{"id":4747,"date":"2016-04-04T11:47:41","date_gmt":"2016-04-04T16:47:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.findlaw-admin.com\/ability-law\/smallbusiness\/employment-law-and-human-resources\/preventing-sexual-harassment.html"},"modified":"2024-06-06T06:23:50","modified_gmt":"2024-06-06T11:23:50","slug":"preventing-sexual-harassment","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/employment-law-and-human-resources\/preventing-sexual-harassment.html","title":{"rendered":"Preventing Sexual Harassment at Your Business"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30  wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n    \n    <div class=\"fl-section-main fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\">\n        <h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Preventing Sexual Harassment at Your Business<\/h1>\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/susan-buckner-j-d\/\">Susan Buckner, J.D.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/aviana-cooper-esq\/\">Aviana Cooper, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            June 06, 2024\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-editorial-note fl-text-sm\">\n            <p>Editorial Note: We earn a commission from affiliate partner links on FindLaw. Commissions do not affect the editorial integrity of our legal content.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n<p>Sexual harassment in the workplace is no different than any other workplace harassment. The EEOC defines harassing behavior as &quot;unwelcome sexual advances [or] requests for sexual favors,&quot; which have the effect of creating a hostile work environment.<\/p>\r\n<p>The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eeoc.gov\/overview\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Equal Employment Opportunity Commission<\/a>\u00a0(EEOC) enforces federal and state laws aimed at preventing sexual harassment. Employers are responsible for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/employment-discrimination\/sexual-harassment-what-is-it.html\">preventing sexual harassment<\/a>\u00a0by developing employment practices and policies that deter harassers.<\/p>\r\n<p>That may be easy to say, but what if your business is too small to have a human resources department? Are you required to follow anti-discrimination laws if your business is smaller than the federal requirements? Wouldn&#8217;t you know if a worker was being harassed in a small office?<\/p>\r\n<p>This article gives some tips for small businesses on complying with sexual harassment laws and training requirements. State and federal laws have similar requirements, so check your local rules before proceeding.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Sexual Harassment and Small Businesses<\/h2>\r\n<p>The U.S. Department of Labor defines a\u00a0small business\u00a0as one with fewer than 500 workers. However, companies with fewer than\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/sbecouncil.org\/about-us\/facts-and-data\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">20 workers make up 89%<\/a>\u00a0of small businesses. That means that many federal laws intended to prevent sexual harassment and other forms of discrimination don&#8217;t affect most businesses in America.<\/p>\r\n<p>You might think that you would know if anyone was uncomfortable in a small office or company with a dozen people. But one discovery of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/employment-discrimination\/the--metoo-movement-and-the-law.html\">#MeToo movement<\/a>\u00a0was that many workers were afraid to speak up. This was true in big companies with robust HR departments and small offices where everyone knew one another.<\/p>\r\n<p>Sexual harassment creates an offensive or hostile work environment. By its nature, this prevents victims from speaking out. Job performance suffers, team cohesiveness breaks down, and the entire company culture suffers. Eventually, the victim or victims quit or are fired for poor performance. Small businesses suffer from constant turnover and retraining of new workers, aside from potential lawsuits and legal action.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Dispelling Sexual Harassment Myths<\/h2>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/employment\/employment-discrimination\/sexual-harassment-at-work.html\">Sexual harassment at work<\/a>\u00a0has many forms. Abandoning some long-held stereotypes and myths about sexual harassment is the first step in fighting it.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><b>Myth<\/b>:\u00a0Only women can be sexually harassed.<br \/>\r\n<b>Fact<\/b>:\u00a0Harassment is gender-neutral. Women can harass men. Men can harass other men, and women can harass women.<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Myth<\/b>:\u00a0It was a compliment\/a joke, so it wasn&#8217;t harassment.<br \/>\r\n<b>Fact<\/b>:\u00a0The victim&#8217;s perception matters as much as the speaker&#8217;s intent. If the statement is offensive, it may be harassment.<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Myth<\/b>:\u00a0That&#8217;s how we do things around here. They&#8217;ll have to get used to it.