{"id":4399,"date":"2016-04-04T10:47:30","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T15:47:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/smallbusiness\/business-debt-and-bankruptcy\/small-business-debt-collection.html"},"modified":"2026-03-26T01:15:00","modified_gmt":"2026-03-26T06:15:00","slug":"small-business-debt-collection","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/business-debt-and-bankruptcy\/small-business-debt-collection.html","title":{"rendered":"Legal Ways for Small Businesses to Collect Debts"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30  wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-section-main fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\"> Legal Ways for Small Businesses to Collect Debts<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/catherine-hodder-esq\/\">Catherine Hodder, Esq.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/jordan-walker-j-d\/\">Jordan Walker, J.D.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            March 26, 2026\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-editorial-note fl-text-sm\">\n            <p>Editorial Note: We earn a commission from affiliate partner links on FindLaw. Commissions do not affect the editorial integrity of our legal content.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <p>Small business debt collection is the process of debt recovery of unpaid invoices and late payments from customers. Small business owners can send formal demand letters, set up structured repayment plans, utilize debt collectors, and sue for bad debts.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>If you own a <span data-term-id=\"57492840\">small business<\/span>, you know firsthand how difficult <span data-term-id=\"57492839\">debt collection<\/span> can be. <span data-term-id=\"57492880\">Small business<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/business-finances\/debt-collection-overview.html\"><span data-term-id=\"57492839\">debt collection<\/span><\/a> is often one of the main failing points of many businesses throughout the country. With a little practice and courage, however, you may be able to lessen the amount of <span data-term-id=\"57492850\">late payments<\/span> that are due to you, and even know how to handle <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/business-finances\/the-customer-invoice-as-credit.html\"><span data-term-id=\"57492854\">non-payment<\/span> from a customer<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>It is critical for the financial health of your company to have a positive <span data-term-id=\"57492842\">cash flow<\/span>. If your company has a lot of <span data-term-id=\"57492853\">unpaid invoices<\/span> or <span data-term-id=\"57492878\">overdue accounts<\/span>, your company is at risk.<\/p>\n<h2>Types of Late Paying Customers and Clients<\/h2>\n<p>In general, <span data-term-id=\"57492880\">small business<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"57492839\">debt collection<\/span> has to do with collecting money owed from customers and clients who fall into three categories:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Customers and clients that will go to any length to avoid paying.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Customers and clients that tend to have many payments due at once and pay them sporadically.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Customers and clients that normally pay on time, but cannot because of financial trouble.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Customers in the last two categories are easier to deal with because they have a history of making full or partial payments. As a <span data-term-id=\"57492845\">small business<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492845\"> owner<\/span>, however, you need to be able to devise a strategy and method for figuring out <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/business-finances\/credit-and-collections-two-approaches.html\">which clients and customers fall into the first category<\/a>. In general, you will want to act quickly with regards to the first kind of customer, perhaps by calling a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/business-finances\/what-is-a-commercial-collections-agency.html\"><span data-term-id=\"57492874\">debt collection<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492874\"> service<\/span> company<\/a> or sue for the <span data-term-id=\"57492875\">overdue payments<\/span>.<br \/><br \/>Regarding all <span data-term-id=\"57492880\">small business<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"57492839\">debt collection<\/span> \u2014 act quickly and stay determined. No matter what kind of client or customer you are dealing with, acting in a timely manner will ensure that you maintain your right to the money owed, and staying determined can ensure that you get paid in full. You should send <span data-term-id=\"57492848\">past due<\/span> reminders and <span data-term-id=\"57492877\">collection letters<\/span> to debt-owing clients and customers on a regular basis. There is no reason to wait until the end of a month to send an invoice or a <span data-term-id=\"57492848\">past-due<\/span> notice. Send notices immediately when the invoice comes in or when an amount is <span data-term-id=\"57492848\">past-due<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h2>Tips for Avoiding <span data-term-id=\"57492850\">Late Payments<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The best defense to <span data-term-id=\"57492879\">bad debts<\/span> is a good offense. Structure your business to let your customers know you expect to be paid for goods provided or services rendered on your terms. Make sure any invoices or paperwork clearly indicates your <span data-term-id=\"57492858\">pricing<\/span>, the amount due, the payment <span data-term-id=\"57492855\">due date<\/span>, and the methods of payment you accept. Include your <span data-term-id=\"57492885\">contact information<\/span> such as an email address and <span data-term-id=\"57492873\">phone number<\/span> so a customer can contact you immediately if an issue arises.