{"id":5456,"date":"2022-09-19T14:49:40","date_gmt":"2022-09-19T19:49:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ability-fl-prod.internetbrands.com\/ability-law\/smallbusiness\/starting-a-business\/llc-for-non-u-s-residents.html"},"modified":"2026-06-09T14:57:00","modified_gmt":"2026-06-09T19:57:00","slug":"llc-for-non-u-s-residents","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/starting-a-business\/llc-for-non-u-s-residents.html","title":{"rendered":"Can a Non-U.S. Resident Create an LLC?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30  wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 fl-sectionWithSidebar fl-container fl-flex fl-flex-wrap fl-gap30\">\n<div class=\"fl-section-main fl-page-articles fl-section-main fl-section-main-full-width\"><h1 class=\"fl-no-margin-top\">Can a Non-U.S. Resident Create an LLC?<\/h1>\n\n<section class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline\">\n    <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-content\">\n                    By <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/amber-sheppard-esq\/\">Amber Sheppard, Esq.<\/a> | Legally reviewed by <a\n                href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/catherine-hodder-esq\/\">Catherine Hodder, Esq.<\/a>\n                | Last updated\n        <time>\n                            June 09, 2026\n                    <\/time>\n    <\/div>\n\n            <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-editorial-note fl-text-sm\">\n            <p>Editorial Note: We earn a commission from affiliate partner links on FindLaw. Commissions do not affect the editorial integrity of our legal content.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    \n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-legally-reviewed\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Legally Reviewed\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>This article has been written and reviewed for legal accuracy, clarity, and style by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team.html\">FindLaw\u2019s team of legal writers and attorneys<\/a> and in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/company-history\/editorial-policy.html\">our editorial standards<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n\n    <details class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle fl-gutenberg-byline-fast-checked\">\n        <summary>\n            <i class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\n            Fact-Checked\n        <\/summary>\n\n        <div class=\"fl-gutenberg-byline-toggle-content\">\n            <p><em>The last updated date refers to the last time this article was reviewed by FindLaw or one of our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/company\/our-team\/contributing-authors.html\">contributing authors<\/a>. We make every effort to keep our articles updated. For information regarding a specific legal issue affecting you, please <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/?fli=bylinelink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contact an attorney in your area<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/details>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<div class=\"fl-key-takeaways fl-mb30\" data-testid=\"fl-key-takeaways\">\n    <div class=\"fl-card-content\">\n        <div class=\"fl-card-body fl-card-bg-teal fl-flex fl-flex-column\">\n                            <h2 class=\"fl-card-title fl-h2 fl-no-margin\">Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n                        <p>Yes, non-U.S. residents can create a\u00a0limited liability company (LLC)\u00a0in the United States. They do not need U.S. citizenship or a green card to start a U.S. LLC. Foreign business owners can register to open a U.S. company whether\u00a0they are physically present or not. However, foreign business owners have a few different rules and use other forms than American LLC owners.<\/p>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div><h2><strong>The Advantages of a <span data-term-id=\"54199446\">Non-US Resident<\/span> LLC<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Opening a U.S.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/incorporation-and-legal-structures\/llcs.html\"><span data-term-id=\"54199437\">limited liability company<\/span><\/a> offers many commercial and practical <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/incorporation-and-legal-structures\/llc-advantages-and-disadvantages.html\">advantages<\/a>\u00a0for a <span data-term-id=\"54199438\">non-U.S. citizen<\/span>. This is an attractive option for many\u00a0<span data-term-id=\"54199451\">business owners<\/span> outside the U.S. An LLC\u00a0provides foreign access to the entire <span data-term-id=\"54199492\">U.S. market<\/span> and to American venture capitalists and investors. Having a U.S. base can increase a foreign company\u2019s reputation and credibility.<\/p>\n<p>Some of the most significant benefits include:<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Personal <span data-term-id=\"54199459\">Liability Protection<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>A <span data-term-id=\"54199437\">limited liability company<\/span> (LLC) offers the owner personal <span data-term-id=\"54199459\">liability protection<\/span>. The LLC is a separate legal entity whose owner can\u2019t be sued for unpaid LLC obligations. The owner\u2019s <span data-term-id=\"54199468\">personal assets<\/span> and bank accounts can\u2019t be attached or sold for LLC debts.