<br \/>\r\n<b>Fact<\/b>:\u00a0Just because there is a culture of harassment does not mean it is correct.<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Myth<\/b>:\u00a0The statement wasn&#8217;t about a co-worker, it was about someone else, so it wasn&#8217;t harassment.<br \/>\r\n<b>Fact<\/b>:\u00a0Comments may offend witnesses and third parties.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Sexual harassment complaints are more often filed by females than males, primarily because of the perception that men cannot be sexually harassed or that men aren&#8217;t offended by dirty jokes. Take all harassment complaints seriously.<\/p>\r\n<h2>Sexual Harassment Prevention Training<\/h2>\r\n<p>Employers are generally\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/liability-and-insurance\/an-employer-s-liability-for-employee-s-acts.html\">responsible for the actions<\/a>\u00a0of their workers under a variety of laws and legal theories. As of late 2023 seven states (California, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Maine, and New York) and two cities (New York City and Chicago) require employers to give their workers regular sexual harassment training. Federal and state courts have held that to avoid punitive damages, an employer must have had an anti-harassment policy and held regular harassment training sessions.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Creating a Sexual Harassment Training Program<\/h3>\r\n<p>That may be easy to say, but how does a small business owner create a sexual harassment training program alone? Employee training programs are easy to find online, and a sexual harassment program should follow the same steps. You should consider other factors when crafting a sexual harassment program.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><b>Know your state requirements<\/b>:\u00a0If you do business in one of the states with a mandatory training program, review their guidelines. Ensure your training includes any items demanded by the state.<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Ensure your sexual harassment policy aligns with your company&#8217;s values and mission statement<\/b>:\u00a0Your policy must be more than &quot;don&#8217;t harass women.&quot; Your workers will know if this is just another government compliance module.<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Use a realistic training format<\/b>:\u00a0Parking your employees in front of a computer to watch videos on &quot;How To Avoid Workplace Harassment&quot; is an afternoon off for most workers. As awkward and embarrassing as role-playing and interpersonal discussions may be, they allow workers to use your anti-harassment policies.<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Use realistic examples during your training<\/b>:\u00a0Use examples that workers might encounter at your workplace, not the boilerplate examples common to training programs. Everyone knows that pinching someone&#8217;s\u00a0behind is illegal. Your program needs to explain how constantly asking someone out for a romantic\u00a0lunch or making &quot;dumb blonde&quot; jokes is also harassment.<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Consider\u00a0bystander\u00a0training<\/b>:\u00a0This system was previously used in colleges and universities and was\u00a0successfully transferred to the workplace. Bystander training teaches workers intervention techniques for behavior before it becomes full-blown harassment. Research suggests that many people become uncomfortable with comments or\u00a0jokes\u00a0long before behavior becomes harassment, but hesitate to speak out. Bystander training teaches ways to step in without sounding judgmental or authoritarian.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/health.cornell.edu\/initiatives\/campaigns-materials\/intervene-bystander-campaign\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cornell University<\/a>\u00a0has a program for students you can adapt for business use.<\/li>\r\n<li><b>Make firm disciplinary action part of your policy, and follow it<\/b>:\u00a0If your sexual and workplace harassment policy is zero-tolerance, then you&#8217;re going to have to terminate workers if they cross the line. Think about how you will handle that\u00a0before\u00a0firing someone for violating your policy becomes necessary. A policy you don&#8217;t follow is worse than none at all.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Your program should acknowledge that sexual harassment does not have to be a man harassing a woman. A heterosexual male making comments about his manhood and mocking the performance of other heterosexual males in the workplace is also sexual harassment.<\/p>\r\n<h3>Legal Help with Harassment Policies<\/h3>\r\n<p>Allegations of sexual harassment affect employees and your bottom line. Be proactive and have a training program to avoid possible harassment claims. A\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/business-commercial-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">business law attorney<\/a>\u00a0near you can help you follow state requirements.<\/p>\r\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" 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