected class<\/span> were also terminated<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Wrongful termination may also apply if specific legal requirements are violated, such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>You have a written <span data-term-id=\"57084113\">employment contract<\/span><\/li>\n<li>The employer is pressuring you to quickly sign a separation agreement<\/li>\n<li>The termination was part of a mass <span data-term-id=\"57084168\">layoff<\/span> without proper notice<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If you are a <span data-term-id=\"57084107\">California<\/span> employee and you think your employer fired you for an <span data-term-id=\"57084135\">unlawful reason<\/span>, a<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/employment-law-employee\/california\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u> <\/u><u><span data-term-id=\"57084141\">California<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"57084111\">employment<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57084111\"> law<\/span> attorney<\/u><\/a>\u200b can help you decide what to do next. Many <span data-term-id=\"57084130\">employment attorneys<\/span> work on a contingency fee basis. This means you don&#8217;t pay any money up front for the legal services. Your attorney only gets paid from what you win from your <span data-term-id=\"57084138\">former employer<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g id=\"thumbs-up\" clip-path=\"url(#clip0_604_3418)\">\n   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available.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":51448,"featured_media":0,"parent":371727,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/ArticleWithBreadcrumbsController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":[]},"categories":[2743],"tags":[],"state_laws_tags":[],"flmsa":[],"class_list":["post-394322","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-state"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/394322","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/51448"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=394322"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/394322\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":401142,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/394322\/revisions\/401142"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/371727"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=394322"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=394322"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=394322"},{"taxonomy":"state_laws_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/state_laws_tags?post=394322"},{"taxonomy":"flmsa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/flmsa?post=394322"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}