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Pass-Through Taxation<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Unlike other types of <span data-term-id=\"54199449\">business entities<\/span>, an LLC offers pass-through taxation. Consider\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/incorporation-and-legal-structures\/corporations.html\">corporations<\/a>, for example. A U.S. corporation is a separate <span data-term-id=\"54199449\">business entity<\/span> that shields owners from lawsuits for business debts. Despite this, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Internal Revenue Service<\/a> (<span data-term-id=\"54199429\">IRS<\/span>) taxes corporate profits at the entity level (think corporate <span data-term-id=\"54199431\">tax return<\/span>) and the individual level (individual <span data-term-id=\"54199431\">tax return<\/span>) for distributions.<\/p>\n<p>While LLCs are like corporations in some ways, they do not have this type of double taxation. The entity does not file a business <span data-term-id=\"54199431\">tax return<\/span>, and the <span data-term-id=\"54199429\">IRS<\/span> essentially disregards it. Instead, the LLC distributes all profits to the owner or owners who pay taxes at the individual level. This is called pass-through taxation.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Ownership Flexibility<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>A <span data-term-id=\"54199437\">limited liability company<\/span> (LLC) with one member is a single-member LLC. An LLC can have any number of owners\u00a0\u2014\u00a0called &#8220;members.&#8221; The members can be people, corporations, trusts, IRAs, other LLCs, and pension plans.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Management Flexibility<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The owner or owners of an LLC have many options\u00a0for\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/incorporation-and-legal-structures\/llc-member-vs--manager.html\">managing the company<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Member-managed<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Manager-managed by one of the members<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Manager-managed by hiring a third-party<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Some LLCs set up a management structure with a board of directors and corporate executives.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Easy Formation<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Forming consists of creating and filing a few documents, which you can do online with\u00a0the\u00a0<span data-term-id=\"54199454\">Secretary of State<\/span>. The ability to\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/incorporation-and-legal-structures\/forming-an-llc.html\">form an LLC<\/a>\u00a0virtually means a <span data-term-id=\"54199446\">non-U.S. resident<\/span> can do this anywhere.<\/p>\n<h2>Forming a <span data-term-id=\"54199428\">Non-Resident<\/span> LLC<\/h2>\n<p>Although <span data-term-id=\"54199475\">LLC formation<\/span> is a relatively easy process, as a <span data-term-id=\"54199428\">non-resident<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"54199451\">business owner<\/span>, you may have extra steps, like determining whether your LLC has <span data-term-id=\"54199463\">non-resident<\/span><span data-term-id=\"54199463\"> alien<\/span> status.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Determine if Your LLC Has <span data-term-id=\"54199463\">Non-Resident<\/span><span data-term-id=\"54199463\"> Alien<\/span> Status<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The Internal Revenue Service (<span data-term-id=\"54199429\">IRS<\/span>) considers a person\u00a0a <span data-term-id=\"54199463\">non-resident<\/span><span data-term-id=\"54199463\"> alien<\/span> if they are\u00a0<em>not<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>A U.S. citizen<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>A permanent U.S. resident with a <span data-term-id=\"54199490\">green card<\/span>\u00a0or<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Someone who passes the &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/individuals\/international-taxpayers\/substantial-presence-test\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">substantial presence test<\/a>.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A\u00a0citizen of the United States can open a regular LLC or other <span data-term-id=\"54199435\">U.S. business<\/span> in any state. However, determining whether a person\u00a0is a <span data-term-id=\"54199463\">non-resident<\/span><span data-term-id=\"54199463\"> alien<\/span> is slightly more complicated. This is particularly important if you are trying to avoid paying <span data-term-id=\"54199440\">U.S. taxes<\/span> to the <span data-term-id=\"54199429\">IRS<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Extra Benefits for <span data-term-id=\"54199428\">Non-Resident<\/span> LLCs<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>One of the extra benefits available to <span data-term-id=\"54199428\">non-resident<\/span> LLCs is the possibility of avoiding paying any <span data-term-id=\"54199430\">income taxes<\/span> on their LLC business income. This only works if:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>They are residents of a country that does not tax individual income and<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Not required to pay <span data-term-id=\"54199450\">federal taxes<\/span> in the United States because they have no income from trade or business in the U.S.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>All members of an LLC must be <span data-term-id=\"54199463\">non-resident<\/span><span data-term-id=\"54199463\"> aliens<\/span> to avoid tax filing requirements with the <span data-term-id=\"54199429\">IRS<\/span>. However, a <span data-term-id=\"54199433\">foreign-owned<\/span> LLC classified as a disregarded entity is strictly required to file an annual information return via <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/instructions\/i5472\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"54199429\">IRS<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"54199432\">Form 5472<\/span><\/a> along with a pro forma <span data-term-id=\"54199479\">Form 1120<\/span> if any reportable transactions occurred.