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ask For Immediate Payment.<\/strong> When you provide goods or services, ask to be paid upfront. If that is not possible, clearly communicate in writing your <span data-term-id=\"57492846\">payment terms<\/span> or expectations. For example, in a contract, you can specify that payment is due within 10 days of project completion.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Provide Different <span data-term-id=\"57492867\">Payment Methods<\/span>.<\/strong> Indicate if you accept checks, <span data-term-id=\"57492856\">credit cards<\/span>, PayPal, Venmo or other payment <span data-term-id=\"57492881\">collection methods<\/span>. A customer may prefer to pay the <span data-term-id=\"57492866\">amount owed<\/span> with a <span data-term-id=\"57492856\">credit card<\/span> so they can pay over time to their <span data-term-id=\"57492856\">credit card<\/span> company.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Add Fees for <span data-term-id=\"57492850\">Late Payment<\/span>.<\/strong> When issuing an invoice for payment due, indicate what <span data-term-id=\"57492869\">late fees<\/span> you will charge if not paid by a specified date. It may depend on your type of business but a company may typically add a <span data-term-id=\"57492869\">late fee<\/span> if a bill is not paid within 30 days.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span data-term-id=\"57492888\">Streamline<\/span> Your Collection Process.<\/strong> If an invoice is not paid, have methods for sending out <span data-term-id=\"57492883\">payment reminders<\/span> about <span data-term-id=\"57492893\">past due<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492893\"> invoices<\/span>. These could be sent every month. Once an invoice is a certain number of <span data-term-id=\"57492887\">days <\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492848\">past due<\/span>, you may need to implement more <span data-term-id=\"57492890\">debt collection<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492890\"> strategies<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h2><span data-term-id=\"57492890\">Debt Collection<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492890\"> Strategies<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>You must create a <span data-term-id=\"57492861\">debt collection<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492861\"> process<\/span> in your company to immediately <span data-term-id=\"57492870\">follow up<\/span> when a customer does not pay.<\/p>\n<p>What follows are some more helpful hints for <span data-term-id=\"57492880\">small business<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"57492839\">debt collection<\/span>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Avoid harassing the people that owe you money<\/strong>. This is both a good customer service policy as well as a good legal policy. If your actions can be considered harassing, you may wind up losing a <span data-term-id=\"57492882\">business relationship<\/span> as well as facing a legal challenge. If you call your debtors, be sure not to leave more than one message per day, and never threaten or speak ill of a debtor.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Keep communications short<\/strong>. Aim to keep <span data-term-id=\"57492847\">phone calls<\/span> or <span data-term-id=\"57492865\">text messages<\/span> short and formal. Do not imply that failing to make a payment is the same as a personal failure. Be sure to stay calm during the conversation, but always be clear that there is a debt that needs to be paid.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Write <span data-term-id=\"57492864\">demand letters<\/span><\/strong>. The letters that you write to your customers that owe money are called <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/litigation\/filing-a-lawsuit\/how-to-demand-payment-in-a-letter.html\"><span data-term-id=\"57492864\">demand letters<\/span><\/a>. You should be sure to send these in addition to making <span data-term-id=\"57492847\">phone calls<\/span>. Save copies of each letter you send. They may be useful if you have to go to a <span data-term-id=\"57492871\">commercial <\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492839\">debt collections<\/span> agency.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Set up a <span data-term-id=\"57492859\">payment plan<\/span>.<\/strong> If a customer indicates they intend to pay but is having financial trouble, consider working out a structured <span data-term-id=\"57492859\">payment plan<\/span>. Put the plan in writing and have penalties if the customer misses payments. You may want a business attorney to negotiate or draft such a <span data-term-id=\"57492859\">payment plan<\/span> so it is enforceable and in accordance with <span data-term-id=\"57492892\">state laws<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Offer to settle for less than is due<\/strong>. If you think that a debtor would be willing to do so, you may want to offer to settle for less than is due to your <span data-term-id=\"57492840\">small business<\/span>. This is a strategy often used for clients and customers that have no real hope of paying off the debt they owe. This settlement should be made official in a legal document that shows a payment of less than is due that satisfies the <span data-term-id=\"57492891\">total amount<\/span> of debt.