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Pick the State for Non-<span data-term-id=\"54199436\">U.S. <\/span><span data-term-id=\"54199475\">LLC<\/span><span data-term-id=\"54199475\"> Formation<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>To open a <span data-term-id=\"54199428\">non-resident<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"54199436\">U.S. LLC<\/span>, choose a state in which to open the <span data-term-id=\"54199435\">U.S.\u00a0business<\/span>. Each state has unique laws about forming, maintaining, owning, and managing an LLC.<\/p>\n<p>If your LLC will conduct business in one state, that is the state in which\u00a0to form the company. If the LLC has no <span data-term-id=\"54199486\">physical presence<\/span> in any state, you\u2019ll want to determine which laws work best for your enterprise. Some opt for a <span data-term-id=\"54199434\">Wyoming<\/span> LLC because of its low maintenance fees. Others prefer <span data-term-id=\"54199474\">Nevada<\/span> or <span data-term-id=\"54199445\">Delaware<\/span> LLCs for more privacy about the names of LLC members.<\/p>\n<p>Your LLC does not need a <span data-term-id=\"54199473\">physical address<\/span>. However, it will need a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/starting-a-business\/what-is-a-registered-agent-.html\">local registered agent<\/a>\u00a0whose address can serve as the company\u2019s mailing address to register the business and to get a <span data-term-id=\"54199447\">U.S. bank account<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Select an LLC <span data-term-id=\"54199496\">Business Name<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Next,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/starting-a-business\/choosing-a-business-name.html\">choose a <span data-term-id=\"54199496\">business name<\/span><\/a>\u00a0for your LLC. Some LLCs operate under the owners\u2019 names, especially when the company only has one owner. However, most states also require &#8220;<span data-term-id=\"54199437\">limited liability company<\/span>&#8221; or &#8220;LLC&#8221; in the name. For example, if your name is Jean Robin, you could call your LLC Jean Robin <span data-term-id=\"54199437\">Limited Liability Company<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Try to pick a unique <span data-term-id=\"54199496\">business name<\/span> so you can\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/starting-a-business\/how-to-trademark-a-business-name.html\">trademark<\/a>\u00a0it.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Pick a Registered Agent for the Foreign Company<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Most, if not all, states in this country require that every LLC organized in their jurisdiction appoint a registered agent to\u00a0receive\u00a0all the important notices and <span data-term-id=\"54199443\">legal documents<\/span> for the company. Many foreign companies\u00a0\u2014\u00a0lacking physical contact with the state\u00a0\u2014\u00a0prefer to hire a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/starting-a-business\/what-is-a-registered-agent-.html\"><span data-term-id=\"54199455\">registered agent<\/span><\/a><span data-term-id=\"54199455\">\u00a0service<\/span>. The registered agent\u2019s role is essential, so pick a reputable company.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Apply for an LLC <span data-term-id=\"54199456\">Employer Identification Number<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Every <span data-term-id=\"54199449\">business entity<\/span> in this country needs an official identification for <span data-term-id=\"54199483\">tax purposes<\/span>, termed a tax ID. A\u00a0U.S. citizen will have an individual <span data-term-id=\"54199499\">taxpayer identification number<\/span>, such as a <span data-term-id=\"54199441\">Social Security number<\/span> (<span data-term-id=\"54199502\">SSN<\/span>). Still, a <span data-term-id=\"54199438\">non-U.S. citizen<\/span> starting a foreign LLC will not. So, the small business must\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/business-taxes\/getting-an-employer-identification-number-ein.html\">get an <span data-term-id=\"54199456\">employer identification number<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(EIN) from the <span data-term-id=\"54199429\">IRS<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Anyone in the country can apply for an <span data-term-id=\"54199456\">employer identification number<\/span> on the <span data-term-id=\"54199429\">IRS<\/span> website. But if you are organizing an LLC from your <span data-term-id=\"54199476\">home country<\/span>, you can also call, mail, or fax the required form,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/forms-pubs\/about-form-ss-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-term-id=\"54199429\">IRS<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"54199469\">Form SS-4<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The form asks for details of the new company, such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>The DBA or <span data-term-id=\"54199496\">business name<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Mailing address of the registered agent<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Type of entity<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If, for any reason, you can\u2019t apply for an EIN, a <span data-term-id=\"54199446\">non-U.S.\u00a0resident<\/span> can get a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.irs.gov\/individuals\/international-taxpayers\/taxpayer-identification-numbers-tin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S.\u00a0<span data-term-id=\"54199499\">Taxpayer Identification Number<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(<span data-term-id=\"54199494\">ITIN<\/span>) from the <span data-term-id=\"54199429\">IRS<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Prepare <span data-term-id=\"54199438\">Non-U.S.Citizen<\/span> <span data-term-id=\"54199475\">LLC Formation<\/span> Documents<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>After you have taken care of all\u00a0these preliminary steps, you can turn to prepare the formation documents for opening your LLC in your chosen state. Most states require that you prepare and file\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/incorporation-and-legal-structures\/writing-and-filing-the-articles-of-incorporation.html\"><span data-term-id=\"54199444\">articles of\u00a0organization<\/span><\/a>, setting out basic information about the company. All require that you pay a <span data-term-id=\"54199448\">filing fee<\/span>. Some states require a physical <span data-term-id=\"54199497\">business address<\/span> (a U.S. address) and some information about the members.<\/p>\n<p>You should prepare an <span data-term-id=\"54199442\">operating agreement<\/span> if you have a <span data-term-id=\"54199488\">multi-member LLC<\/span>. This provides management and operating rules for the company and ensures all members are on the same page. Generally, you do not need to file these with your <span data-term-id=\"54199454\">Secretary of\u00a0State<\/span>\u2019s office.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Open a <span data-term-id=\"54199447\">U.S. Bank Account<\/span> for the LLC<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Once the legal formation is complete, it\u2019s time to open a business bank account in your state. These are important for\u00a0receiving\u00a0wire transfers and paying bills and invoices. A local bank account in the United States will also help with merchant accounts and payment processors.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Get Legal Help<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>If you are a <span data-term-id=\"54199487\">non-citizen<\/span> needing help forming a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/smallbusiness\/incorporation-and-legal-structures\/do-i-need-a-lawyer-to-set-up-an-llc-.html\"><span data-term-id=\"54199446\">non-U.S. resident<\/span> LLC<\/a>, you should speak to an <a href=\"https:\/\/lawyers.findlaw.com\/business-commercial-law\/?fli=dcta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">experienced business attorney<\/a>. They are experts in business and <span data-term-id=\"54199453\">tax laws<\/span> and will help you determine the <span data-term-id=\"54199466\">best state<\/span> to form your LLC and help you <span data-term-id=\"54199461\">file forms<\/span> to set it up. Alternatively, you can use an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/forms\/business-formation.html\">online <span data-term-id=\"54199457\">business formation<\/span> service company<\/a> to set up your LLC. You should be familiar with the laws for <span data-term-id=\"54199439\">doing business<\/span> in the state as well as how to keep your LLC legally compliant.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"was-this-helpful\">\n    <div\n            class=\"was-this-helpful__question-container\"\n            aria-labelledby=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n            role=\"group\"\n    >\n        <span\n                id=\"was-this-helpful__question\"\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__question fl-text-lg-bold\"\n        >Was this helpful?<\/span>\n        <button\n                class=\"was-this-helpful__button fl-text-sm\"\n                aria-label=\"Yes\"\n                value=\"yes\"\n        >\n            <span class=\"was-this-helpful__button-text fl-text-bold\">Yes<\/span>\n            <i class=\"was-this-helpful__button-icon\">\n                <svg width=\"22\" height=\"22\" viewBox=\"0 0 22 22\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <g 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Discover how to start your LLC today!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41135,"featured_media":0,"parent":5123,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"app\/Http\/Controllers\/Templates\/ArticleWithBreadcrumbsController.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","_autodraft_ids":[],"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"_sb_is_suggestion_mode":false,"_sb_show_suggestion_boards":false,"_sb_show_comment_boards":false,"_sb_suggestion_history":"","_sb_update_block_changes":"","_is_real_time_mode":false,"_realtime_collaborators":"","footnotes":"","cf_checklist_status":["External Links","Alt Text for All Images","Tags Assigned","Category Assigned","SEO Title Length"]},"categories":[2],"tags":[9],"state_laws_tags":[],"flmsa":[],"class_list":["post-5456","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-smallbusiness","tag-aff-llc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5456","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/41135"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5456"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5456\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":400024,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5456\/revisions\/400024"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5123"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5456"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5456"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5456"},{"taxonomy":"state_laws_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/state_laws_tags?post=5456"},{"taxonomy":"flmsa","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.findlaw.com\/law-api\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/flmsa?post=5456"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}