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Get a collection agency to write <span data-term-id=\"57492864\">demand letters<\/span><\/strong>. Collection agencies are professionals when it comes to getting money that is <span data-term-id=\"57492848\">past due<\/span>. Therefore, it is no wonder that they write great <span data-term-id=\"57492864\">demand letters<\/span> as well. Many collections agencies offer this letter writing service at a fixed cost. You will normally get a series of letters to mail, each one escalating in intensity. However, <span data-term-id=\"57492844\">debt collection<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492844\"> agencies<\/span> are regulated through the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/business-finances\/the-fair-debt-collection-practices-act.html\"><span data-term-id=\"57492851\">Fair <\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492851\">Debt Collection<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492851\"> Practices Act<\/span><\/a> (<span data-term-id=\"57492863\">FDCPA<\/span>), which prohibits certain <span data-term-id=\"57492857\">collection efforts<\/span> that may be considered harassment or fraud. The <span data-term-id=\"57492863\">FDCPA<\/span> only applies to <span data-term-id=\"57492876\">consumer debt<\/span> and not commercial debt (debt among businesses). The law regulated third-party <span data-term-id=\"57492843\">debt collectors<\/span> and not <span data-term-id=\"57492845\">small business<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492845\"> owners<\/span> looking to collect on their own debt.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Hire a <span data-term-id=\"57492876\">consumer <\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492844\">debt<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492844\"> collection<\/span><span data-term-id=\"57492844\"> agency<\/span><\/strong>. Collection agencies can often be your only hope to collect any money from a debtor. These agencies often charge a <span data-term-id=\"57492884\">contingency fee<\/span> of up to 50 percent of what they collect, but getting some money on your <span data-term-id=\"57492862\">receivables<\/span> is often better than getting nothing. You can find out more about collection agencies by visiting the <a href=\"https:\/\/clla.org\/why-you-should-become-a-clla-certified-collection-agency\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Commercial Law League of America<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong><span data-term-id=\"57492852\">Small claims court<\/span><\/strong>. If you do not want to go through a collection agency, you can take <span data-term-id=\"57492849\">legal action<\/span> to get the money you\u2019re owed. Depending upon your state, you may be able to file a claim in <span data-term-id=\"57492852\">small claims court<\/span> to recover the money owed to your business. <span data-term-id=\"57492852\">Small claims court<\/span> is a great arena for <span data-term-id=\"57492840\">small businesses<\/span>, as these courts are designed to eliminate the high costs of attorneys and other court fees. In fact, <span data-term-id=\"57492852\">small claims courts<\/span> are such a popular tool for businesses to use to <span data-term-id=\"57492841\">collect debts<\/span> under a certain dollar amount, typically $5,000-$25,000.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>File a lawsuit<\/strong>. If <span data-term-id=\"57492852\">small claims court<\/span> is not an option for you, and the amount of money is too great to hand over 50% of it to a collection agency, you may have to file a lawsuit in order to recover the debt. There are higher costs associated with this method, however, such as fees for attorneys as well as court costs.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Get Legal Help With Your Business Debt Needs<\/h2>\n<p>If you\u2019re trying to collect from late-paying (or non-paying) customers, it can have a serious impact on your ability to do business, while eating up valuable resources and time. Make sure you\u2019re doing it efficiently and in compliance with the law by seeking <span data-term-id=\"57492872\">legal advice<\/span> from an attorney. Don\u2019t let <span data-term-id=\"57492860\">unpaid debts<\/span> sink your business \u2014 talk to a local <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/collections\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">business attorney<\/a> today.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" 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19.236 12.01 18.67 12H16M9.00003 14V18C9.00003 18.7956 9.3161 19.5587 9.87871 20.1213C10.4413 20.6839 11.2044 21 12 21L16 12V0.999995H4.72003C4.2377 0.994543 3.76965 1.16359 3.40212 1.47599C3.0346 1.78839 2.79235 2.22309 2.72003 2.7L1.34003 11.7C1.29652 11.9866 1.31586 12.2793 1.39669 12.5577C1.47753 12.8362 1.61793 13.0937 1.80817 13.3125C1.99842 13.5313 2.23395 13.7061 2.49846 13.8248C2.76297 13.9435 3.05012 14.0033 3.34003 14H9.00003Z\"\n                              stroke=\"#666666\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/g>\n                    <defs>\n                        <clipPath id=\"clip0_604_3423\">\n                            <rect width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"white\"\/>\n                        <\/clipPath>\n                    <\/defs>\n                <\/svg>\n            <\/i>\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"was-this-helpful__taken-action fl-text-sm-bold\"><\/span>\n    <div 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